Background. NHS improvement advocates same day emergency care (SDEC) for patients requiring additional specialism than can be provided in an Emergency Department. A novel physiotherapist-led spinal SDEC unit was established in January 2020, integrated within the on-call spinal service. The aim of this paper was to evaluate patient and peer satisfaction with the spinal SDEC. Methods. Patient satisfaction questionnaires and/or friends and family tests were collected from patients over a six-month period. Questionnaires evaluated satisfaction with recommendations given, service given, staff friendliness. Anonymous, completed questionnaires were uploaded onto a spreadsheet. Peer satisfaction was assessed using a google sheets document emailed to interface, primary care and community services. The questionnaire captured the respondents’ role, how many patients they had referred to the SDEC, reasons for referral, ease of referral, and compared this new pathway with the previous pathway. All patient's satisfaction responses recommended the service to family and friends (n=110 extremely likely, 8 likely) (6% total seen). All respondents were satisfied with the service they received (n=80 very satisfied, n=12 satisfied) and recommendations made (n=86 very satisfied, n=6 satisfied). Of peer satisfaction, 26 respondents (n=12 (46%) physiotherapists, n=6 (23%) first contact practitioners, n=6 (23%) advanced practice physiotherapists, n=1 (4%) GP, n=1 (4%) nurse) reported the SDEC delivered a better pathway and outcomes (n=25, 96%), and 20 (77%) respondents reported favourable comments of the service and its impact on patients and referrers. Conclusion. Peer and patient satisfaction data support the use of a physiotherapist-led spinal SDEC in emergency and urgent spinal care pathways. Conflicts of interest: No conflicts of Interest. Sources of interest: No sources of funding

To audit patient satisfaction throughout the perioperative period amongst emergency and elective admissions in the spinal team. 92 patients were identified whom underwent operations within a 3 month period using the operating database. A self administered postal questionnaire was sent to assess preoperative waiting time, quality of preoperative assessment and information given, assessment of their admission, their experience throughout hospital stay and the quality of their post operative assessment and discharge. Patient reported outcomes (PROMS). Response rate 35% (32/92) of which 24 (14F 10M) were elective admissions and 8 emergency admissions (2F 6M). Average wait for elective procedure was 5.7 weeks (median 2). 63% of elective patients were seen in prescreening clinic and 79% of these received an information booklet prior to operation. 22% of patients had delayed discharge due to non clinical causes including awaiting transport, awaiting medications and physiotherapy clearance. 88% of patients reported they were given adequate information regarding post-operative daily activities. 79% of elective patients reported seeing a doctor on the day of their discharge however only 38% reported seeing a physiotherapist postoperatively. This fell to 0% for patients operated on a Friday. Although 94% of patients reported that they were satisfied with the overall care they were given, they reported certain aspects of their clinical care being less than optimal. Trust wide assessment of patient reported outcomes to assess and improve the quality of care against national guidelines. Ethics Approval: Self questionnaire approved by ethics committee

Objectives:. To establish the demand, referral pathways, utility and patient satisfaction of a physiotherapy led post operative spinal surgery review clinic. Methods:. From July 2014 to January 2015 a pilot physiotherapy led clinic was established. The following clinic data was collected: number of patients reviewed, surgical procedure, outcome of clinic assessment, numbers requiring further investigation, numbers requiring review in the consultant led clinic and adverse events. A patient satisfaction survey was also administered to all English speaking patients. Patients were asked to rate the ease of getting through to the service by phone, length of wait, time spent with the clinician, answers to questions, explanation of results, advice about exercise and return to activities, the technical skills of the clinician, their personal manner and their overall visit. Data was anonymised and inserted into an excel spreadsheet for analysis. Descriptive statistical analysis was undertaken. Results:. 28 patients were reviewed in the pilot clinic. 17 (61%) patients were reviewed and discharged. 11 (39%) patients required discussion with the consultant. The outcome was: Referral for further imaging: n=5 (18%), referral to other specialist: n=2 (6%), consultant led OPD clinic review n=4 (14%) and surgical review of wound n=1 (4%). 84% (n=21/25) of eligible patients completed a post operative satisfaction survey. 86% (n= 18/21) rated their overall visit as excellent. There were no adverse events reported. Conclusion:. The pilot clinic has informed the development of a permanent physiotherapy led post op clinic in the National Neurosurgical Spinal Service and demonstrates the value of interdisciplinary care in this population

To evaluate the patient experience of patients referred to the ESP Orthopaedic Triage Service. To identify the demographic data of the patients. To evaluate patients' expectations and satisfaction of the service. A prospective audit of 50 new patients to the ESP service in Mountain Ash General Hospital and Prince Charles Hospital. The audit was carried out over a 3 month period between December 2008 and February 2009. Patients were asked to anonymously complete a survey following their appointment. Data was collated independently and analysed with descriptive statistics. Patients referred to ESP service. Self administered satisfaction survey. Mean age range 40-59 yrs (range 20 -70yrs). 50% >1 year duration of symptoms. 94% of patient's surveyed rated the service provided as good - excellent. 88% of patient's reported that they were happy to be assessed by the ESP. 96% of patients surveyed agreed they were able to discuss their treatment openly with only 10% preferring to see a Doctor. The ESP service in Cwm Taff Health board achieves a high level of patient satisfaction

Background

A cornerstone in treating low back pain (LBP) is the provision of information to patients, and the internet is increasingly being used as a source of health information delivery. However, the effect of and satisfaction with online information have been questioned.

Purpose of Study/Background

To identify whether patients were satisfied with the overall educational component of the specialist nurse (CNS)/occupational therapist (OT) led pre-operative assessment clinic in order to identify areas which required improvement.

The pre-operative specialist nurse led clinic was set up in 2002. The aim was to provide high quality information to patients undergoing elective spinal surgery in order to manage expectations and optimise post-operative recovery. Initially the clinic was specialist nurse led however, in 2006 occupational therapy input was introduced in order to provide an increased depth of information in regard to function and activities of daily living post operatively. In addition this has allowed assistive equipment to be provided pre-operatively. The format of this clinic has enhanced the patient's journey by facilitating reduced length of stay and more timely discharge.

Minimal clinically important differences (MCID) in the scores of patient-reported outcome measures allow clinicians to assess the outcome of intervention from the perspective of the patient. There has been significant variation in their absolute values in previous publications and a lack of consistency in their calculation.

The purpose of this study was first, to establish whether these values, following spinal surgery, vary depending on the surgical intervention and their method of calculation and secondly, to assess whether there is any correlation between the two external anchors most frequently used to calculate the MCID.

We carried out a retrospective analysis of prospectively gathered data of adult patients who underwent elective spinal surgery between 1994 and 2009. A total of 244 patients were included. There were 125 men and 119 women with a mean age of 54 years (16 to 84); the mean follow-up was 62 months (6 to 199) The MCID was calculated using three previously published methods.

Our results show that the value of the MCID varies considerably with the operation and its method of calculation. There was good correlation between the two external anchors. The global outcome tool correlated significantly better.

We conclude that consensus needs to be reached on the best method of calculating the MCID. This then needs to be defined for each spinal procedure. Using a blanket value for the MCID for all spinal procedures should be avoided.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:366–71.

Total en bloc spondylectomy (TES) is the total resection of a vertebra containing a tumour. Many authors have investigated patient-reported outcomes after routine spinal surgery and surgery for tumours in general. However, this is the first report of patient-reported outcomes, including health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and satisfaction, after en bloc vertebral resection for a spinal tumour.

Of the 54 patients who underwent TES for a primary tumour between 1993 and 2010, 19 died and four were lost to follow-up. In January 2012, a questionnaire was sent to the 31 surviving patients. This included the short form-36 to assess HRQoL and questions about the current condition of their disease, activities of daily living (ADL) and surgery. The response rate was high at 83.9% (26/31 patients). We found that most patients were satisfied and maintained good performance of their ADLs.

The mental health status and social roles of the HRQoL scores were nearly equivalent to those of healthy individuals, regardless of the time since surgery. There was significant impairment of physical health in the early post-operative years, but this usually returned to normal approximately three years after surgery.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014;96-B:1693–8.

The outcome of surgery for recurrent lumbar disc herniation is debatable. Some studies show results that are comparable with those of primary discectomy, whereas others report worse outcomes. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcome of revision lumbar discectomy with that of primary discectomy in the same cohort of patients who had both the primary and the recurrent herniation at the same level and side.

A retrospective analysis of prospectively gathered data was undertaken in 30 patients who had undergone both primary and revision surgery for late recurrent lumbar disc herniation. The outcome measures used were visual analogue scales for lower limb (VAL) and back (VAB) pain and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI).

There was a significant improvement in the mean VAL and ODI scores (both p < 0.001) after primary discectomy. Revision surgery also resulted in improvements in the mean VAL (p < 0.001), VAB (p = 0.030) and ODI scores (p < 0.001). The changes were similar in the two groups (all p > 0.05).

Revision discectomy can give results that are as good as those seen after primary surgery.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:90–4.

Purpose of study and background. Spinal surgery is a high-risk surgical speciality, a patient's understanding of surgical interventions, alternative treatment options, and the benefits and risks must be ascertained to gain informed consent. This pilot study aims to evaluate if the provision of a digital recording of a patient's consultation enhances patient satisfaction, improves recall of clinical diagnosis, recall of treatment options and the risks and benefits of Spinal Surgery. Methodology and results. A coalition team was identified. A safe and secure process for recording and storage identified. Both qualitative and quantitative data was collected via questionnaires. 62 patients were invited to participate in the pilot, 12 declined. Data was collected immediately post consultation, and two weeks following the consultation via telephone. Comparison was made of the relative increase or decrease in patient recall of the clinical diagnosis, treatment options, and the benefits and the risks of spinal surgery. Patient satisfaction was measured pre- and post- consultation. 50 patients (81%) participated. 32 participants (52%) responded to follow up questionnaire at 2 weeks. Recall of risk for surgical intervention increased by 37%, and of benefit by 36%. Patient satisfaction was rated excellent or very satisfied in 93% at initial consultation and at 2 week follow up all participant's rated satisfaction as excellent or very satisfied. Conclusion. This pilot study was small. COVID delayed further recruitment. Initial outcomes demonstrated high levels of patient satisfaction and appear to demonstrate improved recall. Significant technological issues were identified. Further collaborative work needs to be undertaken. Conflicts of interest: No conflicts of interest. Sources of funding: No funding obtained

Background. Scoliosis is described as a lateral spinal curvature exceeding ten degrees on radiograph with vertebral rotation. Approximately 80% of scoliosis presentations are adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Current management for AIS in the UK occurs in Surgeon or Paediatrician-led clinics and can be conservative or surgical. The musculoskeletal assessment and triage of AIS appears well-suited to an advanced physiotherapist practitioner (APP) skill set. The aim of this service evaluation was to scope, develop, implement and evaluate a four-month pilot of an APP-led AIS triage pathway. Method and Results. Spinal Consultant deformity and scoliosis clinics were scoped and observed. Clinic inclusion criteria and a patient assessment form was developed. An APP AIS clinic was set up beside a consultant led clinic. All patients assessed were discussed with a spinal surgeon. Consultant and APP agreement (% of total), waiting times, surgical conversion, and patient satisfaction were reviewed. A clinical competency package was developed for training and development of APPs. A total of 49 patients were seen (20 sessions). Waiting list reduced from 10 weeks to 6 weeks. 45%(n=22) of new patients seen were diagnosed with AIS, 27% (n=6) were directly listed for surgery. Consultant/ APP percentage agreement was high for Cobb angle measurement (82%), management plans (90%), and further diagnostic requests (94%). There were no adverse events and high patient satisfaction levels (n=20), (100% Very satisfied or satisfied) were reported. Conclusion. APP-led AIS clinics can provide similar levels of management and assessment as Spinal Consultants with improved waiting times and high levels of satisfaction. Conflicts of interest: No conflicts of interest. Sources of funding: No funding obtained

Aims. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with poor outcome following coccygectomy on patients with chronic coccydynia and instability of the coccyx. Methods. From the Danish National Spine Registry, DaneSpine, 134 consecutive patients were identified from a single centre who had coccygectomy from 2011 to 2019. Patient demographic data and patient-reported outcomes, including pain measured on a visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), EuroQol five-dimension five-level questionnaire, and 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey questionnaire (SF-36) were obtained at baseline and at one-year follow-up. Patient satisfaction was obtained at follow-up. Regression analysis, including age, sex, smoking status, BMI, duration of symptoms, work status, welfare payment, preoperative VAS, ODI, and SF-36 was performed to identify factors associated with dissatisfaction with results at one-year follow-up. Results. A minimum of one year follow-up was available in 112 patients (84%). Mean age was 41.9 years (15 to 78) and 97 of the patients were female (87%). Regression showed no statistically significant association between the investigated prognostic factors and a poor outcome following coccygectomy. The satisfied group showed a statistically significant improvement in patient-reported outcomes at one-year follow-up from baseline, whereas the dissatisfied group did not show a significant improvement. Conclusion. We did not identify factors associated with poor outcome following coccygectomy. This suggests that neither of the included parameters should be considered contraindications for coccygectomy in patients with chronic coccydynia and instability of the coccyx. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2(7):540–544

Aims. To report the surgical outcome of patients with severe Scheuermann’s kyphosis treated using a consistent technique and perioperative management. Methods. We reviewed 88 consecutive patients with a severe Scheuermann's kyphosis who had undergone posterior spinal fusion with closing wedge osteotomies and hybrid instrumentation. There were 55 males and 33 females with a mean age of 15.9 years (12.0 to 24.7) at the time of surgery. We recorded their demographics, spinopelvic parameters, surgical correction, and perioperative data, and assessed the impact of surgical complications on outcome using the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)-22 questionnaire. Results. The mean follow-up was 8.4 years (2 to 14.9). There were 85 patients (96.6%) with a thoracic deformity. Posterior spinal fusion with closing-wedge osteotomies and hybrid instrumentation was used in 86 patients; two patients underwent combined anterior and posterior spinal fusion. The mean kyphosis was corrected from 94.5° to 47.5° (p < 0.001). Coronal and sagittal balance returned to normal. The rate of complications was 12.5%: there were no neurological deficits, implant failure, or revision surgery. SRS-22 scores improved from a mean 3.6 (1.3 to 4.1) to 4.6 (4.2 to 5.0) at two years (p < 0.001) with a high rate of patient satisfaction. Non-smokers and patients with lower preoperative SRS-22 scores showed greater improvement in their quality of life. Sagittal pelvic balance did not change after correction of the kyphosis and correlated with lumbar lordosis but not with thoracic or thoracolumbar kyphosis. Conclusion. Posterior spinal fusion using hybrid instrumentation, closing-wedge osteotomies, and iliac bone grafting achieves satisfactory correction of a severe kyphosis resulting in improvements in physical and mental health and a high degree of patient-reported satisfaction. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(1):148–156

Purpose. A Virtual Spinal Clinic (VSC) was set-up at a regional spinal referral centre to see if patient care could be improved through early advice to provide timely management, early onward referral, improve patient satisfaction and minimise chronicity. The clinic was based on the successful virtual model used throughout the country within orthopaedic fracture clinics. VSC is a Consultant led multi-disciplinary (MDT) clinic run by Advanced Practitioners (AP). Methods. A 3-month trial of the VSC was completed bi-weekly. Patients diagnosed with conservatively managed spinal fractures were referred from the on-call service. A management plan was devised by a Consultant Spinal Surgeon and communicated to patients by the AP via a telephone-call consultation where clinical advice and management could be discussed. Results. 23 clinics completed. 271 patient contacts. 216 reviewed virtually. Completed outcomes of VSC. 34.65% Discharged. 51.18% Routine appointment. 14.17% Urgent appointment. Conclusion. VSC successfully completed safe and timely assessments, management plans, telephone consultations and onward referrals for Greater Manchester patients with acute spinal fractures. Patients had earlier access to health professionals to provide advice, reassurance, complete onward referrals and safety-netting. Patient satisfaction improved, with patient reporting the telephone consultation was reassuring and allowed early return to previous function. VSC reduced patients waiting time for a follow-up appointment and reduced patients travel time across Greater Manchester. In the future, it is hoped that the 6-week follow-up telephone call service will be utilised more as VSC develops. No conflicts of interest. No funding obtained

Aims

Surgical approaches to cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) remain controversial. The purpose of the present study was to analyze and compare the long-term neurological recovery following anterior decompression with fusion (ADF) and posterior laminectomy and fusion with bone graft and internal fixation (PLF) based on > ten-year follow-up outcomes in a single centre.

Aims

To identify the incidence and risk factors for five-year same-site recurrent disc herniation (sRDH) after primary single-level lumbar discectomy. Secondary outcome was the incidence and risk factors for five-year sRDH reoperation.

Aims. We reviewed 34 consecutive patients (18 female-16 male) with isthmic spondylolysis and grade I to II lumbosacral spondylolisthesis who underwent in situ posterolateral arthodesis between the L5 transverse processes and the sacral ala with the use of iliac crest autograft. Ten patients had an associated scoliosis which required surgical correction at a later stage only in two patients with idiopathic curves unrelated to the spondylolisthesis. . Methods. No patient underwent spinal decompression or instrumentation placement. Mean surgical time was 1.5 hours (1 to 1.8) and intra-operative blood loss 200 ml (150 to 340). There was one wound infection treated with antibiotics but no other complication. Radiological assessment included standing posteroanterior and lateral, Ferguson and lateral flexion/extension views, as well as CT scans. . Results. A solid posterolateral fusion was confirmed in all patients at mean latest follow-up of 4.7 years (3.4 to 9.8) beyond skeletal maturity into early adult life. Fusion of the isthmic lesion was documented in nine patients bilaterally and eight patients unilaterally. The poor fusion rate across the spondylolysis has not affected the excellent functional results of the procedure, which in our series depended on achieving a stable lumbosacral junction. . Conclusion. Quality of life assessment demonstrated significant improvement in all functional scores and high patient satisfaction with 28 patients returning to previous sports activities at an elite competitive level. Take home message: Posterolateral arthrodesis in situ with autologous iliac crest bone without instrumentation has achieved a solid fusion between the L5 transverse processes and the sacral ala in patients with grade I to II isthmic lumbosacral spondylolisthesis and this has produced excellent clinical outcomes and high patient satisfaction. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:88–96

Surgery for spinal deformity was previously carried out only in teaching hospitals in the United Kingdom. With increasing numbers of patients especially adults, seeking treatment for spinal deformity, the number of centres offering treatment for spinal deformity is going to have to increase. The deformity part of the Spinal Surgical Service in the District General Hospital in Taunton started in 2005. This paper is an audit of this deformity service. It looks at two key areas – that of patient satisfaction and patient reported outcomes of surgery. Patient satisfaction was assessed by a validated questionnaire that evaluated a patient's perception of consultations, consent, preoperative assessment, operative and post operative experience and follows up visits. Patient reported outcomes were evaluated using the SRS 30 questionnaire. 104 patients were contacted and 95 patients (91%) responded. The overall patient satisfaction rate was 96%, with 87% very pleased with the result of surgery, 80% felt that their body shape had improved considerably, 62% had an increased ability to carry out day to day activities to a much higher level and 78% had significantly decreased pain after surgery. The results of the different domains of the SRS questionnaire also supported this. The authors believe that this audit proves that it is possible to provide a spinal deformity service in a District General Hospital in the United Kingdom safely and effectively with a high degree of patient satisfaction. Audits of this kind are required to compare results of treatment between different centres and establish standards

