Background.
The authors present the results of a cohort study of 60 adult
patients presenting sequentially over a period of 15 years from
1997 to 2012 to our hospital for treatment of thoracic and/or lumbar
vertebral burst fractures, but without neurological deficit. All patients were treated by early mobilisation within the limits
of pain, early bracing for patient confidence and all progress in
mobilisation was recorded on video. Initial hospital stay was one
week. Subsequent reviews were made on an outpatient basis. Aims
Method
Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the functional and radiographic results of these two surgical techniques using a prospective study. Material and methods: This study involved two consecutive series of 70 patients with a posterior fracture of the distal radius. Mixed multiple pinning (MMP) consisted in the combination of two styloid pins and two infrafocal dorsal pins. The anterior plate was a locked ITS. The patients decided when it was appropriate to wear a brace postoperatively. Functional assessment used the range of motion, the Quick DASH score, and a self-evaluation of the number of days the brace was worn. Ulnar variance, sagittal and frontal inclination of the radial epiphysis were measured pre- and postoperatively at 45 days. Results: At mean follow-up of 11.8 months (3–34), the functional outcome was comparable in the two groups but the patients with a plate fixation wore the brace less. Radiographically, there was no loss of final reduction with the plate fixation whereas with the pinning, there was a progressive loss of ulnar variance and less than 2% over-reduction. Major complications (tendon tears, nerve injury) were less frequent with pinning. Conclusion: Globally, plate fixation enabled more
The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the rate of recovery and eventual level of function following total hip arthroplasty (THA) and hip resurfacing. Participants were 47 patients who had undergone THA and 43 who had undergone hip resurfacing. In all cases medical records were reviewed and function assessed, using the Harris hip score, visual assessment of gait and a functional score. The rate of recovery, as measured by functional activities and range of motion, was notably better in patients who underwent hip resurfacing than in patients who underwent THA. No significant discrepancy was found in the presence of deformity and the levels of postoperative pain following either procedure. We conclude that the hip resurfacing procedure may have important advantages over conventional THA, including more
8 patients with cervical myelopathy treated by French-door laminoplasty and internal fixation. A novel technique of fixation is employed to provide immediate stability, pain relief and
Background: Circulating endothelial precursor cells (CEPS) are thought to play a role in postnatal angiogenesis. We investigated the angiogenic stress of musculoskeletal trauma on CEP kinetics in trauma patients and their bone marrow progenitor populations in a murine model. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PB-MNCs) were isolated from patients (n=12) on consecutive days following closed lower-limb diaphyseal fractures. CEP levels, defined by the surface expression patterns of VEGFR2, CD34 and AC133 were determined and cytokine analysis of collected serum was performed. Bone marrow precursors defined by Ly-6A/E and c-Kit expression were harvested following traumatic insult from the murine model and quantified on flow cytometry. Human and murine progenitor populations were cultured on fibronectin and examined for markers of endothelial cell linage (Ulexeuropaeus- agglutinin- 1 binding and acetylated-LDL uptake) and cell morphology. Statistical analysis was performed using variance analysis. Results: A consistent increase in human CEPs levels was noted within 72 hours of the initial insult, the percentage increase over day 1 reaching 300%. Conclusion: We propose that musculoskeletal trauma through the release of chemokines such as VEGF, promotes
One of the most commonly cited advantages of hip resurfacing is the technical ease of revision surgery on the femoral side of the joint. It is therefore reasonable to suggest that such surgery ought to be associated with reduced operative times, reduced blood loss and more
A wide variety of intra- and extramedullary devices for the treatment of trochanteric fractures has been described. The Percutaneous Compression Plate is a minimally invasive and extramedullary device, which requires two 2–2.5 cm long incisions with minimal dissection oft soft tissue on the lateral aspect of the proximal femur. Earlier studies indicated that internal fixation using the PCCP is associated with a decreased perioperative blood loss, reduced transfusion requirements, with less postoperative pain, more
Introduction Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is well established in the treatment of OA of the knee, but has not been performed in large numbers compared with total knee arthroplasty. However, with the development of minimally invasive surgery, numbers of procedures are increasing rapidly. This study examines the results of minimally invasive UKA performed by one surgeon since august 1998. Methods A consecutive series of 388 knees in 360 patients operated between August 1988 and February 2003 were evaluated using a prospective database. All surgeries were performed by the senior author using a minimally invasive technique in a day surgery unit. General anaesthesia was used in all cases with local anaesthesia intra-operatively, combined with an anaesthetic infusion pump. No patient received parenteral narcotics. Ninety-seven percent were medial and three percent were lateral arthroplasties. Results Post-operatively no patients were lost to follow-up which ranged from two months to 4.5 years. Average age was 66 years. The average IKS score improved from 75 to 158 post-operatively. Most patients retained their pre-operative range of motion which averaged 120°. Average length of stay was 1.57 days with 41% of patients discharged the same day. There were five failures, due in part to osteoporosis and overcorretion. These were revised successfully to a ‘primary’ type knee prosthesis. Satisfaction rate subjectively was 98%. Conclusions Mid term results of UKA using the Repicci technique of minimally invasive surgery with
