Despite recent advances in the management of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), controversy remains about the treatment of choice for unstable slips. Surgical dislocation and open reduction has the advantage of identifying and preserving the blood supply of femoral head thereby potentially reducing the risk of avascular necrosis, (AVN). There is large variation in the literature from several small series about reported AVN rates ranging from two to 66% for unstable SCFE treated with surgical dislocation. The aim of our study was to analyze our experience with acute open reduction and internal fixation of unstable acute and unstable acute on chronic slips using the technique of surgical dislocation described by Professor Reinhold Ganz. A retrospective review of 11 patients (12 hips) treated by surgical dislocation, reduction and pinning as the primary procedure for unstable acute and unstable acute on chronic SCFE in a tertiary referral children's hospital was undertaken. This represents the entire series treated in this manner from September 2007 to January 2018. These procedures were performed by a team of Orthopaedic surgeons with significant experience performing surgical dislocation of the hip including patients with chronic SCFE, Perthes' disease, impingement and acetabular fractures. Demographic data, intraoperative records, postoperative notes and radiographs including details of subsequent surgery were reviewed. There were seven boys and four girls with mean age of 13.4 years, range 11 to 15 years at the time of surgical dislocation. Out of 12 hips, two had acute unstable slip while the remaining 10 had acute on chronic unstable slip. Six patients had good or excellent results. The remaining six patients developed AVN of which three patients had total hip replacement at six months, 17 months and 18 months following primary procedure. Seven patients required more than one operation. Three patients lost their correction and required re fixation despite surgical dislocation, reduction and fixation being their primary procedure. This series demonstrates a high percentage of AVN (50%) in severe unstable SCFE treated with surgical dislocation despite careful attention to retinacular flap development and intra operative doppler studies. This is in direct contrast to our experience with subcapital reorientation with surgical dislocation in stable slips where excellent results were achieved with a low rate of AVN. Pre-operative imaging with MRI and perfusion studies may identify where ischemia has occurred and might influence operative treatment. Based on our results, we do not recommend routine use of surgical dislocation in unstable SCFE. This technique requires further scrutiny to define the operative indications in unstable SCFE

Residual Legg-Calve-Perthes (LCP) deformities represent one of the most challenging disorders in hip reconstructive surgery. We assessed mid-term PRO. M. s, radiographic correction, complications and survivorship of combined surgical dislocation (SD) and periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) for the treatment of complex LCP deformities. A longitudinal cohort study was performed on 31 hips with complex LCP deformities undergoing combined SD/PAO. Treatment included femoral head reshaping, trochanteric advancement and relative neck lengthening, management of intra-articular lesions and PAO. Twenty-seven (87.1%) had minimum 5-year follow up. Average age was 19.8 years with 56% female and 44% having previous surgery. At a mean 8.4 years, 85% (23/27) of the hips remain preserved (no conversion to THA). The survivorship estimates at 5 and 10 years were 93% and 85%, respectively. The median and interquartile range for mHHS increased from 64 [55–67] to 92 [70–97] (p<0.001), the WOMAC-pain improved from 60 [45–75] to 86 [75–100] (p= 0.001). An additional 19% (n=5) reported symptoms (mHHS <70) at final follow-up. UCLA activity score increased from a median of 8 [6–10] to 9 [7–10] (p=0.207). Structural correction included average improvements of acetabular inclination 15.3. o. ± 7.6, LCEA 20.7° ± 10.8, ACEA 23.4° ± 16.3, and trochanteric height 18 mm ± 10 mm (all, p<0.001). Complications occurred in two (7%) patients including one deep and one superficial wound infection. At intermediate follow-up of combined SD/PAO for complex LCP deformities, 85% of hips are preserved. This procedure provides reliable deformity correction, major pain relief, improved function and acceptable complication/failure rates

