Aim. Nail
Introduction. The degree of cartilage degeneration assessed intraoperatively may not be sufficient as a criterion for patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, single-photon emission tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) is useful for detecting osteoarthritic involvement deeper in the subchondral bone. The purpose of the study was to determine whether SPECT/CT reflected the cartilage lesion underneath the
Introduction & aims. Resurfacing of the
Patello-femoral arthritis can result in a considerable thinning of the
Introduction. The trochlea of a typical patellofemoral replacement or anterior flange of a total knee replacement usually extends past the natural trochlea and continues onto the femoral anterior cortex. One reason for this is that it allows a simple
Introduction.
Aim. To assess if there is a reproducible relationship between the width and thickness of the normal
Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine whether
Abstract. Objectives. The outcomes from patella fracture have remained dissatisfactory despite advances in treatment, especially from operative fixation1. Frequently, reoperation is required following open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of the
Aims. The mid-term results of kinematic alignment (KA) for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using image derived instrumentation (IDI) have not been reported in detail, and questions remain regarding ligamentous stability and revisions. This paper aims to address the following: 1) what is the distribution of alignment of KA TKAs using IDI; 2) is a TKA alignment category associated with increased risk of failure or poor patient outcomes; 3) does extending limb alignment lead to changes in soft-tissue laxity; and 4) what is the five-year survivorship and outcomes of KA TKA using IDI?. Methods. A prospective, multicentre, trial enrolled 100 patients undergoing KA TKA using IDI, with follow-up to five years. Alignment measures were conducted pre- and postoperatively to assess constitutional alignment and final implant position. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) of pain and function were also included. The Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Arthroplasty Registry was used to assess survivorship. Results. The postoperative HKA distribution varied from 9° varus to 11° valgus. All PROMs showed statistical improvements at one year (p < 0.001), with further improvements at five years for Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Score symptoms (p = 0.041) and Forgotten Joint Score (p = 0.011). Correlation analysis showed no difference (p = 0.610) between the hip-knee-ankle and joint line congruence angle at one and five years. Sub-group analysis showed no difference in PROMs for patients placed within 3° of neutral compared to those placed > 3°. There were no revisions for tibial loosening; however, there were reports of a higher incidence of poor
Aims. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between changes in patellar height and clinical outcomes at a mean follow-up of 7.7 years (5 to 10) after fixed-bearing posterior-stabilized total knee arthroplasty (PS-TKA). Methods. We retrospectively evaluated knee radiographs of 165 knees, which underwent fixed-bearing PS-TKA with
Recognized anatomic variations that lead to
Abstract. Objectives. The aim of this study was to develop an in vitro GAG-depleted
Introduction: In this study the optimal angle of fixation or splintage for partially weight bearing fractures of the
Background:
Abstract. Introduction. There is growing interest in the use of robotic Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) to improve accuracy of component positioning. This is the first study to investigate the radiological accuracy of implant component position using the ROSA® knee system with specific reference to Joint Line Height, Tibial Slope,
Aims. The rate of day-case total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in the UK is currently approximately 0.5%. Reducing length of stay allows orthopaedic providers to improve efficiency, increase operative throughput, and tackle the rising demand for joint arthroplasty surgery and the COVID-19-related backlog. Here, we report safe delivery of day-case TKA in an NHS trust via inpatient wards with no additional resources. Methods. Day-case TKAs, defined as patients discharged on the same calendar day as surgery, were retrospectively reviewed with a minimum follow-up of six months. Analysis of hospital and primary care records was performed to determine readmission and reattendance rates. Telephone interviews were conducted to determine patient satisfaction. Results. Since 2016, 301/7350 TKAs (4.1%) in 290 patients at our institution were discharged on the day of surgery. Mean follow-up was 31.4 months (6.2 to 70.0). In all, 28 patients (9.3%) attended the emergency department or other acute care settings within 90 days of surgery, most often with wound concerns or leg swelling; six patients (2.0%) were readmitted. No patients underwent a subsequent revision procedure, and there were no periprosthetic infections. Two patients (0.7%) underwent secondary
“The shortest distance between two points is a straight line.” This explains many cases of patellar maltracking, when the patellar track is visualised in three dimensions. The three-dimensional view means that rotation of the tibia and femur during flexion and extension, as well as rotational positioning of the tibial and femoral components are extremely important. As the extensor is loaded, the
