Aims. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the rate of conversion to surgical
Aims. Outcomes of current operative treatments for arthrofibrosis after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are not consistently positive or predictable. Pharmacological in vivo studies have focused mostly on prevention of arthrofibrosis. This study used a rabbit model to evaluate intra-articular (IA) effects of celecoxib in treating contracted knees alone, or in combination with capsular
Despite advancements, revision rates following total ankle replacement (TAR) are high in comparison to other total joint replacements. This explant analysis study aimed to investigate whether there was appreciable metal particulate debris
Aims. Surgical approaches that claim to be minimally invasive, such as the direct anterior approach (DAA), are reported to have a clinical advantage, but are technically challenging and may create more injury to the soft-tissues during joint exposure. Our aim was to quantify the effect of soft-tissue releases on the joint torque and femoral mobility during joint exposure for hip resurfacing performed via the DAA. Methods. Nine fresh-frozen hip joints from five pelvis to mid-tibia cadaveric specimens were approached using the DAA. A custom fixture consisting of a six-axis force/torque sensor and motion sensor was attached to tibial diaphysis to measure manually applied torques and joint angles by the surgeon. Following dislocation, the torques generated to visualize the acetabulum and proximal femur were assessed after sequential
Recent studies suggested that both the soluble protein of the mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) secretome, as well as the secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) promote bone regeneration. However, there is limited knowledge of the changes in MSC secretome vesicular fraction during aging. We therefore aimed to characterize the
Aim. Local antibiotics
ZrN-multilayer coating is clinically well established in total knee arthroplasty [1-3] and has demonstrated significant reduction in polyethylene wear and metal ion
Introduction and Objective. The continued effectiveness of antibiotic loaded bone cements is threatened by antibiotic resistance. The common antiseptic, chlorhexidine (CHX), is a potential alternative to antibiotics in bone cements, but conventional salts are highly soluble, causing burst
Aims. There is a lack of biomaterial-based carriers for the local delivery of rifampicin (RIF), one of the cornerstone second defence antibiotics for bone infections. RIF is also known for causing rapid development of antibiotic resistance when given as monotherapy. This in vitro study evaluated a clinically used biphasic calcium sulphate/hydroxyapatite (CaS/HA) biomaterial as a carrier for dual delivery of RIF with vancomycin (VAN) or gentamicin (GEN). Methods. The CaS/HA composites containing RIF/GEN/VAN, either alone or in combination, were first prepared and their injectability, setting time, and antibiotic elution profiles were assessed. Using a continuous disk diffusion assay, the antibacterial behaviour of the material was tested on both planktonic and biofilm-embedded forms of standard and clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus for 28 days. Development of bacterial resistance to RIF was determined by exposing the biofilm-embedded bacteria continuously to
In this study we evaluated the results of midtarsal
release and open reduction for the treatment of children with convex
congenital foot (CCF) (vertical talus) and compared them with the
published results of peritalar
Introduction. Circumferential periosteal
Abstract. Introduction. Several studies have reported significant cobalt(Co) and chromium(Cr) elevations in the blood of patients with total-knee-replacements (TKRs), and histological signs of metal sensitivity have been reported in up to 44% of patients undergoing revision of their TKRs. We carried out this investigation to determine the source and quantity of metal
Background. Intraoperative balancing of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can be accomplished by either more prevalent but less predictable soft tissue
Aim. Allograft bone chips used in complex bone reconstruction procedures are associated with an increased infection risk. The perioperative use of systemic cefazolin is standard to prevent infection, but is less effective in the presence of avascular bone grafts. Bone chips have been described as a carrier for local delivery of antibiotics, but impregnation with cefazolin in a prophylactic setting has not been described. We aimed to obtain a prolonged cefazolin
The direct anterior (DA) approach for total hip arthroplasty (THA) has become increasingly popular in North America. With experience, exposure of both the acetabulum and femur can be achieved similar to those in other approaches. In cases of difficult femoral exposure, the conjoint tendon of the short external rotators can be
Introduction. W. ide . A. wake . L. ocal . A. naesthetic . N. o . T. ourniquet (WALANT) is a well- established day case procedure for carpal tunnel
Introduction. In total knee arthroplasty (TKA) the knee may be found to be too stiff in extension, causing a flexion contracture. One proposed surgical technique to correct this extension deficit is to recut the distal femur, but that may lead to excessively raising the joint line. Alternatively, full extension may be gained by stripping the posterior capsule from its femoral attachment, however if this
Aims. This study aimed to determine if macrophages can attach and directly affect the oxide layers of 316L stainless steel, titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V), and cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy (CoCrMo) by
Introduction. The purpose of the study was to assess the clinical outcomes of an algorithm for soft tissue femoral
Total knee arthroplasty has been the main treatment method among advanced osteoarthritis (OA) patients. The main post-operative evaluation considers the level of pain, stability and range of motion (ROM). The knee flexion level is one of the most important categories in the total knee arthroplasty patient's satisfaction in Asian countries due to consistent habits of floor-sitting, squating, kneeling and cross legged sitting. In this study, we discovered that the posterior capsular
Objectives. Bioresorbable orthopaedic devices with calcium phosphate (CaP) fillers are commercially available on the assumption that increased calcium (Ca) locally drives new bone formation, but the clinical benefits are unknown. Electron beam (EB) irradiation of polymer devices has been shown to enhance the
Objectives. The length of the tourniquet time during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is related to the incidence of post-operative deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Our aim in this study was to investigate the effect of the early
Background. Intraoperative balancing can be accomplished by either more prevalent but less predictable soft tissue
The recent description of progenitor/stem cells in degenerated intervertebral discs (IVDs) raised the possibility of harnessing their regenerative capacity for endogenous repair. The aim of this work is to develop an intradiscal polysaccharide microbead-based delivery system for the sequential
Introduction. Metal-on-metal bearings (MoM) have been reported to
The extent of soft-tissue release and the exact structures that need to be
Introduction and Objective. Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a very common compressive neuropathy involving the median nerve. The typical symptoms are paraesthesia, dysesthesia and loss of strength; in severe case, this compression deteriorates the sensorimotor control of the hand and interferes with the adjustment of the forces at the level of the fingers, thus affecting the components that are the basis of dexterity and control of fine movements. For these reasons, the CTS has repercussions on various activities of daily life, including writing skills. Word processing via PC and mobile device (touch-typing) require a fine control of the hand-wrist movement and of the opposition of the thumb, while in handwriting, gripping and gripping movements are carried out in a protracted manner. In modern society, present skills play a role of fundamental importance from an educational, professional and social point of view. The aim of the study is to describe the effects of carpal tunnel
To prevent infections after orthopedic surgery, intravenous antibiotics are administered perioperatively. Cefazolin is widely used as the prophylactic antibiotic of choice. Systemic antibiotic therapy may however be less effective in longstanding surgery where bone allografts are used. Bone chips have been shown to be an effective carrier for certain types of antibiotics. Bone allografts impregnated with antibiotics may therefore provide the necessary local antibiotic levels for prophylaxis. To be efficient, a prolonged
Aim. To prevent infections after orthopaedic surgery, intravenous antibiotics are administered perioperatively. Cefazolin is widely used as the prophylactic antibiotic of choice. Systemic antibiotic therapy may however be less effective in longstanding surgery where bone allografts are used. Bone chips have been shown to be an effective carrier for certain types of antibiotics and may provide the necessary local antibiotic levels for prophylaxis. To be efficient a prolonged
Aseptic loosening is a major cause of revision surgeries and occurs when osteolysis is stimulated around the implant by pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β. Production of active IL-1β in response to orthopedic wear particles depends on processing by the NLRP3 inflammasome which requires priming followed by activation. We found that pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) adherent to wear particles are necessary to prime the NLRP3 inflammasome. In contrast, in pre-primed macrophages, particles themselves are sufficient to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome and induce secretion of active IL-1β. Particles themselves also induce cell death, kinetically preceding the
