Background: Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is a potent stimulant of inflammatory response. This study investigated the role of Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), Platelet activating factor (PAF) and histamine and their specific antagonists in bone changes. Materials: 120 white-male-wistar rats were divided into ten groups. Using sterile technique, a 2mm drill hole was made in the tibia 1cm distal to the knee joint bilaterally. The left tibia was filled with Simplex particulate cement polymer (PMMA) and the right tibia was used as control. The first nine groups respectively received terfenadine 1mg/kg, 10mg/kg and 25mg/kg, alprazolam 0.08mg/kg, 0.32mg/kg and 0.64mg/kg, and naproxen 1mg/kg, 5mg/kg and 25mg/kg; however, the tenth group received no drug and served as control. The animals were killed after 16 weeks and implant areas were harvested aseptically and studied by one pathologist. Results: Our study revealed that the cellular reaction in the left side was statistically more than the right one in all cases (p<
0.05). Also, a significant decrease in histiocytes and giant cells was seen just in those groups that had received 10mg/kg and 25mg/kg of terfenadine, 0.32mg/kg and 0.64mg/kg of alprazolam and 5mg/kg and 25mg/kg of naproxen (P<
0.05) while administration of 1mg/kg naproxen resulted in significant decrease only in giant cells (P<
0.05) but not in histiocytes. Discussion: Previous studies have suggested that particulate debris, PGE2 production and inflammatory response are associated with arthroplasty loosening. This experiment has demonstrated that the increased cellular reaction by the membrane surrounding particulate cement polymer can be suppressed by administration of PGE2,
The primary aim of this study was to present the mid-term follow-up of a multicentre randomized controlled trial (RCT) which compared the functional outcome following routine removal (RR) to the outcome following on-demand removal (ODR) of the syndesmotic screw (SS). All patients included in the ‘ROutine vs on DEmand removal Of the syndesmotic screw’ (RODEO) trial received the Olerud-Molander Ankle Score (OMAS), American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Hindfoot Score (AOFAS), Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS), and EuroQol five-dimension questionnaire (EQ-5D). Out of the 152 patients, 109 (71.7%) completed the mid-term follow-up questionnaire and were included in this study (53 treated with RR and 56 with ODR). Median follow-up was 50 months (interquartile range 43.0 to 56.0) since the initial surgical treatment of the acute syndesmotic injury. The primary outcome of this study consisted of the OMAS scores of the two groups.Aims
Methods
The aim of this study was to investigate whether on-demand removal (ODR) is noninferior to routine removal (RR) of syndesmotic screws regarding functional outcome. Adult patients (aged above 17 years) with traumatic syndesmotic injury, surgically treated within 14 days of trauma using one or two syndesmotic screws, were eligible (n = 490) for inclusion in this randomized controlled noninferiority trial. A total of 197 patients were randomized for either ODR (retaining the syndesmotic screw unless there were complaints warranting removal) or RR (screw removed at eight to 12 weeks after syndesmotic fixation), of whom 152 completed the study. The primary outcome was functional outcome at 12 months after screw placement, measured by the Olerud-Molander Ankle Score (OMAS).Aims
Methods
The pathogenesis of rotator cuff disease (RCD) is complex and
not fully understood. This systematic review set out to summarise
the histological and molecular changes that occur throughout the
spectrum of RCD. We conducted a systematic review of the scientific literature
with specific inclusion and exclusion criteria.Introduction
Methods
