In this study, we describe a
To confirm whether developmental dysplasia of
the hip has a risk of hip impingement, we analysed maximum ranges
of movement to the point of bony impingement, and impingement location
using three-dimensional (3D) surface models of the pelvis and femur
in combination with 3D
Aims. The aim of this study was to investigate the agreement in interpretation of the quality of the paediatric hip ultrasound examination, the reliability of geometric and
Aims. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a correlation between the grade of humeral osteoarthritis (OA) and the severity of glenoid
Aims. The aim of this study was to review the current evidence surrounding curve type and
While cell
Abstract. Objective. A higher prevalence of cam
Aims. The aim of this study was to investigate whether anterior pelvic plane-pelvic tilt (APP-PT) is associated with distinct hip pathomorphologies. We asked: is there a difference in APP-PT between young symptomatic patients being evaluated for joint preservation surgery and an asymptomatic control group? Does APP-PT vary among distinct acetabular and femoral pathomorphologies? And does APP-PT differ in symptomatic hips based on demographic factors?. Methods. This was an institutional review board-approved, single-centre, retrospective, case-control, comparative study, which included 388 symptomatic hips in 357 patients who presented to our tertiary centre for joint preservation between January 2011 and December 2015. Their mean age was 26 years (SD 2; 23 to 29) and 50% were female. They were allocated to 12 different
Reduced cervical spine canal AP diameter is linked to the development of spinal cord injury and myelopathy. This is of particular interest to clinicians in New Zealand, given a unique socio-ethnic make-up and prevalent participation in collision sport. Our study builds upon previous unpublished evidence, by analysing normal cervical spine CT scans to explore
Acromial
Abstract. Objectives. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex joint disorder characterised by the loss of extracellular matrix (ECM) leading to cartilage degeneration. Changes to cartilage cell (chondrocyte) behaviour occur including cell swelling, the development of fine cytoplasmic processes and cell clustering leading to changes in cell phenotype and development of focal areas of mechanically-weak fibrocartilaginous matrix. [1]. To study the sequence of events in more detail, we have investigated the changes to in situ chondrocytes within human cartilage which has been lightly scraped and then cultured with serum. Methods. Human femoral heads were obtained with Ethical permission and consent from four female patients (mean age 74 yrs) undergoing hip arthroplasty following femoral neck fracture. Osteochondral explants of macroscopically-normal cartilage were cultured as a non-scraped control, or scraped gently six times with a scalpel blade and both maintained in culture for up to 2wks in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) with 25% human serum (HS). Explants were then labelled with CMFDA (5-chloromethylfluorescein-diacetate) and PI (propidium iodide) (10μM each) to identify the
Abstract. Background. Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) has been extensively investigated and is strongly associated with athletic participation. The aim of this systematic review is to assess: the prevalence of cam-type FAI across various sports, whether kinematic variation between sports influences hip
Abstract. OBJECTIVE. Flattening of the talar dome is observed clinically in haemarthropathy as structural and functional changes advance but has not been quantified yet. In order to confirm clinical observation, and assess the degree of change,
Introduction. Traditionally, conventional radiographs of the hip are used to assist surgeons during the preoperative planning process, and these processes generally involve two-dimensional X-ray images with implant templates. Unfortunately, while this technique has been used for many years, it is very manual and can lead to inaccurate fits, such as “good” fits in the frontal view but misalignment in the sagittal view. In order to overcome such shortcomings, it is necessary to fully describe the
To investigate whether anterior pelvic plane-pelvic tilt (APP-PT) is associated with distinct hip pathomorphologies, we asked: (1) Is there a difference in APP-PT between symptomatic young patients eligible for joint preservation surgery and an asymptomatic control group? (2) Does APP-PT vary between distinct acetabular and femoral pathomorphologies? (3) Does APP-PT differ in symptomatic hips based on demographic factors?. IRB-approved, single-center, retrospective, case-control, comparative study in 388 symptomatic hips (357) patients (mean age 26 ± 2 years [range 23 to 29], 50% females) that presented to our tertiary center for joint preservation over a five year-period. Patients were allocated to 12 different
Aims. Morphological abnormalities are present in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). We studied and compared the pelvic anatomy and
Objectives. The spinopelvic relationship (including pelvic incidence) has been shown to influence pelvic orientation, but its potential association with femoroacetabular impingement has not been thoroughly explored. The purpose of this study was to prove the hypothesis that decreasing pelvic incidence is associated with increased risk of cam
While controversy remains as to the relative benefit of operative (OM) versus non-operative management (NOM) of Achilles tendon ruptures (ATR), few studies have examined the effect on high impact maneuvers such as jumping and hopping. The purpose of this study is to compare functional performance and musculotendinous
Aim. To systematically review the literature and anatomical atlases on LM
Aims. The purpose of this study was to explore the correlation between femoral torsion and
Aims. The aim of the present study was to answer the question whether curve
We examined the
Objectives. For patients with Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) who progress to needing total joint arthroplasty it is important to understand the
Abstract. Objectives. Human articular cartilage chondrocytes undergo changes to their
Aims. The diversity of femoral
Introduction and Objective. Medial Knee Osteoarthritis (MKO) is associated with abnormal knee varism, this resulting in altered locomotion and abnormal loading at tibio-femoral condylar contacts. To prevent end-stage MKO, medial compartment decompression is selectively considered and, when required, executed via High Tibial Osteotomy (HTO). This is expected to restore normal knee alignment, load distribution and locomotion. In biomechanics, HTO efficacy may be investigated by a thorough analysis of the ground reaction forces (GRF), whose orientation with respect to patient-specific knee
In total knee arthroplasty (TKA) the implant design is one key factor for a proper functional restoration of the diseased knee. Therefore, detailed knowledge on the shape (morphology) is essential to guide the design process. In literature, the