Abstract. Introduction. Isolated patellofemoral joint(PFJ) osteoarthritis affects approximately 10% of patients aged over 40 years and treatment remains controversial. Our aim was to evaluate long term functional and radiological outcomes following PFJ arthorplasty with the Femoro
It is a not so uncommon clinical scenario: well-fixed, well-aligned, balanced total knee arthroplasty with continued pain. However, radiographs also demonstrate an unresurfaced
Treatment of simple and complex patella fractures represents a challenging clinical problem. Controversy exists regarding the most appropriate fixation method. Tension band wiring, aiming to convert the pulling forces on the anterior aspect of the
Resurfacing the
Abstract. A study was done to test the strength of various configurations of tension band wiring (TBW) and we report clinical results of ‘Horizontal Figure of Eight TBW’ (H – 8 TBW). In an experimental lab, a model of the fractured
We retrospectively analysed the MR scans of 25 patients with patellofemoral dysplasia and ten control subjects, to assess whether there was any change in the morphology of the
The decision to resurface the
Maltracking of the
Whether to resurface the
Functional restoration of
Purpose. In vivo comparative gap measurements were performed in 3 different
Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the shape of
OBJECTIVES. The use of a mobile bearing has been suggested to decrease the rate of patellar complications after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, to resurface or retain the native
1346 Primary TKR’s were evaluated. In keeping with the principle of Insall all
To resurface or not to resurface the patella… that is the question. It all comes down to where you practice. It is controversial in that there is a risk of possible complications from resurfacing versus the potential for simply having complaints of pain which may supposedly arise from the anterior knee stemming from the unresurfaced
Patellofemoral symptoms are a prominent cause of dissatisfaction following knee arthroplasty. This may relate to difficulty in knowing where to resect the bone and in placing prosthetic components to reproduce the anatomy accurately. This study developed geometrical data to facilitate these procedures during TKR. Thirty CT scans of patients above the age of 55 without patellofemoral disease were performed. Three dimensional images were reconstructed using computer software that enabled manipulation of these images and measurements to be taken. These models allowed the shape of the
In the knee, involvement is mainly synovial, with local extension eroding the bone. Pure tuberculous osteitis is rare, with a few occasional reports.
The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that
Introduction. The metal-backed
BACKGROUND.
We describe our experience with the ‘four-in-one’ procedure for habitual dislocation of the
In 1995 in the Journal of Skeletal Radiology the article “CT determination of tibial tubercle lateralization in patients presenting with anterior knee pain” was published. My astute Perth colleagues recognised the significance of this article and drew it to my attention on one of my regular visits to my training home town. For me, this serendipity was very significant. The principles that I have used have not changed in the last twelve years and hopefully sharing this experience may be helpful to you. Principles of CT extensor mechanism assessment. 20° of flexion is the critical point for assessment of
Treatment of both simple and complex patella fractures is a challenging clinical problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the biomechanical performance of recently developed lateral rim variable angle locking plates versus tension band wiring used for fixation of simple and complex patella fractures. Twelve pairs of human anatomical knees were used to simulate either two-part transverse simple AO/OTA 34C1 or five-part complex AO/OTA 34C3 patella fractures by means of osteotomies, with each fracture model created in six pairs. The complex fracture pattern was characterized by a medial and a lateral proximal fragment, together with an inferomedial, an inferolateral, and an inferior fragment mimicking comminution around the distal patellar pole. The specimens with simple fractures were pairwise assigned for fixation with either tension band wiring through two parallel cannulated screws, or a lateral rim variable angle locking plate. The knees with complex fractures were pairwise treated with either tension band wiring through two parallel cannulated screws plus circumferential cerclage wiring, or a lateral rim variable angle locking plate. Each specimen was tested over 5000 cycles by pulling on the quadriceps tendon, simulating active knee extension and passive knee flexion within the range of 90° flexion to full knee extension. Interfragmentary movements were captured via motion tracking. For both fracture types, the longitudinal and shear articular displacements measured between the proximal and distal fragments at the central
We used three-dimensional movement analysis by computer modelling of knee flexion from 0° to 50° in 14 knees in 12 patients with recurrent patellar dislocation and in 15 knees in ten normal control subjects to compare the in vivo three-dimensional movement of the
1. Two cases of haemangioma of the
Purpose of Study: To develop a non-invasive technique to assess and analyse
INTRODUCTION. Patellar tendon (PT) autograft is an excellent choice repairing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures. Published studies testing the biomechanical characteristics after plasty usually refer to grafts with 10mm wide. The thickness of PT and geometry of the
Patients with spastic diplegia who walk with a crouched posture often suffer from anterior knee pain, thought to be due to cephalad displacement of the
Patello-femoral instability (PFI) affects 40 individuals per 100,000 population and causes significant morbidity. The causes of patello-femoral instability are multi-factorial, and an isolated anatomical abnormality does not necessarily indicate instability. Patello-femoral subluxation ranges from 0% (stable
This study was aimed to develop a non-invasive technique to analyse motion of the
Congenital dislocation of the
Patellofemoral complaints are the common and nagging problem after Total Knee Arthroplasty. Crepitus occurs in 5% to over 20% of knee arthroplasty procedure depending on the type of implant chosen. It is caused by periarticular scar formation with microscopic and gross findings indicating inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia. Crepitus if often asymptomatic and not painful, but in some cases can cause pain.
Most common complication of non-navigated classic total knee arthroplasty (TKA) relates to
Introduction. Differing descriptions of patellar motion relative to the femur have resulted from many in-vitro and in-vivo studies. The aim of this study was to examine the tracking behaviour of the
Compromised
The aim of this study was to establish consensus statements on medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction, anteromedialization tibial tubercle osteotomy, trochleoplasty, and rehabilitation and return to sporting activity in patients with patellar instability, using the modified Delphi process. This was the second part of a study dealing with these aspects of management in these patients. As in part I, a total of 60 surgeons from 11 countries contributed to the development of consensus statements based on their expertise in this area. They were assigned to one of seven working groups defined by subtopics of interest. Consensus was defined as achieving between 80% and 89% agreement, strong consensus was defined as between 90% and 99% agreement, and 100% agreement was considered unanimous.Aims
Methods
Background. Recurrent patellar dislocation in combination with cartilage injures are difficult injuries to treat with confounding pathways of treatment. The aim of this study is to compare the clinical and functional outcomes of patients operated for patellofemoral instability with and without cartilage defects. Methods. 82 patients (mean age-28.8 years) with recurrent patellar dislocations, who underwent soft-tissue or bony procedures, were divided into 2 matched groups (age, sex, follow-up and type of procedure) of 41 each based on the presence or absence of cartilage defects in
Functional restoration of
Differing descriptions of patellar motion relative to the femur have resulted from many in-vitro and in-vivo studies. The aim of this study was to examine the tracking behaviour of the
We carried out three total knee replacements with proximal realignment in two patients with severe osteoarthritis of the knee and congenital dislocation of the
The most commonly used surgical techniques used to treat recurrent or habitual patellar dislocation in the child do not specifically address the
Fifty-five patients were assessed with a minimum of five- year follow up. Patients in this study underwent initial conservative treatment consisting of twelve months of physio. Those patients who continued to have recurrent instability underwent surgery. Only patients without rotational abnormalities of the femur were included. Tibial rotational was assessed geriometrically, with the degree of external rotation corrected to 20 – 23°. Those patients with associated
Anterior knee pain following primary total knee replacement (TKR) is a common problem with average reported rates in the literature of approximately 10%. Symptoms are frequently attributed to the patellofemoral joint, and the treatment of the
We conducted a prospective, randomised and double blinded study to observe the recovery of knee function in 50 patients undergoing knee replacement with or without
We have evaluated the function of a trabecular metal augmentation
We have evaluated the function of a trabecular metal augmentation
Introduction. Potential implant and technique related factors to improve patellofemoral (PF) kinematics in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are design of trochlear geometry and
The June 2023 Knee Roundup360 looks at: Cementless total knee arthroplasty is associated with early aseptic loosening in a large national database; Is cementless total knee arthroplasty safe in females aged over 75 years?; Could novel radiological findings help identify aseptic tibial loosening?; The Attune cementless versus LCS arthroplasty at introduction; Return to work following total knee arthroplasty and unicompartmental knee arthroplasty; Complications and downsides of the robotic total knee arthroplasty; Mid-flexion instability in kinematic alignment better with posterior-stabilized and medial-stabilized implants?; Patellar resurfacing does not improve outcomes in modern knees.
