This study was designed to develop a model for predicting bone mineral density (BMD) loss of the femur after total hip arthroplasty (THA) using artificial intelligence (AI), and to identify factors that influence the prediction. Additionally, we virtually examined the efficacy of administration of bisphosphonate for cases with severe BMD loss based on the predictive model. The study included 538 joints that underwent primary THA. The patients were divided into groups using unsupervised time series clustering for five-year BMD loss of Gruen zone 7 postoperatively, and a machine-learning model to predict the BMD loss was developed. Additionally, the predictor for BMD loss was extracted using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). The patient-specific efficacy of bisphosphonate, which is the most important categorical predictor for BMD loss, was examined by calculating the change in predictive probability when hypothetically switching between the inclusion and exclusion of bisphosphonate.Aims
Methods
Rotational acetabular osteotomy (RAO), one of periacetabular osteotomies, is an effective joint-preserving surgical treatment for developmental dysplasia of the hip. Since 2013, we have been using a CT-based navigation for RAO to perform safe and accurate osteotomy. CT-based navigation allows precise osteotomy during surgery but cannot track the bony fragment after osteotomy. Thus, it is an issue to achieve successful reorientation in accordance with preoperative planning. In this presentation, we introduce a new method to achieve reorientation and evaluate its accuracy. Thirty joints in which CT-based navigated RAO was performed were included in this study. For the first 20 joints, reorientation was confirmed by tracing the lateral aspect of rotated fragment with navigation and checked if it matched with the preoperative planning. For the latter 10 joints, a new method was adopted. Four fiducial points were made on lateral side of the acetabulum in the preoperative 3-dimensional model and intraoperatively, rotation of the osteotomized bone was performed so that the 4 fiducial points match the preoperative plan. To assess the accuracy of position of rotated fragment in each group, preoperative planning and postoperative CT were compared. A total of 24 radial reformat images of postoperative CT were obtained at a half-hour interval following the clockface system around the acetabulum. In every radial image, femoral head coverage of actual postop- and planned were measured to evaluate the accuracy of acetabular fragment repositioning. The 4-fiducial method significantly reduced the reorientation error. Especially in the 12:00 to 1:00 position of the acetabulum, there were significantly fewer errors (p<0.01) and fewer cases with under-correction of the lateral acetabular coverage. With the new method with 4 reference fiducials, reorientation of the acetabulum could be obtained as planned with lesser errors.
In total hip arthroplasty (THA), the cementless, tapered-wedge stem design contributes to achieving initial stability and providing optimal load transfer in the proximal femur. However, loading conditions on the femur following THA are also influenced by femoral structure. Therefore, we determined the effects of tapered-wedge stems on the load distribution of the femur using subject-specific finite element models of femurs with various canal shapes. We studied 20 femurs, including seven champagne flute-type femurs, five stovepipe-type femurs, and eight intermediate-type femurs, in patients who had undergone cementless THA using the Accolade TMZF stem at our institution. Subject–specific finite element (FE) models of pre- and post-operative femurs with stems were constructed and used to perform FE analyses (FEAs) to simulate single-leg stance. FEA predictions were compared with changes in bone mineral density (BMD) measured for each patient during the first post-operative year.Objectives
Patients and Methods