Aims. We present the results of correcting a double or triple curve adolescent idiopathic scoliosis using a convex segmental pedicle screw technique. Patients and Methods. We reviewed 191 patients with a mean age at surgery of 15 years (11 to 23.3). Pedicle screws were placed at the convexity of each curve. Concave screws were inserted at one or two cephalad levels and two caudal levels. The mean operating time was 183 minutes (132 to 276) and the mean blood loss 0.22% of the total blood volume (0.08% to 0.4%). Multimodal monitoring remained stable throughout the operation. The mean hospital stay was 6.8 days (5 to 15). Results. The mean post-operative follow-up was 5.8 years (2.5 to 9.5). There were no neurological complications, deep wound infection, obvious nonunion or need for revision surgery. Upper thoracic scoliosis was corrected by a mean 68.2% (38% to 48%, p < 0.001). Main thoracic scoliosis was corrected by a mean 71% (43.5% to 8.9%, p < 0.001). Lumbar scoliosis was corrected by a mean 72.3% (41% to 90%, p < 0.001). No patient lost more than 3° of correction at follow-up. The thoracic kyphosis improved by 13.1° (-21° to 49°, p < 0.001); the lumbar lordosis remained unchanged (p = 0.58). Coronal imbalance was corrected by a mean 98% (0% to 100%, p < 0.001). Sagittal imbalance was corrected by a mean 96% (20% to 100%, p < 0.001). The Scoliosis Research Society Outcomes Questionnaire score improved from a mean 3.6 to 4.6 (2.4 to 4, p < 0.001); patient satisfaction was a mean 4.9 (4.8 to 5). . Conclusions. This technique carries low neurological and vascular risks because the screws are placed in the pedicles of the convex side of the curve, away from the spinal cord, cauda equina and the aorta. A low implant density (pedicle screw density 1.2, when a density of 2 represents placement of pedicle screws bilaterally at every instrumented segment) achieved satisfactory correction of the scoliosis, an improved thoracic kyphosis and normal global sagittal balance. Both patient satisfaction and functional outcomes were excellent. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:1080–7

Introduction. Decompression is the gold standard surgical technique in patients with symptomatic spinal stenosis not responding to conservative management. We present an audit of outcomes in a population of patients undergoing this procedure over a four year period. Method. All patients undergoing lumbar decompression were assessed preoperatively and between 4 and 12 months postoperatively using the Oswestry Disabilty Index (ODI %), pain scale (0–10) and patient satisfaction. The patient's age, the number of levels decompressed and the incidence of complications were recorded. Results. Data is expressed as mean ±SD. Of 127 patients 112 were available for follow up. Mean age at surgery was 68.8±11.8 years. 55% of patients had a single level decompression, 36% 2 levels, 9% 3 levels. L4/5 was the most frequently decompressed level (51%) Improvement in ODI was 13.9±11.7(p<0.0001), improvement in pain scores 2.9±3.0 (p<0.0001). Improvement was the same regardless of number of levels decompressed (ANOVA p=0.84). There was no association between outcome and age. Dural tears occurred in 8.9% of patients, with post operative infection in 2.7%. The presence or absence of post operative complications did not significantly affect outcome. Based on outcome 87% of patients were happy with their surgical experience and outcome. Conclusion. Lumbar decompression remains an effective treatment for stenosis by improving ODI and pain scores. Age and number of decompression levels do not influence outcome. There is a high level of patient satisfaction with the procedure