Objectives. Loss of motion following spine segment fusion results in increased strain in the adjacent motion segments. However, to date, studies on the biomechanics of the cervical spine have not assessed the role of coupled motions in the lumbar spine. Accordingly, we investigated the biomechanics of the cervical spine following cervical fusion and lumbar fusion during simulated
We describe a case of type-I Arnold-Chiari malformation in a 27-year-old woman who presented on two separate occasions with an apparent
This review discusses the causes, outcome and prevention of
We have reviewed 22 patients at a mean of 30 years (28 to 31) after a
We investigated the response of chronic neck and shoulder pain to decompression of the carpal tunnel in 38 patients with
We examined 524 patients with
We investigated the incidence of evidence of irritation of the brachial plexus in 119 patients with
We studied 50 consecutive patients presenting at an accident department after rear-end vehicle collisions and recorded symptoms and psychological test scores within one week of injury, at three months and at two years. The range of neck movement was noted at three months. Within one week of injury, psychological test scores were normal in 82% of the group but became abnormal in 81% of the patients with intrusive or disabling symptoms at over three months (p <
0.001) and remained abnormal in 69% at two years. The clinical outcome after two years could be predicted at three months with 76% accuracy by neck stiffness, 74% by psychological score and 82% by a combination of these variables. The severity of symptoms after a
Of 586 employed patients with a
We have conducted a prospective trial of the management of 135 adult patients who had sustained soft-tissue injuries of the neck in vehicle accidents. Early traction and physiotherapy was compared with rest in a collar and unsupervised mobilisation. No benefit from the active treatment could be identified; moulded collars in slight flexion gave the best pain relief and are recommended.