Purpose of the study: Fractures of the metacarpals are common injuries generally observed in young males. Nailing, either with a centromedullary configuration or intermetacarpal construction is generally proposed. The nailing procedure nevertheless has its drawbacks: fracture instability, secondary displacement, pin migration, infection, requirement to remove material, injury to the cutaneous dorsal branch of the ulnar nerve, and most importantly, immobilisation for several weeks which is a major inconvenience for these young active patients. In this context, we wanted to compare two fixation systems: a locked plate versus centromedullary nailing. Material and methods: This was a retrospective comparison of consecutive patients from September 2007 to December 2008. The series included 39 cervical fractures of the fifth metacarpal in 39 patients aged 31 years on average. The first 19 patients were treated with a locked plate (Médartis. ®. ) (group A) and the 20 others with descending centromedullary nailing (group B). In group A, a dorsal approach respecting the dorsal cutaneous branch of the ulnar nerve was used. The technique consisted in insertion of distal locking screws enabling fracture reduction on the plate. No postoperative immobilisation was proposed and
Purpose. To study the initial presentation and subsequent investigation and management of acute knee dislocations at a regional trauma centre. Introduction. Knee dislocation requires high energy trauma, and often affects young working adults. The high incidence of associated arterial, neurological, ligamentous, and other soft tissue injuries, can produce potentially devastating outcomes.
Minimally invasive approaches to the hip may be divided into two categories: single mini-incisions derived from standard approaches and two-incision approaches designed specifically for minimally invasive total hip replacement. The authors have a number of specific concerns about the latter based on its apparent transgression of basic surgical principles and favour a mini-lateral approach to the hip which they describe and review. The two-incision approach requires two short (2–5cm) incisions from two different directions. Unlike other minimally invasive techniques, these incisions run close to the major neurovascular structures, which have been damaged. Visibility is limited as demonstrated by the need for navigation systems and illuminated retractors by some groups. Accurate resection of the femoral neck is obscured by the presence of the femoral head. Precise siting of the socket may be compromised by poor visibility. Most series accomodate only the use of uncemented components. Claims for more
Aims: Circulating endothelial precursor cells (CEPs) are thought to play a role in angiogenesis. We investigated the angiogenic stress of musculoskeletal trauma on CEP kinetics in trauma patients and their bone marrow progenitor populations in a murine model. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PB-MNCs) were isolated from patients (n=12) on consecutive days following closed lower-limb diaphyseal fractures. CEP levels, deþned by the surface expression patterns of VEGFR2, CD34 and AC133 were determined and cytokine analysis of collected serum was performed. Bonemarrow precursors deþned byLy-6A/E and c-Kit expression were harvested following the traumatic insult from the murine model and quantiþed on ßow cytometry. Human and murine progenitor populations were cultured on þbronectin and examined for markers of endothelial cell lineage (Ulexeuropaeus- agglutinin-1 binding and acetylated-LDL uptake) and cell morphology. Statistical analysis was performed using variance analysis. Results: A consistent increase in human CEPs levels was noted within 72 hours of the initial insult, the percentage increase over day 1 reaching 300% (p=0.008) and returning to normal levels by day 10. Murine bone marrow precursors were mobilisd within 24 hrs peaking at 48hrs (900% p=0.035). On culture, morphologically characteristic endotheliallike cells binding UEA-1 and incorporating LDL were identiþed. Serum VEGF levels increased signiþcantly within 24 hrs of the insult, (p=0.018) preceeding the peak in CEP mobilisation. Conclusion: We propose that musculoskeletal trauma through the release of chemokines such as VEGF, promotes
It is important to optimise not only the operative treatment, but also the general medical condition of hip fracture patients to achieve the best rehabilitation result. Patients with a hip fracture are old and often suffer from concomitant diseases. They are prone to be affected by complications such as pneumonia, urinary tract infection and pressure ulcers. The total treatment situation with sufficient intake of food and drink, pain management, prevention of pressure ulcers and a rapid handling from arrival at the Acute and Emergency unit until the patient has been operated is crucial. We have studied the nutrition and drink in patients with a hip fracture and in spite of repeated instructions to eat and drink sufficiently the patients with the hospital standard food achieve only 54% of their optimum energy needs and 64% of the fluid necessary. With an extra addition of nourishment to the hospital food the total energy and fluid intake reach almost the calculated level of need for these patients. The amount of complications, particularly infections, were significantly lower in the well nourished group. We have also started to optimise the immediate acute treatment and already in the ambulance the patients now receive pain treatment, intravenous fluid and oxygene administration. The patients receive 3 litres of oxygene/min preoperatively and the first days postoperatively. The waiting time on hard surfaces has diminished through change of mattresses, but also with a much more rapid handling time through the X-ray department and the Emergency department. Routines have changed so the patients will not have to return to the Acute and Emergency after X-ray. Instead they are transported directly to the orthopaedic ward. Furthermore, the patients are given a higher priority in the waiting list among the acute surgery cases. All patients are evaluated for the risk of development of pressure ulcers and those at risk get special mattresses. With these measures the development of pressure ulcers during the time in hospitals has diminished by half. Special attention is also given to the patients’ mental status. At admission to hospital one third of the patients are not lucid. All these factors are of major importance for the
Introduction and Aims: Orthopaedic oncologists are often consulted regarding problems involving salvage of the distal femur due to bone loss, non-unions, infections. In young patients, extensive bony reconstruction is often necessary; in elderly, low demand patients, replacement with an endoprosthetic device results in decreased surgical time and more
Introduction: The management of thoraco-lumbar burst fractures remains controversial. Different authors have advocated immobilisation, external bracing or internal fixation by either anterior or posterior approaches. Advocates of posterior fixation have in general performed stabilisation one level above and one level below the site of the fracture, resulting in fixation of two motion segments. It is known that multi-segmental spinal fusion produces undesirable biomechanics. To stabilise the site of the fracture and avoid unnecessary fixation of an uninjured segment the senior author (T.S.) for selected patients has been using a novel technique of monosegmental fixation with placement of pedicle screws directly into the fractured vertebral body. Methods: All patients with thoraco-lumbar burst fractures admitted to St Vincents and Concord Hospitals between January 2001 and October 2003 were considered for monosegmental fixation. Patients with severe osteoporosis or complete loss of vertebral body height (“vertebra plana”) were excluded. All patients underwent surgical decompression and fixation within 10 days of injury. Fixation was obtained with 4 titanium pedicle screws and a single transverse connector (Xia System Stryker Spine). Reduction of kyphotic deformity was carried out in selected patients. Average blood loss for the procedure was 250 ml with no patients requiring transfusion. All patients had a minimum of 6 months radiological and clinical follow-up. Results: Since January 2001, 18 patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures (T10-L2) were treated with single-level pedicle screw fixation. All patients were mobilised within 10 days of surgery. One patient experienced a minor superficial wound infection. There were no other postoperative complications. All patients had a stable fusion construct at 6 weeks following surgery. No patient experienced neurological deficit or have developed a delayed kyphotic deformity. There were no instances of instrument failure. 17 out of 18 patients report no significant back pain with any limitation of function by three months following surgery. One patient reports mild mechanical lower back pain 12 months following the injury. Discussion: Single level fixation for selected cases of thoracolumbar burst fracture is a safe and effective procedure to decompress the neural elements and obtain fixation and fusion of the fractured segment. It allows for
We have observed clinical cases where bone is formed in the overlaying muscle covering surgically created bone defects treated with a hydroxyapatite/calcium sulphate biomaterial. Our objective was to investigate the osteoinductive potential of the biomaterial and to determine if growth factors secreted from local bone cells induce osteoblastic differentiation of muscle cells. We seeded mouse skeletal muscle cells C2C12 on the hydroxyapatite/calcium sulphate biomaterial and the phenotype of the cells was analysed. To mimic surgical conditions with leakage of extra cellular matrix (ECM) proteins and growth factors, we cultured rat bone cells ROS 17/2.8 in a bioreactor and harvested the secreted proteins. The secretome was added to rat muscle cells L6. The phenotype of the muscle cells after treatment with the media was assessed using immunostaining and light microscopy.Objectives
Materials and Methods
A national, multi-centre study was designed in
which a questionnaire quantifying the degree of patient satisfaction
and residual symptoms in patients following total knee replacement
(TKR) was administered by an independent, blinded third party survey
centre. A total of 90% of patients reported satisfaction with the
overall functioning of their knee, but 66% felt their knee to be
‘normal’, with the reported incidence of residual symptoms and functional
problems ranging from 33% to 54%. Female patients and patients from
low-income households had increased odds of reporting dissatisfaction.
Neither the use of contemporary implant designs (gender-specific,
high-flex, rotating platform) or custom cutting guides (CCG) with
a neutral mechanical axis target improved patient-perceived outcomes.
However, use of a CCG to perform a so-called kinematically aligned
TKR showed a trend towards more patients reporting their knee to
feel ‘normal’ when compared with a so called mechanically aligned
TKR This data shows a degree of dissatisfaction and residual symptoms
following TKR, and that several recent modifications in implant
design and surgical technique have not improved the current situation. Cite this article: