Aims. Despite the interest in the association of gut microbiota with bone health, limited population-based studies of gut microbiota and
Objectives. The goal of this study is to investigate the relation between indicators of osteoporosis (i.e.,
Aims. Osteoporosis and abnormal bone metabolism may prove to be significant
factors influencing the outcome of arthroplasty surgery, predisposing
to complications of aseptic loosening and peri-prosthetic fracture.
We aimed to investigate baseline
Purpose. The purpose of this study was to evaluate periprosthetic
We studied the
In patients with osteoporosis there is always
a strong possibility that pedicle screws will loosen. This makes
it difficult to select the appropriate osteoporotic patient for
a spinal fusion. The purpose of this study was to determine the
correlation between
We compared peri-prosthetic
The major advantage of hip resurfacing is the decreased amount of bone resection compared with a standard total hip replacement. Fracture of the femoral neck is the most common early complication and poor bone quality is a major risk factor. We undertook a prospective consecutive case control study examining the effect of
Low-energy fractures of the proximal humerus indicate osteoporosis and it is important to direct treatment to this group of patients who are at high risk of further fracture. Data were prospectively collected from 79 patients (11 men, 68 women) with a mean age of 69 years (55 to 86) with fractures of the proximal humerus in order to determine if current guidelines on the measurement of the
Low bone mass and osteopenia have been described in the axial and peripheral skeleton of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Recently, many studies have shown that gene polymorphism is related to osteoporosis. However, no studies have linked the association between IL6 gene polymorphism and bone mass in AIS. This study examined the association between bone mass and IL6 gene polymorphism in 198 girls with AIS. The polymorphisms of IL6-597 G→A, IL6-572 G→C and IL6-174 G→A and the
Transient osteoporosis of the hip is a disorder characterised by pain, and associated with temporary osteopaenia. Although osteopaenia is the essence of the condition, data do not exist about the local bone density of the femoral neck if no medication is administered. We describe three patients who were treated with limitation of weight-bearing only. Repeated
There is limited literature available looking into circumstances surrounding the development of stress fracture of the medial and lateral malleoli after ankle replacement. We present the preliminary results of a prospective study examining the effect of ankle replacement upon local
Aims. The distal radius is a major site of osteoporotic bone loss resulting in a high risk of fragility fracture. This study evaluated the capability of a cortical index (CI) at the distal radius to predict the local
Aims. Assessment of
To analyze the effect of tooth extraction site preservation on
Introduction: Osteoporosis is one of the major diseases worldwide, affecting millions of elderly people, with severe economical and medical consequences. The most commonly used method for the determination of decreased bone quality is the assessment of
Introduction: There is limited literature available looking into circumstances surrounding the development of stress fracture of the medial and lateral malleoli after ankle replacement. We present the preliminary results of a prospective study examining the effect of ankle replacement upon local
Introduction: There is limited literature looking into the circumstances surrounding the development of stress fractures of the medial and lateral malleoli after ankle replacement. We present the preliminary results of a prospective study examining the effect of total ankle replacement (TAR) upon local
Background. Reduced
Varus deformity is found in 90% of patients with knee OA. Axis deviation of lower extremity influences joint biomechanics and produce alteration in
Femoral stem design affects periprosthetic
Aims. To examine the relationship of sex steroid hormones with osteopenia in a nationally representative sample of men in the USA. Methods. Data on
To ascertain whether patients with Colles’ fracture should be investigated for osteoporosis and the risk of future fractures, we measured the
It is accepted that resurfacing hip replacement
preserves the
Aims. The aim of this study was to compare the pattern of initial fixation and changes in periprosthetic
Femoral stem design affects periprosthetic
The measurement of
Objectives. Several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of
To prevent bone loss, OPG/RANK/RANKL signalling pathway is a key in keeping the balance between the action of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Aim of this study is to assess the influence of long-term nicotine exposure on
Introduction. There is no published series described change in
To investigate whether children with fractures have a low
We undertook a randomised prospective follow-up study of changes in peri-prosthetic
To evaluate the effects of 6 and 18 months of abaloparatide (ABL) compared with placebo (PBO) on
Our aim in this prospective study was to compare the
We used dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) to compare the
Introduction:. Significant proximal femoral remodeling occurs after total hip arthroplasty (THA), with regions of bone loss, and regions of hypertrophy. This study compared three implants for changes in femoral
Introduction: This study prospectively measured fifty consecutive patients who had the preoperative diagnosis of osteoarthritis undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to evaluate the change of the
Purpose of study:. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the changes in peri-prosthetic
The shape of the vertebral bodies from L1 to L4 was assessed from lateral dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) images using an active shape model. The output from the model was compared to measurements of areal
The
Total Hip Replacement (THR) is one of the most successful operations in all of medicine, however surgeons just rely on their experience and expertise when choosing between cemented or cementless stem, without having any quantitative guidelines. The aim of this project is to provide clinicians with some tools to support in their decision making. A novel method based on
Cementless implants have gained popularity in modern orthopaedic practice. The type implants and surface characteristics on fixation has been extensively investigated, however there is insufficient data on the effect of the host bone bed status on implant fixation. This study aims to determine if there is a correlation between the fixation strength of cementless press-fit implants and
We investigated the effect of locally administered bisphosphonate on distraction osteogenesis in a rabbit model and evaluated its systemic effect. An osteotomy on the right tibia followed by distraction for four weeks was performed on 47 immature rabbits. They were divided into seven equal groups, with each group receiving a different treatment regime. Saline and three types of dosage of alendronate (low, 0.75 μg/kg; mid, 7.5 μg/kg and high 75 μg/kg) were given by systemic injection in four groups, and saline and two dosages (low and mild) were delivered by local injection to the distraction gap in the remaining three groups. The injections were performed five times weekly during the period of distraction. After nine weeks the animals were killed and image analysis and mechanical testing were performed on the distracted right tibiae and the left tibiae which served as a control group. The local low-dose alendronate group showed a mean increase in
Introduction: Selective COX-2 (Cyclooxygenase-2) inhibitors have been found to impede fracture healing. The effect of selective COX-2 inhibitors on tendon healing in a bone tunnel, however, is unknown. Methods: The authors performed bilateral anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions in 32 rabbits and used peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) to compare tendon-to-bone healing between tunnel aperture and midtunnel regarding
To achieve desirable outcomes in cementless total knee replacement (TKR), sufficient primary stability is essential. The primary stability inhibits excessive motions at the bone-implant interface, hence providing the necessary condition for osseointegration [1]. Primary stability for cementless TKR is provided by press-fit forces between the bone and implant. The press-fit forces depend on several factors including interference fit, friction between bone and implant surface, and the bone material properties. It is expected that
Fractures of the distal forearm are widely regarded as the result of “fragility”. We have examined the extent to which patients with Colles’ fractures have osteopenia. We measured the
We studied the
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is increasingly used to measure changes in
We investigated prospectively the
Purpose: Insertion of the femoral stem during total hip arthroplasty provokes a bridge between the proximal femoral forces leading to well-documented bone resorption. A review of the literature concerning the behaviour of the contralateral femur and the spine reveals conflicting data. Some authors report variable
We investigated the effect of the Birmingham hip resurfacing (BHR) arthroplasty on the
Aims. The aim of this study was to compare the mid-term patient-reported outcome, bone remodelling, and migration of a short stem (Collum Femoris Preserving; CFP) with a conventional uncemented stem (Corail). Methods. Of 81 patients who were initially enrolled, 71 were available at five years’ follow-up. The outcomes at two years have previously been reported. The primary outcome measure was the clinical result assessed using the Oxford Hip Score (OHS). Secondary outcomes were the migration of the stem, measured using radiostereometric analysis (RSA), change of
The relationship between the
Fragility fractures are an increasing cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly population. Their association with reduced
In conventional DXA (Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry) analysis, pixel
Introduction Vertebral fractures in the elderly frequently involve the anterior and superior regions of the vertebral body. We hypothesise that vertebral fracture patterns reflect regional variations in
The rising incidence of atraumatic fractures in patients either with Ewing's sarcoma or osteosarcoma years after chemotherapy revealed a growing population of childhood cancer survivors with a decreased
Objective. In ex vivo hip fracture studies femoral pairs
are split to create two comparable test groups. When more than two
groups are required, or if paired femurs cannot be obtained, group
allocation according to
Introduction: Osteoporosis is diagnosed by measurement of
Locking plate fixation in proximal humeral fractures has demonstrated good results tempered by a significant rate of loss of fixation. Reported rates of failure are typically around 10% of cases but can be 20% or higher. In addition large series are often made up of a diverse patient population, so we have chosen to focus solely on patients confirmed to have significantly reduced BMD who can be considered a subset at high risk of fixation failure. Twenty-three patients (5 male, 18 female) with a proximal humeral fracture treated by locking plate fixation were confirmed on DEXA scanning to be osteopaenic (17), osteoporotic (4) or severely osteoporotic (2). Patients early in the series were reviewed retrospectively and recalled for an updated assessment where appropriate, and the remainder were followed prospectively. The average age was 66 years (range 49 to 82). Follow up was for an average of nine months following surgery (range 2 and a half to 28 months). 17 patients underwent surgery for acute injuries and 6 for established surgical neck non-unions. Seven injuries were 2-part fractures, 12 3-part, 3 were 4-part and one a 2-part surgical neck non-union.1 plate failed due to complete loss of fixation within 2 months in a patient with severe osteoporosis and was treated with removal of metalwork. This was the only injury that failed to unite. Avascular necrosis occurred in three patients with two revised to a hemiarthroplasty. 1 patient had ongoing pain and underwent removal of the plate. Our series demonstrated that locking plate fixation of proximal humeral fractures is associated with a low rate of fixation failure and satisfactory outcomes in patients with significantly reduced
Stand-alone anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) provides the opportunity to avoid supplemental posterior fixation. This may reduce morbidity and complication rate, which is of special interest in patients with reduced
The introduction of porous tantalum metal (Trabecular Metal; Zimmer, Warsaw, IN) for acetabular component fixation in total hip arthroplasty has shown optimum fixation qualities and “gap filling” effect. Recently, trabecular metal was introduced in tibial component for total knee prosthesis, however its effect on the
Purpose. Use of a large femoral head metal-on-metal bearing in total hip arthroplasty may offer an advantage in terms of dislocation rates and more natural joint kinematics. The acetabular component is more rigid however in these prostheses and if not placed accurately can lead to increased levels of metal ion release. A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted to quantify
Objectives. Osteosynthesis of anterior pubic ramus fractures using one large-diameter screw can be challenging in terms of both surgical procedure and fixation stability. Small-fragment screws have the advantage of following the pelvic cortex and being more flexible. The aim of the present study was to biomechanically compare retrograde intramedullary fixation of the superior pubic ramus using either one large- or two small-diameter screws. Materials and Methods. A total of 12 human cadaveric hemipelvises were analysed in a matched pair study design.
We aimed to evaluate the precision and longitudinal sensitivity of measurement of
To explore a novel machine learning model to evaluate the vertebral fracture risk using Decision Tree model and train the model by
INTRODUCTION. Loosening is a major cause for revision in uncemented hip prostheses due to insufficient primary stability. Primary stability after surgery is achieved through press-fit in an undersized cavity. Cavity preparation is performed either by extraction (removing bone) or compaction (crushing bone) broaching. Densification of trabecular bone has been shown to enhance primary stability in human femora; however, the effect of clinically used compaction and extraction broaches on human bone with varying
Cementless total knee replacement (TKR) is at the present date a controversial topic. Aim of the study was to compare the effect on tibial periprosthetic
Vitamin D is vital for bone health because it assists in the absorption and utilisation of calcium. Vitamin D deficiency may predispose individuals to developing osteoporosis and subsequent osteoporotic fracture. There are various studies in elderly females with hip fractures correlating the low
Our aim was to determine the precision of the measurements of
The study was designed to determine the incidence and to quantify the risk factors of permanently decreased
The operative treatment of fractures of the proximal humerus can be complicated by poor bone quality. Our aim was to evaluate a new method which allows prediction of the bone quality of the proximal humerus from radiographs. Anteroposterior radiographs were taken of 19 human cadaver humeri. The cortical thickness was measured at two levels of the proximal humeral diaphysis. The
Purpose: To examine whether neutral or valgus placement results in greater fracture strength ex vivo, when the femoral neck is notched superolaterally as sometimes occurs during hip resurfacing arthroplasty. Methods: We loaded 10 paired fresh-frozen notched proximal cadaveric femora (8F/2M, 66 to 80 years) to failure. In each case, the right femur was implanted, using bone cement, with a machined resurfacing component aligned neutrally with respect to the femoral neck whereas the left femur was implanted at 10° valgus. The superolateral notch was 3 mm wide by 2 mm deep directly beside the component. Potted femurs were loaded to failure using an Instron materials testing machine. All 20 femora were scanned using Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry. Results: The effect of neutral versus valgus placement was complex. (1) Two pairs slowly crushed; the remaining femurs exhibited a clear fracture. When only the fracture-type failures were analyzed, valgus placement resulted in fracture loads on average 22% higher than for neutral placement (paired t-test, p<