Articular cartilage is often damaged, and its treatment is usually performed by surgical operation. Today, tissue engineering offers an alternative treatment option for injuries or diseases with increasing importance. Infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) is a densely vascularized and innervated extra synovial tissue that fills the anterior knee compartment. Adipose-derived stem cells from infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP-ASCs) have multipotency means that they can differentiate into connective tissue cells and have age-independent differentiation capacity as compared to other stem cells. In this study, the osteochondral tissue construct was designed with different inner pattern due to original osteochondral tissue structure and fabrication of it was carried out by 3D printing. For this purpose, alginate (3% w/v) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) (9%w /v) were used as bioink. Also, IPFP-ASCs were isolated with enzymatic degradation. Osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of IPFP-ASCs were investigated with Alizarin Red and Alcian Blue staining, respectively. IPFP-ASCs-laden osteochondral graft differentiation will be induced by controlled
Introduction. Well-balanced soft tissue is essential for achieving a good result when performing total knee arthroplasty. The preoperative planning is critical for ensuring a good operation. This study evaluated the preoperative distractive stress radiographs in order to quantify and predict the extent of medial
Introduction. Dual modular hip prostheses were introduced to optimize the individual and intra-surgical adaptation of the implant design to the native anatomics und biomechanics of the hip. The downside of a modular implant design with an additional modular interface is the potential susceptibility to fretting, crevice corrosion and wear [1–2]. The purpose of this study was to characterize the metal ion
Endoscopic carpal tunnel
Background. The doses of local rhBMP-2 in commercially available materials are high with known drawbacks such as inflammation and premature bone resorption. The latter can be prevented by adding bisphosphonates like zoledronic acid (ZA) but systemic ZA has side effects and patient adherence to treatment is low. In a recent study, we have shown that local co-delivery of rhBMP-2 and ZA via a calcium sulphate/hydroxyapatite (CS-HA) biomaterial can be used to regenerate both cortical and trabecular bone in a rat model of metaphyseal bone defect. Even low doses of local ZA in the biomaterial showed promising results and increased bone formation within the defect compared to the controls. A step before clinical translation of the local treatment regimen is to evaluate the in-vivo
Purpose. Surgeons sometimes encounter moderate or severe varus deformed osteoarthritic cases in which medial substantial
Introduction: During total knee arthroplasty (TKA),
The requirement for
Aim. Chronic osteomyelitis often requires surgical debridement and local antibiotic treatment. Disadvantages of PMMA carriers include low dose
Introduction. The convincible wisdom is that the
Introduction: Gastrocnemius contracture, as demonstrated by Silfverskiold’s test, is increasingly recognised as an underlying cause of painful disorders of the foot and ankle. Elevated pressure beneath the forefoot and symptoms in the hindfoot and ankle are produced as a result of the biomechanical imbalance. Adaptive shortening of the gastrocnemius can be treated by a supervised stretching program. Night splintage and serial casting are other useful non-operative treatments. Refractory cases may be considered for surgical
Aims. Animal models have been developed that allow simulation of post-traumatic joint contracture. One such model involves contracture-forming surgery followed by surgical capsular
Antibiotic-loaded bone cements are used to decrease occurrence of bone infections in cemented arthroplasties and actually being considered as a more cost-effective procedure when compared to cementless implants [1]. However, considering the challenge of treating device-associated infections there is a reduced number of formulations in the market. Response from the industry to medical need is still slow considering the rapid change in the infecting microbial profile and the emergence of multiresistant strains [2]. In this context, the aim of the work is to evaluate the role of lactose (L), as a porogen, on the antibiotic
Objective: To evaluate the impact of soft tissue
Many procedures have been described for the operative treatment of tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis). Arthroscopic tennis elbow
Objective: To evaluate the impact of soft tissue
Proximal
This study describes percutaneous method of tennis elbow
Hammer toe involves metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) hyperextension and proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) flexion. Surgery commonly involves excision arthroplasty or fusion of the PIPJ with MTPJ soft tissue
We describe the surgical technique and results of arthroscopic subtalar