Surgical treatment options for Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) includes both surgical dislocation and hip arthroscopy techniques. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the survivorship of arthroscopies (scope) and surgical dislocations (SD) at minimum 5-year follow-up. The secondary aim was to describe differences in functional outcomes between the 2 groups. This was a retrospective, single surgeon, consecutive, case-series from a large tertiary care centre. We evaluated all surgeries that were performed between 2005 and 2011. Our institutional database was queried for any patient undergoing surgery for FAI (pincer (n=23), cam (n=306), or mixed (n=103) types). Patients with childhood pathologies i.e. Legg Calve Perthes and slipped capital femoral epiphysis were excluded. This resulted in 221 hips (169 males, 52 females) who underwent either SD (94, 42.5%) or scope (127, 57.5%). A manual chart review was completed to identify patients who sustained a complication, underwent revision surgery or progressed to a total hip arthroplasty (THA). In addition, we reviewed prospectively collected patient reported outcome measure (PROMs) using (SF12, HOOS, and UCLA). Survivorship outcome was described for the whole cohort and compared between the 2 surgical groups. PROMs between groups were compared using The Mann-Whitney U test and the survival between groups was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier Analysis and the Log-Rank Mantel Cox test. All analyses were performed in SPSS (IBM, v. 26.0). The cohort included 110 SDs and 320 arthroscopies. The mean age of the whole cohort was 34±10; patients in the SD group (32±9) were younger compared to the arthroscopy group (39±10) (p<0.0001). There were 16 post-operative complications (similar between groups) and 77 re-operations (more common in the SD group (n=49) due to symptomatic metal work (n=34)). The overall 10-year survival was 91±3%. Survivorship was superior in the arthroscopy group at both 5- (96% (95%CI: 93 – 100)) and 8- years 94% (95%CI: 90 – 99%) compared to the SD Group (5-yr: 90% (95%CI: 83 – 98); 8-yr: 84% (95%CI:75 – 93)) (p=0.003) (Figure 1). On average HOOS improved from 54±19 to 68±22 and WOMAC from 65±22 to 75±22. The improvement in PROMs were similar between the 2 groups. We report very good long-term joint preservation for the treatment of FAI, which is similar to those reported in hip dysplasia. In addition, we report satisfactory improvement in function following such treatment. The differences reported in joint survival likely reflect selection biases from the treating surgeon; more complex cases and those associated with more complex anatomy were more likely to have been offered a SD in order to address the pathology with greater ease and hence the inferior joint preservation identified in this group. For any figures or tables, please contact the authors directly

Surgical dislocation of the hip joint using the technique developed by Rheinhold Ganz, is a relatively new method for surgical exposure of the hip. A review of 8 cases that underwent surgical dislocation of the hip joint was undertaken, to assess the short term outcome, complications associated with the procedure and to identify some of the indications for this technique. This is a retrospective analysis of surgical dislocation in two centers undertaken by the same surgeon with a maximum follow up period of one year. Surgical dislocation of the hip allows access to the hip joint with some associated morbidity due to the surgical exposure but there were no cases of avascular necrosis in the short term follow up. We were able to define specific pathological conditions affecting the hip where there is significant improvement following treatment using this method of exposure of the hip joint. Good exposure of the hip joint is obtained via surgical dislocation so allowing good access for surgical intervention. There is an associated morbidity with the technique but this method of hip exposure allows an alternative to hip arthroscopy and allows easier access to the joint for the treatment of intra articular pathology

Purpose of the study is to investigate the outcome of the patients with Perthes disease who have had a surgical dislocation of their hip for the treatment of resultant symptoms from the disease process. Retrospective review of consecutive patients treated with surgical dislocation of the hip for Perthes disease. Review of clinical case notes and radiological imaging. Patient outcome was assessed at follow-up. Between 2010 and 2015, 31 cases of surgical hip dislocation were performed for Perthes disease at our institution by 2 senior surgeons. Age range at time of surgery was 12–33. Male:female ratio was 13:18; right:left ratio was 15:17. Age at the time of Perthes diagnosis was between 3 and 13 years, with 3 diagnosed retrospectively. Mean follow-up was 18months. All patients had an EUA and arthrogram while 61.3%(19/31) had previous surgery for Perthes. 71%(22/31) required a labral repair, 6.5%(2/31) had a peri-acetabular osteotomy at the time of surgery and 3.2%(1/31) required a proximal femoral valgus osteotomy. 22.5%(7/31) required microfracture (femoral head or acetabulum): all of whom had evidence of contained area of degenerative changes on preoperative MRI. 64.5%(20/31) had the trochanteric screws removed. Complications included 1 greater trochanter non-union, 1 pain secondary to suture anchor impinging on psoas tendon, 1 AVN leading to early THR 12 months post-op. Another 2 had further deterioration of degenerative changes and pain leading to THR 18 and 24 months post-op. All 3(9.7%) had microfracture at the time of the dislocation for established degenerative change and also required custom made prostheses. Surgical hip dislocation is an option in treating Perthes patient with resultant symptoms such as impingement. Improved outcome is seen in patients who are younger with a congruent hip joint in contrast to those with established degenerative change evident on MRI / intraoperatively and have an arrow shaped femoral head