Patellofemoral problems represent a significant source of morbidity following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Patellofemoral biomechanics and contact stress following TKA depends (among other factors) upon the position of the
Introduction. Habitual dislocation of the
Introduction and Aims: External tibial torsion associated with an increased ‘Q’ angle is an important factor in recurrent
Introduction. Uncemented highly porous titanium implants have been shown to promote osseointegration, and may result in a durable construct for total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Given the mixed results of uncemented TKA, it is important to evaluate the early stability for this product. The objective of the following study was to use radiostereometric analysis (RSA) to assess early fixation of a highly porous tibial baseplate and metal backed
We retrospectively reviewed the operative treatment carried out between 1988 and 1994 of eight patients with habitual patellar dislocation. In four the condition was bilateral. All patients had recurrent dislocation with severe functional disability. The surgical technique involved distal advancement of the
INTRODUCTION: In total knee arthroplasty (TKA) it still remains undecided whether the
The Insall-Salvati method of determining the position of the
The prevalence of anterior knee pain in the general population is relatively high. Patellar height, and more specific
1. A series of 196 fractures of the
An inquiry was made of ninety-seven patients with recurrent dislocation of the
Malfunctioning of Total Knee Replacements is often related to patella-femoral problems. As the
Chondral defects on the
Background: Correct ligament balance is a critical factor in both cruciate retaining and substituting total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Due to a lack in current tools, however, little data exists on gap kinematics with the
This study aimed to describe the use of revision knee arthroplasty in Australia and examine changes in lifetime risk over a decade. De-identified individual-level data on all revision knee arthroplasties performed in Australia from 2007 to 2017 were obtained from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry. Population data and life tables were obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics. The lifetime risk of revision surgery was calculated for each year using a standardized formula. Separate calculations were undertaken for males and females.Aims
Methods
In recent years tribological development of knee replacement impants has beeen introduced with several benefits. However, concomitant problems were noticed following widespread use. High-flexion total knee replacement (PFC RPF DePuy) has been developed with a view to improve flexion and the design is expected to have a better patello-femoral biomechanics. However, high secondary
1. Seventy-seven operations on the
Patellectomized knees often perform poorly with respect to extensor mechanism function. Reconstruction options and literature reports are limited. The purpose of this study was to describe and review bone graft
Osteochondral fractures of the
Purpose To evaluate the kinetic and kinematic function of a new trabecular metal augmentation
An electromyographic investigation of patients with subluxation of the
Introduction: The indications for patellectomy have been considerably narrowed in recent years, but there remains a cohort of patients with previous patellectomies that remain symptomatic. In addition, these patients can develop osteoarthrosis or instability, and their treatment is challenging. We report our experience of the use of a novel implant to substitute for the absent native
Purpose of the study: Congenital dislocation of the
We reviewed 13 cases of osteochondritis dissecans of the
Purpose of the study. To determine the outcome after the Semi-tendinosis tendon was used in reconstruction of the Medial Patella-femoral ligament using a fixed dynamic stabilising structure. Method. The Adductor Magnus tendon insertion at the Adductor tubercle of the medial femoral condyle was used as a dynamic and fixed stabilising point preventing
Purpose. Investigate the functional outcome of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) surgery for
1. A study has been made of the blood supply of the human
1. Chondromalacia, sometimes a precursor of osteoarthritis, is present in the articular cartilage of the
Twenty four operations were reviewed in 23 patients to show a modified Roux-Goldthwait operation would improve the symptoms of chronic
The LCS RPS knee system is based on the successful LCS mobile bearing prosthesis, and has been introduced with the intention of improving post-operative knee flexion. The aim of this study is to report a high incidence of significant patellofemoral crepitus when this prosthesis is used without