We treated 31 hips in 30 patients with advanced osteoarthritis of the hip secondary to acetabular dysplasia, by valgus-extension
We have previously described the mid- to long-term
results of conventional simple varus intertrochanteric osteotomy
for osteonecrosis of the femoral head, showing that 19 of the 26
hips had good or excellent results. We extended the follow-up to
a mean of 18.1 years (10.5 to 26) including a total of 34 hips in
28 patients, with a mean age at surgery of 33 years (19 to 53).
There were 18 men and ten women and 25 hips (74%) had a satisfactory
result with a Harris hip score ≥ 80. In all, six hips needed total
hip replacement (THR) or hemiarthroplasty. The collapse of the femoral
head or narrowing of the joint space was found to have progressed
in nine hips (26%). Leg shortening after osteotomy was a mean of
19 mm (8 to 36). With conversion to THR or hemiarthroplasty as the
endpoint, the ten-year survival rate was 88.2% (95% confidence interval
(CI) 82.7 to 93.7) and the 20-year survival rate was 79.7% (95%
CI 72.1 to 87.3); four hips were converted at ten years and other
two hips were converted at 20 years. Shortening of the leg after osteotomy remains a concern; however,
the conventional varus half-wedge osteotomy provides favourable
long-term results in hips with less than two-thirds of the medial
part of the femoral head affected by necrotic bone and with normal
bone superolaterally.
Aims. To evaluate how abnormal proximal femoral anatomy affects different femoral version measurements in young patients with hip pain. Methods. First, femoral version was measured in 50 hips of symptomatic consecutively selected patients with hip pain (mean age 20 years (SD 6), 60% (n = 25) females) on preoperative CT scans using different measurement methods: Lee et al, Reikerås et al, Tomczak et al, and Murphy et al. Neck-shaft angle (NSA) and α angle were measured on coronal and radial CT images. Second, CT scans from three patients with femoral retroversion, normal femoral version, and anteversion were used to create 3D femur models, which were manipulated to generate models with different NSAs and different cam lesions, resulting in eight models per patient. Femoral version measurements were repeated on manipulated femora. Results. Comparing the different measurement methods for femoral version resulted in a maximum mean difference of 18° (95% CI 16 to 20) between the most proximal (Lee et al) and most distal (Murphy et al) methods. Higher differences in proximal and distal femoral version measurement techniques were seen in femora with greater femoral version (r > 0.46; p < 0.001) and greater NSA (r > 0.37; p = 0.008) between all measurement methods. In the parametric 3D manipulation analysis, differences in femoral version increased 11° and 9° in patients with high and normal femoral version, respectively, with increasing NSA (110° to 150°). Conclusion. Measurement of femoral version angles differ depending on the method used to almost 20°, which is in the range of the aimed surgical correction in derotational
Aims. When the present study was initiated, we changed the treatment for late-detected developmental dislocation of the hip (DDH) from several weeks of skin traction to markedly shorter traction time. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate this change, with special emphasis on the rate of stable closed reduction according to patient age, the development of the acetabulum, and the outcome at skeletal maturity. Methods. From 1996 to 2005, 49 children (52 hips) were treated for late-detected DDH. Their mean age was 13.3 months (3 to 33) at reduction. Prereduction skin traction was used for a mean of 11 days (0 to 27). Gentle closed reduction under general anaesthesia was attempted in all the hips. Concurrent pelvic osteotomy was not performed. The hips were evaluated at one, three and five years after reduction, at age eight to ten years, and at skeletal maturity. Mean age at the last follow-up was 15.7 years (13 to 21). Results. Stable closed reduction was obtained in 36 hips (69%). Open reduction was more often necessary in patients ≥ 18 months of age at reduction (50%) compared with those under 18 months (24%). Residual hip dysplasia/subluxation occurred in 12 hips and was significantly associated with avascular necrosis (AVN) and with high acetabular index and low femoral head coverage the first years after reduction. Further surgery, mostly pelvic and
Aims. The aim of this study was to report the long-term results of rotational acetabular osteotomy (RAO) for symptomatic hip dysplasia in patients aged younger than 21 years at the time of surgery. Patients and Methods. We evaluated 31 patients (37 hips) aged younger than 21 years at the time of surgery retrospectively. There were 29 female and two male patients. Their mean age at the time of surgery was 17.4 years (12 to 21). The mean follow-up was 17.9 years (7 to 30). The RAO was combined with a varus or valgus
The aim of this study was to investigate the
incidence of dysplasia in the ‘normal’ contralateral hip in patients
with unilateral developmental dislocation of the hip (DDH) and to
evaluate the long-term prognosis of such hips. A total of 48 patients
(40 girls and eight boys) were treated for late-detected unilateral
DDH between 1958 and 1962. After preliminary skin traction, closed
reduction was achieved at a mean age of 17.8 months (4 to 65) in
all except one patient who needed open reduction. In 25 patients
early derotation
Total hip replacement for developmental hip dysplasia
is challenging. The anatomical deformities on the acetabular and
femoral sides are difficult to predict. The Crowe classification
is usually used to describe these cases – however, it is not a very
helpful tool for pre-operative planning. Small acetabular components,
acetabular augments, and modular femoral components should be available
for all cases. Regardless of the Crowe classification, the surgeon must
be prepared to perform a
Aims. Several studies have reported the safety and efficacy of subcapital