0.05). All femurs failed within the notch, as occurs clinically. (2) Femurs with high bone density (BMD>
0.65 g/cm2) showed a significant increase in fracture load (p<
0.05) whereas femurs with low BMD (<
0.65 g/cm2) were unaffected by component placement. BMD was highly correlated with fracture load (Pearson r=0.87, p=0.0003). (3) The greatest improvements occurred when the neck-shaft angle was relatively low, 128°–132°. (4) Two of ten femurs required larger head sizes at 10° valgus. Conclusions: (1) Fracture load was primarily controlled by bone quality (BMD); (2) nevertheless, varus/valgus placement did affect the fracture load; (3) the magnitude and direction of this effect depended on fracture type,
A total of 63 women who had an operation for a fracture of the hip was randomly allocated to one year of treatment either with anabolic steroids, vitamin D and calcium (anabolic group) or with calcium only (control group). The thigh muscle volume was measured by quantitative CT. The
Introduction. Resorptive bone remodeling secondary to stress shielding has been a concern associated with cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA). At present, various types of cementless implants are commercially available. The difference in femoral stem design may affect the degree of postoperative stress shielding. In the present study, we aimed to compare the difference in
Introduction: Several factors render plain X-ray radiographs of the hip unsuitable for
Introduction. The influence of the
Surface replacement is widely used as a treatment for younger patients requiring hip replacement. However the long-term performance of such devices remains unknown. One area of concern is the viability of the bone in the proximal portion of the femur. These concerns are related to the trauma which the proximal femur is exposed to during the operative procedure and the level of vascularity which is subsequently attained. Previous studies have used a single time point and shown reduced loss in bone stock compared to total hip replacement and minimal difference with the contra-lateral unaffected hip. The aim of this study is to report the changes in
We have used dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to measure
The long-term performance of surface replacement devices remains unknown. One area of concern is the viability of the bone in the proximal portion of the femur. Previous studies, using a single time point, have shown reduced loss in bone stock compared to total hip replacement and minimal difference with the contra-lateral, unaffected hip. The aim of this study is use DEXA scanning to report the changes in
Objective. To compare regional body composition,
Introduction. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is the gold standard for assessing
Aims: evaluate the relationship between Singh index (SI),
Introduction: The most widely accepted method for measuring
Aims: To evaluate whether the atlantoaxial disorders (anterior atlantoaxial subluxation and atlantoaxial impaction) associate with destruction of shoulder or peripheral joints, and
Purpose: The ABG Total Hip Joint Replacement is a cementless, hydroxyapatite coated prosthesis designed to be metaphyseal loading. The aim of our study was to analyze the changes in proximal femoral
Periprosthetic bone loss is one of the major concerns in total hip arthroplasty (THA). Several studies have reported that
Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is a precise tool for measuring
Measurement of the rate of fracture healing is a major problem in fracture research.
Introduction:
Aims: Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) reverses the menopausal decline in
Introduction. Several short femoral stems have been introduced in primary total hip arthroplasty, supposedly in order to save proximal bone stock. We intended to analyse primary stability, changes in periprosthetic
Weight-bearing is a known stimulus for bone remodelling and a reduction in weight-bearing is associated with reduced
Background/Objective: Since estrogen receptors (ERα/ERβ) were identified in human chondrocytes, animal-and experimental studies have demonstrated the importance of continued estrogen production for the integrity of articular cartilage. However, human epidemiological support of the hypothesis has been inconclusive. The present study investigated the relationship between reduced
At present we conduct a clinical study on four bearing combinations in hip arthroplasty. Our main purpose is to assess changes in
Aims: To determine the effect of fracture and immobilization on
Introduction: Knotless Suture Anchors provide numerous advantages in arthroscopic rotator-cuff (RC) repair such as, reducing the difficulties of knot tying, reducing surgical exposure, thus decreasing morbidity. The purpose of this in-vitro study was to compare the pull-out strength of three new knotless suture anchors in correlation with bone quality using the following anchors: Opus Magnum 2 -ArthroCare Co., USA; Push Lock and Swivel Lock -Arthrex Inc., USA. Material &
Methods: Ten healthy and ten osteopenic macroscopically intact humeri with an average age of 51.7 and 79.5 years, respectively, were loaded with the three knotless suture anchors according to the manufacturers’ description. The healthy humeri had a mean trabecular BMD of 152.77 mgCa-HA/ml. The osteopenic humeri had a mean trabecular