We report a series of 15 children, six male and nine female, of average age 20 months, seen at a
Magnetically controlled growing rods (MCGR) have been gaining popularity in the management of early-onset scoliosis (EOS) over the past decade. We present our experience with the first 44 MCGR consecutive cases treated at our institution. This is a retrospective review of consecutive cases of MCGR performed in our institution between 2012 and 2018. This cohort consisted of 44 children (25 females and 19 males), with a mean age of 7.9 years (3.7 to 13.6). There were 41 primary cases and three revisions from other rod systems. The majority (38 children) had dual rods. The group represents a mixed aetiology including idiopathic (20), neuromuscular (13), syndromic (9), and congenital (2). The mean follow-up was 4.1 years, with a minimum of two years. Nine children graduated to definitive fusion. We evaluated radiological parameters of deformity correction (Cobb angle), and spinal growth (T1-T12 and T1-S1 heights), as well as complications during the course of treatment.Aims
Methods
In a multicentre, randomised study of adolescents undergoing
posterior spinal fusion for idiopathic scoliosis, we investigated
the effect of adding gelatine matrix with human thrombin to the
standard surgical methods of controlling blood loss. Patients in the intervention group (n = 30) were randomised to
receive a minimum of two and a maximum of four units of gelatine
matrix with thrombin in addition to conventional surgical methods
of achieving haemostasis. Only conventional surgical methods were
used in the control group (n = 30). We measured the intra-operative
and total blood loss (intra-operative blood loss plus post-operative
drain output).Aims
Patients and Methods
A combined anterior and posterior surgical approach
is generally recommended in the treatment of severe congenital kyphosis,
despite the fact that the anterior vascular supply of the spine
and viscera are at risk during exposure. The aim of this study was
to determine whether the surgical treatment of severe congenital thoracolumbar
kyphosis through a single posterior approach is feasible, safe and
effective. We reviewed the records of ten patients with a mean age of 11.1
years (5.4 to 14.1) who underwent surgery either by pedicle subtraction
osteotomy or by vertebral column resection with instrumented fusion
through a single posterior approach. The mean kyphotic deformity improved from 59.9° (45° to 110°)
pre-operatively to 17.5° (3° to 40°) at a mean follow-up of 47.0
months (29 to 85). Spinal cord monitoring was used in all patients
and there were no complications during surgery. These promising
results indicate the possible advantages of the described technique
over the established procedures. We believe that surgery should
be performed in case of documented progression and before structural
secondary curves develop. Our current strategy after documented
progression is to recommend surgery at the age of five years and
when 90% of the diameter of the spinal canal has already developed. Cite this article:
This prospective study of 136 children with progressive infantile scoliosis treated under the age of four years, and followed up for nine years, shows that the scoliosis can be reversed by harnessing the vigorous growth of the infant to early treatment by serial corrective plaster jackets. In 94 children (group 1), who were referred and treated in the early stages of progression, at a mean age of one year seven months (6 to 48 months) and with a mean Cobb angle of 32° (11° to 65°), the scoliosis resolved by a mean age of three years and six months. They needed no further treatment and went on to lead a normal life. At the last follow-up, their mean age was 11 years and two months (1 year 10 months to 25 years 2 months), 23 (24.5%) were at Risser stages 4 and 5 and 13 girls were post-menarchal. In 42 children (group 2), who were referred late at a mean age of two years and six months (11 to 48 months) and with a mean Cobb angle of 52° (23° to 92°), treatment could only reduce but not reverse the deformity. At the last follow-up, at a mean age of ten years and four months (1 year 9 months to 22 years 1 month), eight children (19%) were at Risser stages 4 and 5 and five girls were post-menarchal. Fifteen children (35.7%) had undergone spinal fusion, as may all the rest eventually.
