Shoulder balance after surgery is one main attribute of the cosmetic outcome. It has been difficult to assess on 2D images. The balance results from the interaction of rib cage, shoulder joint and scapular positions, spinal alignment and rotation, muscle size and co-ordination and pain interaction. Attempts have been made to predict shoulder balance from radiograph measurements. There is no consensus on this. To assess whether T1 tilt has any relation to final shoulder balance after surgery.Introduction:
Attempt:
To evaluate the effect of a stiffer rod in normalising thoracic hypokyphosis in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). A retrospective review of AIS cases performed at our institution was carried out. In order to reduce variability, the analysis included only Lenke 1 cases which had all pedicle screw constructs, with similar constructs and implant density. Cases that underwent anterior release were excluded. All cases had the same implant (Expedium 5.5, Depuy-Synthes, Raynham, USA). The rod material differed in that some cases had 5.5 titanium, whilst others had 5.5 cobalt chrome. The preoperative and postoperative sagittal Cobb angle was measured.Aim:
Methods:
