Intermittently administered parathyroid
Impaction allograft is an established method of securing initial stability of an implant in arthroplasty. Subsequent bone integration can be prolonged, and the volume of allograft may not be maintained. Intermittent administration of parathyroid
Adrenomedullin is a peptide
Abstract. Objectives. Current therapies for osteoporosis are limited to generalised antiresorptive or anabolic interventions, which do not target specific regions to improve skeletal health. Moreover, the adaptive changes of separate and combined pharmacological and biomechanical treatments in the ovariectomised (OVX) mouse tibia has not been studied yet. Therefore, this study combines micro- computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging and computational modelling to evaluate the efficacies of treatments in reducing bone loss. Methodology. In vivo micro-CT (10.4µm/voxel) images of the right tibiae of N=18 female OVX C57BL/6 mice were acquired at weeks 14, 16, 18, 20 and 22 of age for 3 groups: mechanical loading (ML), parathyroid
Sex
We have examined the deterioration of implant fixation after withdrawal of parathyroid
The intermittent administration of parathyroid
Intermittent treatment with parathyroid
Objectives. Osteoporosis has become an increasing concern for older people as it may potentially lead to osteoporotic fractures. This study is designed to assess the efficacy and safety of ten therapies for post-menopausal women using network meta-analysis. Methods. We conducted a systematic search in several databases, including PubMed and Embase. A random-effects model was employed and results were assessed by the odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Furthermore, with respect to each outcome, each intervention was ranked according to the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) value. Results. With respect to preventing new vertebral fractures (NVF), all ten drugs outperformed placebo, and etidronate proved to be the most effective treatment (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.39). In addition, zoledronic acid and parathyroid
Adipose tissue releases several bioactive peptides and
The effect of high-fat diet and testosterone replacement therapy upon bone remodelling was investigated in orchiectomised male APOE-/- mice. Mice were split in to three groups: sham surgery + placebo treatment (control, n=9), orchiectomy plus placebo treatment (n=8) and orchiectomy plus testosterone treatment (n=10). Treatments were administered via intramuscular injection once a fortnight for 17 weeks before sacrifice at 25 weeks of age. Tibiae were scanned ex-vivo using µCT followed by post-analysis histology and immunohistochemistry. Previously presented µCT data demonstrated orchiectomised, placebo treated mice exhibited significantly reduced trabecular bone volume, number, thickness and BMD compared to control mice despite no significant differences in body weight. Trabecular parameters were rescued back to control levels in orchiectomised mice treated with testosterone. No significant differences were observed in the cortical bone. Assessment of TRAP stained FFPE sections revealed no significant differences in osteoclast or osteoblast number along the endocortical surface. IHC assessment of osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression in osteoblasts is to be quantified alongside markers of osteoclastogenesis including RANK and RANKL. Results support morphological analysis of cortical bone where no change in cortical bone volume or density between groups is in line with no significant change in osteoblast or osteoclast number and percentage across all three groups. Future work will include further IHC assessment of bone remodelling and adiposity, as well as utilisation of mechanical testing to establish the effects of observed morphological differences in bone upon mechanical properties. Additionally, the effects of
Traumatic acute or chronic tendon injuries are a wide clinical problem in modern society, resulting in important economic burden to the health system and poor quality of life in patients. Due to the low cellularity and vascularity of tendon tissue the repair process is slow and inefficient, resulting in mechanically, structurally, and functionally inferior tissue. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine are promising alternatives to the natural healing process for tendon repair, especially in the reconstruction of large damaged tissues. The aim of TRITONE project is to develop a smart, bioactive implantable 3D printed scaffold, able to reproduce the structural and functional properties of human tendon, using FDA approved materials and starting from MSC and their precursor, MPC cell mixtures from human donors. Total cohort selected in the last 12 months was divided in group 1 (N=20) of subjects with tendon injury and group 2 (N=20) of healthy subject. Groups were profiled and age and gender matched. Inclusion criteria were age>18 years and presence of informed consent. Ongoing pregnancy, antihypertensive treatment, cardiovascular diseases, ongoing treatment with anti-aggregants, acetylsalicylic-acid or lithium and age<18 years were exclusion criteria. Firstly, we defined clinical, biological, nutritional life style and genetic profile of the cohort. The deficiency of certain nutrients and sex
Re-rupture rates after rotator cuff repair remain high because of inadequate biological healing at the tendon-bone interface. Single-growth factor therapies to augment healing at the enthesis have so far yielded inconsistent results. An emerging approach is to combine multiple growth factors over a spatiotemporal distribution that mimics normal healing. We propose a novel combination treatment of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and parathyroid
Objectives. Ligaments which heal spontaneously have a healing process that
is similar to skin wound healing. Menopause impairs skin wound healing
and may likewise impair ligament healing. Our purpose in this study
was to investigate the effect of surgical menopause on ligament
healing in a rabbit medial collateral ligament model. Methods. Surgical menopause was induced with ovariohysterectomy surgery
in adult female rabbits. Ligament injury was created by making a
surgical gap in the midsubstance of the medial collateral ligament.