Introduction: Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI) with more or less subtle abnormality of the hip anatomy and function may contribute to the early development of osteoarthritis (OA). Surgical dislocation as well as arthroscopy of the hip joint are effective and save tools to correct these anatomic deformities. Good clinical results could be achieved predominantly in patients not exceeding grade I OA. The aim of the presented study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcome of patients that were treated by open surgical hip dislocation for more advanced OA of the hip joint (> grade I). Patients and Methods: This is a prospective clinical trial on the outcome of patients after surgical hip dislocation. We report on 45 hip joints (41 patients, 16 m, 25 f) that were treated in our institution by offset-correction (removal of osseous bumps at the femoral head-neck junction) and/or labral surgery for FAI. All patients were evaluated prospectively before and after surgery (Harris Hip Score, radiographic parameters, arthro-MRI). Results: The mean follow up (FU) was 45 months (range: 12–102 months). 9 hips underwent total hip replacement in the further course of FU for persisting pain. In the remaining hips a significant pain reduction but no amelioration of hip range of motion could be accomplished. In 90% of the cases, a good correlation between preop-erative arthro-MRT findings and intraoperative labrum and cartilage assessment could be demonstrated. Concerning the outcome, no patient or radiographic factors could be identified that were strongly associated with failure after surgical dislocation. Discussion and Conclusion: Our data suggests that even patients with more advanced osteoarthritis of the hip may benefit from the surgical dislocation approach as a hip salvage procedure. However, the high number of conversion to total hip arthroplasty indicates, that the indication for hip salvage should stay restricted. Patient or radiographic factors indicative of failure could not be identified. In the future and with more sophisticated molecular MRI techniques such as delayed Gadolinium Enhanced MRI of Cartilage (dGEMRIC) concrete prediction models could be implemented to preoperatively assess hip cartilage in order to sort out patients who will not profit from salvage surgery for advanced OA due to FAI

Complete debridement for synovial chondromatosis of the hip joint is difficult to achieve by standard surgical approaches. The goal of this study was to report preliminary experiences and results for treatment of this disease by a recently developed technique for surgical dislocation of the hip. The technique offers a safe and entire access to the hip joint in order to perform a synovectomy and complete joint debridement. This technique was applied in 8 patients with mean age of 38 years (24–65yrs.). This was done as the initial treatment in 6 patients and for recurrent disease after previous surgery in 2 patients. The mean follow-up was 4.3 years (2–10yrs.). None of the patients had recurrence of synovial chondromatosis. Six of 8 patients showed a good or excellent clinical result without progressive radiographic signs of osteoarthritis (OA). None of the patients developed avascular necrosis. 2 patients underwent total hip joint replacement after 5 and 10 years. One of these two patients had three previous surgeries for recurrence. The other one had the surgical dislocation as initial treatment. Both presented with distinct radiographic signs of OA prior to the index surgery. The technique of surgical dislocation allowed a safe and reliable joint debridement for synovial chondromatosis of the hip. The results indicate that this approach is successful when performed at an early stage without distinct signs of OA

Purpose. We share our experience in management of failed in-situ pinning in severe unstable Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE) by surgical dislocation approach. Method. A retrospective review of hip database from 2006 to 2013 showed 41 children underwent surgical dislocation for SCFE. We identified seven who had severe slip with failed in-situ pinning. Results. The mean age at presentation was 11.9 years (10–14 years). The average interval between in-situ pinning and surgical dislocation was 10 months (2 to 18 months). The mean follow-up was 50.14 months (25 – 66 months). The mean preoperative slip angle in the oblique plane was 76° (61.1° – 121.5°), the mean preoperative alpha angle was 127.3° (93.1° – 145°), and preoperative head neck offset was −12.7mm (0 – −21.2mm). The mean corrections at latest follow-up were oblique plane slip angle 20.6° (4.2° – 41.8°), alpha angle 51.3° (45.3° – 58°), and head-neck offset 9.5mm (1 – 16.2mm). The mean Modified Harris Hip Score (MHHS) preoperatively was 19.57 (0 – 56) and the mean non-arthritic hip score (NAHS) was 21.07 (5 – 51.5). The mean MHHS at the last visit was 88.97 (71 – 96) and NAHS was 84.28 (69.5 – 91). All patients had gross external rotation deformity at presentation; mean internal rotation of 25° ranging from (0 – 40°) was achieved at follow-up. Four patients had avascular necrosis identified on subtraction MRI scan preoperatively. These four underwent second stage hinged distraction of the hip. Mean duration of hinged distraction was 7.6 months. At follow-up 4 had Tonnis 0, one Tonnis 1 and two Tonnis 2 grade of osteoarthritis. Conclusion. The short-term result of our protocol for management of failed in-situ pinning by staged surgical dislocation and hinged distraction has been encouraging. This could potentially prolong the life of native hip to the third decade of life before definitive salvage procedures could be contemplated

Evidence has emerged that femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) may instigate early osteoarthritis of the hip and that symptomatic patients can be successfully treated by addressing the underlying pathomorphology. There is also an increasing body of evidence to support FAI as one major cause of hip and groin pain, decreased mobility and reduced performance in athletes. This study therefore aimed to investigate if professional athletes with FAI can resume to their sports after a surgical dislocation of the hip and continue their professional career up to a mid-term follow-up. We identified fifteen professional athletes (21 hips, all cam-type or mixed-type FAI, mean alpha-angles of 68°) who underwent a surgical hip dislocation for FAI treatment. Surgery was performed by the senior author in all cases. The patients were evaluated by postal survey at a mean of 47 months (range, 9–79) postoperatively. The evaluation inquired about the type and level of sports, subjective ratings, and clinical outcomes (Hip Outcome Score [HOS], SF-12, UCLA activity scale, FAI sports scale [FSS], VAS pain). At follow-up, 14 of the 15 patients (93%) were still professionally sports active. Twelve athletes maintained their levels and two were active in minor leagues. Eleven patients (75%) were satisfied with their hip surgery and their sports ability. Mean activity levels were 7.5 according to the self-developed FSS and 9.7 according to the UCLA scale, respectively. Mean scores of the HOS ADL and Sport subscales were 92.6 and 85.2, respectively. Mean scores of the SF-12 PCS and MCS were 50.7 and 56.1, respectively. Pain levels during sports were rated to be 2.0 according to the VAS. In conclusion, this study highlighted that professional athletes suffering from FAI can successfully return to professional sports after a surgical dislocation of the hip. All athletes except one (93%) could continue their professional career up to the follow-up four years after surgery. Clinical outcomes in terms of subjective ratings and scores were encouraging, nevertheless, longer-term follow-up has to show if results deteriorate with time considering the exhaustive joint use related to a professional sports career

Introduction: Percutaneous in situ pinning of severe SUFE can lead to problems. We describe our technique and results for surgical dislocation to reduce severe SUFE. Method: Ganz’s approach of greater trochanteric flip, safe dissection and surgical dislocation to preserve the femoral head blood supply was followed to anatomically reduce the femoral head. We have treated 16 cases in this way, but describe nine with a minimum follow up of 2 years. Their mean age was 13.6 years (9 to 16 years). All had severe SUFE with four acute on chronic and two unstable slips. Two were previously pinned and another had a partially fused growth plate. The mean follow up was 3.1 years (2.1 to 4.6 years). Results: All patients had a good to excellent outcome. Their pre-operative deformity was 84 degrees (65 to 110) measured by AP and cross table lateral x-rays, CT or MRI scans. The average hip external rotation deformity was 70 degrees. Post operatively internal and external rotation and all other movements were similar to the contra-lateral uninvolved hip. None developed avascular necrosis (AVN) or chondrolysis. Conclusions: This technique is demanding but can give good results for severe SUFE