re-alignment for patients with slipped capital femoral epiphysis
(SCFE) using surgical dislocation of the hip and an extended retinacular
flap. Instability of the hip and dislocation as a consequence of
this surgery has only recently gained attention. We discuss this
problem with some illustrative cases. Materials and Methods. We explored the literature on the possible pathophysiological
causes and surgical steps associated with the risk of post-operative
instability and articular damage. In addition, we describe supplementary
steps that could be used to avoid these problems. Results. The causes of instability may be divided into three main groups:
the first includes causes directly related to SCFE (acetabular labral
damage, severe abrasion of the acetabular cartilage, flattening
of the acetabular roof and a bell-shaped deformity of the epiphysis);
the second, causes not related to the SCFE (acetabular orientation
and poor quality of the soft tissues); the third, causes directly
related to the surgery (capsulotomy, division of the ligamentum teres,
shortening of the femoral neck, pelvi-trochanteric impingement,
previous proximal
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is relatively
common in adolescents and results in a complex deformity of the
hip that can lead to femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). FAI may
be symptomatic and lead to the premature development of osteoarthritis
(OA) of the hip. Current techniques for managing the deformity include
arthroscopic femoral neck osteochondroplasty, an arthroscopically
assisted limited anterior approach to the hip, surgical dislocation,
and proximal
The primary objective of this study was to develop a validated classification system for assessing iatrogenic bone trauma and soft-tissue injury during total hip arthroplasty (THA). The secondary objective was to compare macroscopic bone trauma and soft-tissues injury in conventional THA (CO THA) versus robotic arm-assisted THA (RO THA) using this classification system. This study included 30 CO THAs versus 30 RO THAs performed by a single surgeon. Intraoperative photographs of the osseous acetabulum and periacetabular soft-tissues were obtained prior to implantation of the acetabular component, which were used to develop the proposed classification system. Interobserver and intraobserver variabilities of the proposed classification system were assessed.Aims
Methods
The localization of necrotic areas has been reported to impact the prognosis and treatment strategy for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Anteroposterior localization of the necrotic area after a femoral neck fracture (FNF) has not been properly investigated. We hypothesize that the change of the weight loading direction on the femoral head due to residual posterior tilt caused by malunited FNF may affect the location of ONFH. We investigate the relationship between the posterior tilt angle (PTA) and anteroposterior localization of osteonecrosis using lateral hip radiographs. Patients aged younger than 55 years diagnosed with ONFH after FNF were retrospectively reviewed. Overall, 65 hips (38 males and 27 females; mean age 32.6 years (SD 12.2)) met the inclusion criteria. Patients with stage 1 or 4 ONFH, as per the Association Research Circulation Osseous classification, were excluded. The ratios of anterior and posterior viable areas and necrotic areas of the femoral head to the articular surface were calculated by setting the femoral head centre as the reference point. The PTA was measured using Palm’s method. The association between the PTA and viable or necrotic areas of the femoral head was assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation analysis (median PTA 6.0° (interquartile range 3 to 11.5)).Aims
Methods
This study reports mid-term outcomes after periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) exclusively in a borderline hip dysplasia (BHD) population to provide a contrast to published outcomes for arthroscopic surgery of the hip in BHD. We identified 42 hips in 40 patients treated between January 2009 and January 2016 with BHD defined as a lateral centre-edge angle (LCEA) of ≥ 18° but < 25°. A minimum five-year follow-up was available. Patient-reported outcomes (PROMs) including Tegner score, subjective hip value (SHV), modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) were assessed. The following morphological parameters were evaluated: LCEA, acetabular index (AI), α angle, Tönnis staging, acetabular retroversion, femoral version, femoroepiphyseal acetabular roof index (FEAR), iliocapsularis to rectus femoris ratio (IC/RF), and labral and ligamentum teres (LT) pathology.Aims
Methods
We describe the clinical and radiological results
of cementless primary total hip replacement (THR) in 25 patients
(18 women and seven men; 30 THRs) with severe developmental dysplasia
of the hip (DDH). Their mean age at surgery was 47 years (23 to
89). In all, 21 hips had Crowe type III dysplasia and nine had Crowe
type IV. Cementless acetabular components with standard polyethylene
liners were introduced as close to the level of the true acetabulum
as possible. The modular cementless S-ROM femoral component was
used with a low resection of the femoral neck. A total of 21 patients (25 THRs) were available for review at
a mean follow-up of 18.7 years (15.8 to 21.8). The mean modified
Harris hip score improved from 46 points pre-operatively to 90 at
final follow up (p <
0.001). . A total of 15 patients (17 THRs; 57%) underwent revision of the
acetabular component at a mean of 14.6 years (7 to 20.8), all for
osteolysis. Two patients (two THRs) had symptomatic loosening. No
patient underwent femoral revision. Survival with revision of either
component for any indication was 81% at 15 years (95% CI 60.1 to
92.3), with 21 patients at risk. . This technique may reduce the need for
The painful subluxed or dislocated hip in adults
with cerebral palsy presents a challenging problem. Prosthetic dislocation
and heterotopic ossification are particular concerns. We present