Ligaments were allowed to heal for six or 14 weeks in the presence
or absence of oestrogen before being compared with uninjured ligaments. Molecular
assessment examined the messenger ribonucleic acid levels for collagens,
proteoglycans, proteinases,
Introduction and Objective. The osteocyte, recognized as a major orchestrator of osteoblast and osteoclast activity, is the most important key player during bone remodeling processes. Imbalances that occur during bone remodeling, caused by
Obese patients show a higher incidence of tendon-related pathologies. These patients present a low inflammatory systemic environment and a higher mechanical demand which can affect the tendons. In addition, inflammation might have a role in the progression of the disease as well as in the healing process. A systematic review was performed by searching PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases. Inclusion criteria were studies of any level of evidence published in peer-reviewed journals reporting clinical or preclinical results. Evaluated data were extracted and critically analysed. PRISMA guidelines were applied, and risk of bias was assessed, as well as the methodological quality of the included studies. We excluded all the articles with high risk of bias and/or low quality after the assessment. Due to the high heterogeneity present among the studies, a metanalysis could not be done. Thus, a descriptive analysis was performed. After applying the previously described criteria, thirty articles were included, assessed as medium or high quality. We analysed the data of 50865 subjects, 6096 of which were obese (BMI over 30 accordingly to the WHO criteria). The overall risk of re-tear after surgery is about the 10% more than normal BMI subjects. The rupture risk fluctuates in the studies without showing a significant trend. Obese subjects have a higher risk to develop tendinopathy and a worse outcome after surgery as confirmed in several human studies. The obesity influence on tendon structure and mechanical properties may rely on the fat tissue endocrine proprieties and on
Intermittent parathyroid
The presentation of musculoskeletal disease differs in men and women, and recognition of the differences between men and women's burden of disease and response to treatment is critical to optimizing care. In this presentation, I will discuss the expanding evidence in the literature that examine the role of sex and gender in musculoskeletal disease, including how its examination increases the innovations and contributions, as well as expands the knowledge about musculoskeletal disease, conditions, and injury in a broad sense. We will discuss the role that structural anatomy differences,
Cartilage-bone interactions play a critical role in joint diseases and the osteochondral junction has been identified as a locus of osteoarthritis development. However, it is challenging to study osteochondral (OC) interaction in vitro, since cartilage and bone require very different environments. We developed a new medium-to-high throughput osteochondral microphysiological system bioreactor to culture biphasic native or engineered constructs and that can be used to study any musculoskeletal tissue interfaces. We developed engineered constructs from hMSCs on a porous polymeric matrix with a gradient in pore size to assess the supportive effect of the local topology on cartilaginous and osseous differentiation. Furthermore, we developed a triphasic, vascualized osteochondral constructs based on porous polycaprolactone and methacrylated gelatin scaffolds to study the specific effects of vasculature on cartilage and bone. We also cultured native OC tissues from postmenopausal women, exposing either cartilage or bone to sex
Summary. Arginine supplementation is helpful in treatment of osteoporosis. Introduction. Nitric oxide (NO) is a short-lived free radical involved in several biological processes as a bioregulator and as a second messenger. It inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption in vitro and regulates bone remodeling. Zolendronic acid has been established as a treatment for post menopausal osteoporosis. Study was done to compare the efficacy of Nitic oxide donor (L-arginine) with that of Zolendronic acid for the treatment of osteoporosis. Method. The study was not designed to compare these two drugs against a placebo, because the beneficial effects of Zolendronic acid in treatment of osteoporosis are well established. Institutional Review Board approvals were obtained. One hundred patients of osteoporosis having T score of −2.5 or more, were randomised to receive L-arginine) or Zolendronic acid. All patients received 1.0 g of calcium and 400 IU of vitamin D supplementation per day. In addition Group I patients received L-arginine (2 gm.) per day while Group II patients received zoledronic acid 5 mg i.v. over 15 min. Patient were followed at regular intervals clinically, by biochemical investigations and at one year for DEXA scan. Results. Patients in both groups improved clinically and bio-chemically over one year period. T score on DEXA scan at one year showed improvement in bone density. Average pretreatment T score was −3.65 in group I and −3.52 in group II. At one year followup average T score was −2.9 in group I and −2.6 in group II. Difference was not statistically significant. Discussion. Oral administration of L-arginine in pharmacological doses induces growth