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The Bone & Joint Journal
Vol. 102-B, Issue 11 | Pages 1574 - 1581
2 Nov 2020
Zhang S Sun J Liu C Fang J Xie H Ning B

Aims

The diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is challenging owing to extensive variation in paediatric pelvic anatomy. Artificial intelligence (AI) may represent an effective diagnostic tool for DDH. Here, we aimed to develop an anteroposterior pelvic radiograph deep learning system for diagnosing DDH in children and analyze the feasibility of its application.

Methods

In total, 10,219 anteroposterior pelvic radiographs were retrospectively collected from April 2014 to December 2018. Clinicians labelled each radiograph using a uniform standard method. Radiographs were grouped according to age and into ‘dislocation’ (dislocation and subluxation) and ‘non-dislocation’ (normal cases and those with dysplasia of the acetabulum) groups based on clinical diagnosis. The deep learning system was trained and optimized using 9,081 radiographs; 1,138 test radiographs were then used to compare the diagnoses made by deep learning system and clinicians. The accuracy of the deep learning system was determined using a receiver operating characteristic curve, and the consistency of acetabular index measurements was evaluated using Bland-Altman plots.


Bone & Joint Research
Vol. 9, Issue 10 | Pages 675 - 688
1 Oct 2020
Shao L Gou Y Fang J Hu Y Lian Q Zhang Y Wang Y Tian F Zhang L

Aims

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) (1-34) exhibits potential in preventing degeneration in both cartilage and subchondral bone in osteoarthritis (OA) development. We assessed the effects of PTH (1-34) at different concentrations on bone and cartilage metabolism in a collagenase-induced mouse model of OA and examined whether PTH (1-34) affects the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway in this process.

Methods

Collagenase-induced OA was established in C57Bl/6 mice. Therapy with PTH (1-34) (10 μg/kg/day or 40 μg/kg/day) was initiated immediately after surgery and continued for six weeks. Cartilage pathology was evaluated by gross visual, histology, and immunohistochemical assessments. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by TUNEL staining. Microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) was used to evaluate the bone mass and the microarchitecture in subchondral bone.


Orthopaedic Proceedings
Vol. 87-B, Issue SUPP_III | Pages 300 - 300
1 Sep 2005
Leong A Fang J Lu Z Diwan A Turnbull A
Full Access

Introduction and Aims: There is good preliminary evidence that Bone Morphogenic Protein 7 (BMP-7) plays an integral role in fracture healing and metabolism of bone. It is not known, however, whether the implantation of an OP-1 device will enhance the rate of fracture healing in the presence of osteoporosis. The object of this study was to determine the effects of OP-1 on osteoporotic fracture healing in rats.

Method: An open fracture of the mid-shaft of the femur was created in 60, three months post-surgical ovarectomised female Sprague Dawley rats. Thirty rats had OP-1 device with CMC putty implanted into the fracture site and 30 rats had CMC putty implanted without OP-1. The fracture was stabilised with a 1.4mm K-wire. Muscle and skin closed. Ten rats from each group were sacrificed at three time points – 12, 20 and 31 days post-surgery, and bilateral femurs harvested. The fractured femurs were analysed by DEXA scanning, high-resolution radiography, cross-sectional area, biomechanical assessment and histology.

Results: There was a statistically significant acceleration of fracture healing with the use of OP-1 in DEXA, radiological, cross-sectional area and biomechanical analysis and a qualitative enhancement by histological analysis.

Conclusion: The results show that an OP-1 device can enhance fracture healing in the presence of osteoporosis in a rat.