Objectives. This study looked to analyse the expression levels of microRNA-140-3p and microRNA-140-5p in
The paramount importance of
Abstract. OBJECTIVE. Knee varus malalignment increases medial knee compartment loading and is associated with knee osteoarthritis (OA) progression and severity. 1. Altered biomechanical loading and dysregulation of joint tissue biology drive OA progression, but mechanistic links between these factors are lacking. Subchondral bone structural changes are biomechanically driven, involve bone resorption, immune cell influx, angiogenesis, and sensory nerve invasion, and contribute to joint destruction and pain. 2. We have investigated mechanisms underlying this involving RANKL and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), which reflect bone resorption and mineralisation respectively. 3. and the axonal guidance factor Sema3A. Sema3A is osteotropic, expressed by mechanically sensitive osteocytes, and an inhibitor of sensory nerve, blood vessel and immune cell invasion. 4. Sema3A is also differentially expressed in human OA bone. 5. HYPOTHESIS: Medial knee compartment overloading in varus knee malalignment patients causes dysregulation of bone derived Sema3A signalling directly linking joint biomechanics to pathology and pain. METHODS.
Abstract. Objectives. The ability to predict which patients will improve following routine surgeries aimed at preventing the progression of osteoarthritis is needed to aid patients being stratified to receive the most appropriate treatment. This study aimed to investigate the potential of a panel of biomarkers for predicting (prior to treatment) the clinical outcome following treatment with microfracture or osteotomy. Methods. Proteins known to relate to OA severity, with predictive value in autologous cell implantation treatment or that had been identified in proteomic analyses (aggrecanase-1/ ADAMTS-4, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), hyaluronic acid (HA), Lymphatic Vessel Endothelial Hyaluronan Receptor-1, matrix metalloproteinases-1 and −3, soluble CD14, S100 calcium binding protein A13 and 14-3-3 protein theta) were assessed in the
An increased number of neutrophils (NEUs) has long been associated with infections in the knee joints; their contribution to knee osteoarthritis (KOA) pathophysiology remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to compare the phenotypic and functional characteristics of
Multiple biochemical biomarkers have been previously investigated for the diagnosis, prognosis and response to treatment of articular cartilage damage, including osteoarthritis (OA).
Hip Osteoarthritis (HOA) is the most common joint disorder and a major cause of disability in the adult population, leading to total hip replacement (THR). Recently, evidence has mounted for a prominent etiologic role of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) in the development of early OA in the non-dysplastic hip. FAI is a pathological mechanical process, caused by abnormalities of the acetabulum and/or femur leading to damage the soft tissue structures. FAI can determine chondro-labral damage and groin pain in young adults and can accelerate HOA progression in middle-aged adults. The aim of the study was to determine if the presence of calcium crystal in
Purpose of study. To determine whether cycles of pivot shift testing prior to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction alters metabolite levels in
Similar to the radiological findings in rapidly destructive arthrosis of the hip joint (RDA), subchondral insufficiency fracture of the femoral head (SIF) can result in progressive femoral head collapse of unknown etiology. We thus examined the osteoclast activity in hip
Knee joint distraction (KJD) has been associated with clinical and structural improvement and
Abstract. Objectives. A promising therapy for early osteoarthritis (OA) is the transplantation of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hUC-MSCs). The
Meniscal tears commonly occur after a traumatic twisting injury to the knee (acute) or can form over time (degenerate). Symptoms include pain, swelling, and ‘locking’ of the knee. These symptoms are also commonly associated with osteoarthritis (OA). In some cases of OA, degenerative meniscal tears can also be present making it difficult to determine the cause of symptoms. Furthermore, acute meniscal lesions may be associated with early stage OA but often no radiological signs are evident. Many metabolites associated with joint disorders are released into the
NK cells participate in the control of infection and cell transformation but, on the other hand, they are involved in the pathology of different inflammatory disorders. Recent evidences suggest that inflammation is an important regulator of osteoarthritis, but the mechanism and cells responsible of inflammation maintenance are not well defined. To understand the role of NK cells in osteoarthritis, we have performed a preliminary study to compare the phenotype and function of peripheral blood with
Fragmentation of SLRPs, including decorin, biglycan, lumican, keratocan and fibromodulin, has been shown to occur in osteoarthritic articular cartilage. We have previously shown an increased expression of lumican and keratocan, in osteoarthritic articular cartilage. The long-term aim of this project is to develop ELISAs for the detection of SLRP metabolites, and validate these potential biomarkers with
We analysed
The rheological properties of
Introduction. Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) aims to deliver relief from pain and restore normal function. Unfortunately, a significant cohort of patients report poor outcomes. Hypothesis.
We have measured the concentration of cartilage-derived retinoic-acid-sensitive protein (CD-RAP) in
Previous research has shown an increase in chromosomal aberrations in patients with worn implants. The type of aberration depended on the type of metal alloy in the prosthesis. We have investigated the metal-specific difference in the level of DNA damage (DNA stand breaks and alkali labile sites) induced by culturing human fibroblasts in
Substance P is readily detected in the