the first reported series of 19 such patients (20 hips) treated
with hip resurfacing and proximal
Social media is a popular resource for patients seeking medical information and sharing experiences. periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is the gold-standard treatment for symptomatic acetabular dysplasia with good long-term outcomes. However, little is known regarding the perceived outcomes of PAO on social media. The aims of this study were to describe the perceived outcomes following PAO using three social media platforms: Facebook, Instagram, and X (formerly known as Twitter). Facebook, Instagram, and X posts were retrospectively collected from 1 February 2023. Facebook posts were collected from the two most populated interest groups: “periacetabular osteotomy” and “PAO Australia.” Instagram and X posts were queried using the most popular hashtags: #PAOwarrior, #periacetabularosteotomy, #periacetabularosteotomyrecovery, #PAOsurgery, and #PAOrecovery. Posts were assessed for demographic data (sex, race, location), perspective (patient, physician, professional organization, industry), timing (preoperative vs postoperative), and perceived outcome (positive, negative, neutral).Aims
Methods
To clarify the mid-term results of transposition osteotomy of the acetabulum (TOA), a type of spherical periacetabular osteotomy, combined with structural allograft bone grafting for severe hip dysplasia. We reviewed patients with severe hip dysplasia, defined as Severin IVb or V (lateral centre-edge angle (LCEA) < 0°), who underwent TOA with a structural bone allograft between 1998 and 2019. A medical chart review was conducted to extract demographic data, complications related to the osteotomy, and modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS). Radiological parameters of hip dysplasia were measured on pre- and postoperative radiographs. The cumulative probability of TOA failure (progression to Tönnis grade 3 or conversion to total hip arthroplasty) was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier product-limited method, and a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify predictors for failure.Aims
Methods
The duration of systemic antibiotic treatment following first-stage revision surgery for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) after total hip arthroplasty (THA) is contentious. Our philosophy is to perform an aggressive debridement, and to use a high local concentration of targeted antibiotics in cement beads and systemic prophylactic antibiotics alone. The aim of this study was to assess the success of this philosophy in the management of PJI of the hip using our two-stage protocol. The study involved a retrospective review of our prospectively collected database from which we identified all patients who underwent an intended two-stage revision for PJI of the hip. All patients had a diagnosis of PJI according to the major criteria of the Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) 2013, a minimum five-year follow-up, and were assessed using the MSIS working group outcome-reporting tool. The outcomes were grouped into ‘successful’ or ‘unsuccessful’.Aims
Methods
Total hip replacement for high dislocation of the hip joint remains technically difficult in terms of preparation of the true acetabulum and restoration of leg length. We describe our experience of cementless total hip replacement combined with a subtrochanteric femoral shortening osteotomy in 20 hips with Crowe grade IV dislocation with a mean follow-up of 8.1 years (4 to 11.5). There was one man and 17 women with a mean age of 55 years (44 to 69) at the time of the operation. After placment of the acetabular component at the site of the natural acetabulum, a cementless porous-coated cylindrical femoral component was implanted following a subtrochanteric femoral shortening osteotomy. The mean Japanese Orthopedic Association hip score improved from a mean of 38 (22 to 62) to a mean of 83 points (55 to 98) at the final follow-up. The mean lengthening of the leg was 14.8 mm (−9 to 34) in patients with iliofemoral osteoarthritis and 35.3 mm (15 to 51) in patients with no arthritic changes. No nerve palsy was observed. Total hip replacement combined with subtrochanteric shortening
The aims of this study were to characterize the incidence and risk factors associated with stress fractures following periacetabular osteotomy, and to determine their effect on osteotomy union. We retrospectively reviewed all periacetabular osteotomies (PAOs) performed for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) at one institution over a six-year period between 2012 and 2017. Perioperative factors were recorded, and included demographic and surgical data. Postoperatively, patients were followed for a minimum of one year with anteroposterior and false profile radiographs of the pelvis to monitor for evidence of stress fracture and union of osteotomies. We characterized the incidence and locations of stress fractures, and used univariate and multivariable analysis to identify factors predictive of stress fracture and the association of stress fracture on osteotomy union.Aims
Methods
We present a series of 30 uncemented total hip replacements performed between June 1985 and January 2002 with a mean follow-up of seven years (5 to 20) in 27 patients who had previously undergone a valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy. No further osteotomy was undertaken to enable hip replacement. We used a number of uncemented modular or monoblock femoral components, acetabular components and bearings. The patients were followed up clinically and radiologically. We report 100% survival of the femoral component. One acetabular component was revised at five years post-implantation for aseptic loosening. We noted cortical hypertrophy around the tip of the monoblock stems in six patients. We believe that modular femoral components should be used when undertaking total hip replacement in patients who have previously undergone valgus