Background. Cam
Introduction. Acetabular and spino-pelvic (SP)
Background. Rotator cuff atrophy evaluated with computed tomography scans has been associated with asymmetric glenoid wear and humeral head subluxation in glenohumeral arthritis. Magnetic resonance imaging has increased sensitivity for identifying rotator cuff pathology and has not been used to investigate this relationship. The purpose of this study was to use MRI to assess the association of rotator cuff muscle atrophy and glenoid
Aims. Positive ulnar variance is an established risk factor for idiopathic
ulnar impaction syndrome (UIS). However, not all patients with positive
ulnar variance develop symptomatic UIS and other factors, including
the
Aims. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in femoral
trochlear
Distal radius fractures are the most common upper extremity fracture. The incidence is significantly higher in elderly females with osteoporotic bone. When surgery is indicated, volar locking plates (VLPs) allow for rigid fixation particularly in comminuted fractures with poor bone quality. Although numerous studies have shown the importance of plate placement to avoid soft tissue complications associated with volar plate fixation, there has been little evidence on the anatomic fit of current VLPs. Moreover, the effect of gender differences in distal radius
Introduction and Objective. To estimate the prevalence of acetabular ossifications in the adult population with asymptomatic,
Aims. The aims of this study were to evaluate the
Aims. Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) has been highlighted and well
documented primarily in Western countries and there are few large
studies focused on FAI-related
The sagittal orientation of the pelvis commonly called pelvic tilt has an effect on the orientation of the cup in total hip arthroplasty (THA). Pelvic tilt is different between individuals and changes during activities of daily living. In particular the pelvic tilt in standing position should be considered during the planning of THA to adapt the target angles of the cup patient-specifically to minimise wear and the risk of dislocation. Methods to measure pelvic tilt require an additional step in the planning process, may be time consuming and require additional devices or x-ray imaging. In this study the relationship between three functional parameters describing the sagittal pelvic orientation in standing position and seven
Introduction. Previous anthropometric studies have reported gender differences in distal femoral
Purpose: There is scant literature with respect to reproducibility in radiological measurements of vertebral
The present study seeks to investigate the correlation of pubofemoral distances (PFD) to α angles, and hip displaceability status, defined as femoral head coverage (FHC) or FHC during manual provocation of the newborn hip < 50%. We retrospectively included all newborns referred for ultrasound screening at our institution based on primary risk factor, clinical, and PFD screening. α angles, PFD, FHC, and FHC at follow-up ultrasound for referred newborns were measured and compared using scatter plots, linear regression, paired Aims
Methods
Introduction. Tibial components that match the resected proximal tibia may promote accurate rotational alignment and maximize coverage while minimizing overhang in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Tibial component designs have traditionally been evaluated utilizing an overall anterior-posterior (AP)/medial-lateral (ML) ratio. However, since the tibial plateau is irregularly shaped, such a metric has drawbacks. Here, a detailed set of
There is evidence that various anatomical structures have altered
The design of hip replacements is based on the
Aims. The aim of this study was to examine whether hips with unilateral osteoarthritis (OA) secondary to developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) have significant asymmetry in femoral length, and to determine potential related factors. Patients and Methods. We enrolled 90 patients (82 female, eight male) with DDH showing unilateral OA changes, and 43 healthy volunteers (26 female, 17 male) as controls. The mean age was 61.8 years (39 to 93) for the DDH groups, and 71.2 years (57 to 84) for the control group. Using a CT-based coordinate measurement system, we evaluated the following vertical distances: top of the greater trochanter to the knee centre (femoral length GT), most medial prominence of the lesser trochanter to the knee centre (femoral length LT), and top of the greater trochanter to the medial prominence of the lesser trochanter (intertrochanteric distance), along with assessments of femoral neck anteversion and neck shaft angle. Results. The percentages of hips with an absolute difference of > 5 mm in femoral GT and LT lengths were significantly larger in the DDH group (24% for both) compared with those of the control group (2% and 7%, respectively). The femoral length GT of the affected femur was significantly shorter in Crowe I and longer in Crowe IV than that of the unaffected side. The affected-to-unaffected difference of the intertrochanteric distance showed positive correlation with that of the femoral length GT in Crowe I and Crowe II/III, and negative correlation with that of the femoral length LT in the Crowe I and Crowe IV groups. Conclusion. Hips with unilateral end-stage OA secondary to DDH show significant asymmetry in femoral length between both the greater and lesser trochanter and the knee compared with controls. The intertrochanteric distance was a
The aim of this study was to report the restauration of the normal vertebral
Background: The Lumbar Spinous Processes (LSP) have an important anatomical and biomechanical function. They also influence access to the spinal canal for neural decompressive surgical procedures. There is evidence that various anatomical structures have altered
During remodelling, osteoclasts produce discrete bone cavities filled with bone and this is associated with the dimensions of the cavity. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of pores of similar size to those produced by osteoclasts on the
The Lumbar Spinous Processes (LSP) have an important anatomical and biomechanical function protecting the neural structures in the spinal canal, and as an anchor for the inter and supraspinous ligaments, and the inter-segmental paraspinal muscles. They also influence access to the spinal canal for neural decompressive surgical procedures. More recently the LSPs have attracted increased interest as a site for surgical device attachment in an attempt to both decrease the symptoms of spinal stenosis, and as a site for intersegmental stabilization without formal fusion. There is evidence that various anatomical structures have altered
INTRODUCTION. Understanding bone
Background: Calcaneonavicular coalitions (CNC) have been reported to be associated with anatomical aberrations of either the calcaneus and/or navicular bones. These