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Bone & Joint Open
Vol. 3, Issue 3 | Pages 182 - 188
1 Mar 2022
Boktor J Badurudeen A Rijab Agha M Lewis PM Roberts G Hills R Johansen A White S

Aims

In UK there are around 76,000 hip fractures occur each year 10% to 15% of which are undisplaced intracapsular. There is considerable debate whether internal fixation is the most appropriate treatment for undisplaced fractures in older patients. This study describes cannulated hip screws survivorship analysis for patients aged ≥ 60 years with undisplaced intra-capsular fractures.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients aged ≥ 60 years who had cannulated screws fixation for Garden I and II fractures in a teaching hospital between March 2013 and March 2016. The primary outcome was further same-side hip surgery. Descriptive statistics were used and Kaplan-Meier estimates calculated for implant survival.


Bone & Joint Open
Vol. 2, Issue 5 | Pages 293 - 300
3 May 2021
Lewis PM Khan FJ Feathers JR Lewis MH Morris KH Waddell JP

Aims

“Get It Right First Time” (GIRFT) and NHS England’s Best Practice Tariff (BPT) have published directives advising that patients over the ages of 65 (GIRFT) and 69 years (BPT) receiving total hip arthroplasty (THA) should receive cemented implants and have brought in financial penalties if this policy is not observed. Despite this, worldwide, uncemented component use has increased, a situation described as a ‘paradox’. GIRFT and BPT do, however, acknowledge more data are required to support this edict with current policies based on the National Joint Registry survivorship and implant costs.

Methods

This study compares THA outcomes for over 1,000 uncemented Corail/Pinnacle constructs used in all age groups/patient frailty, under one surgeon, with identical pre- and postoperative pathways over a nine-year period with mean follow-up of five years and two months (range: nine months to nine years and nine months). Implant information, survivorship, and regular postoperative Oxford Hip Scores (OHS) were collected and two comparisons undertaken: a comparison of those aged over 65 years with those 65 and under and a second comparison of those aged 70 years and over with those aged under 70.


Bone & Joint Open
Vol. 1, Issue 6 | Pages 198 - 202
6 Jun 2020
Lewis PM Waddell JP

It is unusual, if not unique, for three major research papers concerned with the management of the fractured neck of femur (FNOF) to be published in a short period of time, each describing large prospective randomized clinical trials. These studies were conducted in up to 17 countries worldwide, involving up to 80 surgical centers and include large numbers of patients (up to 2,900) with FNOF. Each article investigated common clinical dilemmas; the first paper comparing total hip arthroplasty versus hemiarthroplasty for FNOF, the second as to whether ‘fast track’ care offers improved clinical outcomes and the third, compares sliding hip with multiple cancellous hip screws. Each paper has been deemed of sufficient quality and importance to warrant publication in The Lancet or the New England Journal of Medicine. Although ‘premier’ journals, they only occationally contain orthopaedic studies and thus may not be routinely read by the busy orthopaedic/surgical clinician of any grade. It is therefore our intention with this present article to accurately summarize and combine the results of all three papers, presenting, in our opinion, the most important clinically relevant facts.

Cite this article: Bone Joint Open 2020;1-6:198–202.


Orthopaedic Proceedings
Vol. 94-B, Issue SUPP_XXXVIII | Pages 78 - 78
1 Sep 2012
Sharma H Khandeparkar V Ahmed N Sharma A Lewis PM
Full Access

Purpose

Shoulder dislocations account for 50 % of all dislocations, of which 98% are anterior dislocations. Different techniques have been described in literature with variable success, which depends upon type of dislocation, technique used and muscle relaxation.

Method

A retrospective review of data of all shoulder dislocations presented to accident and emergency department over a one-year period was undertaken. Over a 1-year period total of 52 patients presented with mean age of 41 years. Closed reduction was attempted in all patients by accident and emergency department using various techniques and combination of analgesia. Unsuccessful reductions and those with associated fractures were referred to orthopaedics department. This group had closed reduction utilising Sahas zero position technique in accident and emergency department. Post reduction all patients had two views of radiograph to confirm reduction and poly-sling for 2–3 weeks.


Orthopaedic Proceedings
Vol. 93-B, Issue SUPP_IV | Pages 577 - 577
1 Nov 2011
Morison Z Higgins GA Olsen M Lewis PM Schemitsch EH
Full Access

Purpose: Surgeons performing hip resurfacing antevert and translate the femoral component anteriorly to maximize head/neck offset and reduce impingement. The anterior femoral neck is under tensile forces during gait similarly to the superior neck [6]. This study was designed to determine the risk of femoral neck fracture after anterior or posterior notching of the femoral neck.

Method: Forty seven fourth generation synthetic femora were implanted with Birmingham Hip Resurfacing prostheses (Smith & Nephew Inc. Memphis, USA). Implant preparation was performed using imageless computer navigation (VectorVision SR 1.0, BrainLAB, Germany). The prosthesis was initially planned for neutral version and translated anterior, or posterior, to create a femoral neck notch. The femora were fixed in a single-leg stance and tested with axial compression using a mechanical testing machine. This method enabled comparison with previously published data. The synthetic femora were prepared in eight experimental groups:two mm and five mm anterior notches, two mm and five mm posterior notches, neutral alignment with no notching (control), five mm superior notch, five mm anterior notch tested with the femur in 25° flexion and five mm posterior notch tested with the femur in 25° extension We tested the femora flexed at 25° flexion to simulate loading as seen during stair ascent. [3] The posterior five mm notched femoral necks were tested in extension to simulate sporting activities like running. The results were compared to the control group in neutral alignment using a one – way ANOVA:

Results: Testing Group Mean load to failure Significance (p-value) Anterior 2mm 3926.61 ± 894.17 .843 Anterior 5mm 3374.64 ± 345.65 .155 Neutral (Control) 4539.44 ± 786.44 – Posterior 2mm 4208.09 ± 1079.81 .994 Posterior 5mm 3988.06 ± 728.59 .902 Superior 5mm 2423.07 ± 424.17 .001 Anterior 5mm in 25° flexion 3048.11 ± 509.24 .027 Posterior 5mm in 25° extension 3104.62 ± 592.67 .038 Our data suggests that anterior and posterior two mm or five mm notches are not significantly weaker in axial compression. Anterior and posterior 5mm notches are significantly weaker in flexion/extension (p=0.027/ p=0.038). The five mm superior notch group was significantly weaker with axial compression supporting previous published data (p=0.001).

Conclusion: We conclude that anterior or posterior two mm notching of the femoral neck has no clinical implications, however five mm anterior or posterior femoral neck notching significantly weakens the femoral neck. Fracture is more likely to occur with stair ascent or activities involving weight bearing in extension. Hip resurfacing is commonly performed on active patients and five mm neck notching has clinically important implications.


Orthopaedic Proceedings
Vol. 93-B, Issue SUPP_IV | Pages 568 - 569
1 Nov 2011
Alo K Lewis PM Chakravarthy J Isbister ES
Full Access

Purpose: The modern generation of hip resurfacing arthroplasties was developed in the early 1990’s with one of the original designs being the McMinn Resurfacing Total Hip System. This was a hybrid metal on metal prosthesis, with a smooth hydroxyapetite coated press fit mono block cobalt chrome shell with a cemented femoral component. Although no longer produced in this form, lessons may be learned from this original series of components. With metal on metal resurfacing arthroplasty now facing criticisms and concerns with regard function, bone preservation capability and soft tissue issues such as ‘pseudotumors’, it is the aim of this long-term study to assess the outcome and survival of an original series of resurfacing arthroplasties.

Method: 27 resurfacing arthroplasties were performed in 25 consecutive patients between June 1994 and November 1996. 16 right hips and 11 left were performed in 14 female patients and 11 male patients. The average age at the time of surgery was 50.5 years (SD 7.9, range 30–63). All surgeries were performed by a single surgeon using a posterior lateral approach. Following the initial early care, each patient received bi-annual follow up along with open access to the clinic with any concerns or complications. A retrospective review of the case notes was conducted and outcome scores retrieved from a prospectively updated database. Radiographs were analyzed and a Kaplan Meier survival chart was constructed for the group.

Results: At latest review 3 patients have died (5yrs, 8yrs and 13.8yrs) and 1 patient has been lost to follow up (5yrs). 7 resurfacings have required revision, all due to acetabular loosening, at a mean follow up of 7 years 11months (SD 2.03years, range 4–10). Metallosis was documented in 4 of the revision cases, however no extensive soft tissue inflammation or ‘pseudotumor’ identified. The mean follow up of the remaining 16 hips is 12years and 10months (SD 12.8months, Range 10.4yrs-14.0 years). The Kaplan Meier survival at a minimum follow up of 10 years is 75.8% (95% CI 0.67–0.95). Mean Oxford hip scores at latest follow up was 20.6 (SD 8.8, range 12–38). There was no significant difference between cup inclination angles for the surviving cohort and those who required a revision procedure with mean cup inclinations of 52.5 (SD 5.5, range 45–60) and 58 degrees respectively (SD 9.1, range 50–70)(p=0.255).

Conclusion: This original series of hip resurfacings, with up to 14 years follow up, shows a survival of 76% at the minimum follow up of 10 years. All failures were due to loosening of the smooth backed acetabulum, which with a modern porous coating, failure may have been avoided or delayed. Despite high inclinations angles no soft tissue reactions were identified within this series. No femoral failures were identified suggesting unlike much literature focus, long-term failure may not be related to the femoral head or neck.