Purpose: Unstable slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) can result in a high incidence of avascular necrosis (AVN) and residual deformity leading to femoral acetabular impingement (FAI). Surgical hip dislocation with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) has been proposed as a surgical method to avoid or limit these complications. Method: A prospective consecutive series of patients who presented with an unstable SCFE and underwent a surgical hip dislocation/ORIF were reviewed. The procedure entails urgent arrival to the operating room, a surgical dislocation procedure to gain full access to the proximal femur, removal of the posterior and medial callus with necessary shortening of the femoral neck to anatomically reduce the femoral head without tension on the vasculature. Results: There are 15 patients in this series with a minimum of 1 year follow-up. Average age was 12.5 years at the time of presentation, 10 males and 5 females. Surgical dislocation was performed at a mean of 29.1 hours from the traumatic event. The surgical procedure averaged 135.5 minutes, with an average blood loss of 220ccs. Fourteen patients have no evidence of AVN while one patient with AVN was due to a surgical step not performed in the remaining hips. Normal anatomic position of the epiphysis was achieved in 11 of 15 patients while the remaining 4 had mild posterior angulation averaging 6.2 degrees. Average hip flexion was 114°, internal rotation 22°, external rotation 35°. Two patients required reoperation for broken screws (both 4.5mm cannulated screws). Conclusion: Surgical dislocation with removal of medial and posterior callus and shortening of the femoral neck can reduce the femoral head to a near anatomic position to avoid FAI and appears to result in a very low incidence of avascular necrosis. A single patient with AVN was the result of technical issue which can be avoided

Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a pathologic condition of the hip joint that leads to hip pain and osteoarthrosis (OA), especially in the young and active patient population. It is characterized by an early pathologic contact during hip motion between osseous malformation of the femoral neck and acetabular rim. The goal of the surgical dislocation of the hip is to prevent the development of OA by correcting these malformations. We investigated the clinical and radiographic outcome, the survivorship, and factors predicting poor outcome at 5-year followup. We retrospectively evaluated 101 hips in 78 patients that underwent surgical hip dislocation at a mean age of 32 ± 8.4 (range, 15 – 52) years. The mean followup was 5.7 ± 1.0 (0.9 – 7.1) years. The series included pincer type impingement in 5 hips (5%), cam type in 9 hips (9%), and mixed type of FAI in 87 hips (87%). Pre-operatively, the patients presented with a mean Merle d’Aubigné score of 14.3 ± 3.3 (8 – 17) and a mean osteoarthrosis score according to Tönnis of 0.13 ± 0.34 (0 – 1). At followup, the clinical results were graded using the Merle d’Aubigné score and the radiographic results using the Tönnis score. Failure was defined as a conversion to a total hip arthroplasty (THA), a Merle d’Aubigné score of less than 15 or a progression of osteoarthrosis with a Tönnis score ≥2 at last followup. Demographic, clinical, radiographic, and surgical factors were tested for predictive factors for poor outcome using the Cox regression. At followup the mean Merle d’Aubigné score was 17.2 ± 1.2 (12 – 18) and the mean Tönnis score was 0.19 ± 0.47 (0 – 2). Failures (13 hips, 13%) included 6 hips (6%) with a progression of osteoarthrosis, 5 hips (5%) hips that converted to a THA, and 2 (2%) hips presenting with a Merle d’Aubigné score of less than 15. This resulted in a cumulative survivor ship at 5 years of 97.0 ± 3.3 % (95%-confidence interval, 93.6 – 100%). Factors predicting poor outcome were a preoperative Tönnis score of 1, a cartilage tear in the Arthro-MRI, and increased age or BMI at operation. Surgical hip dislocation has the potential to prevent the progression of osteoarthrosis and to decrease hip pain in patients with FAI. The optimal patient is young, with a decreased BMI and no sign of degeneration in the conventional radiograph or Arthro-MRI

Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is the result of abnormal contact/impingement of the femoral head-neck junction and acetabulum during motion. This can be corrected by surgical dislocation (using Ganz's trochanteric osteotomy) and femoral osteochondroplasty +/− acetabular rim resection. Our study aimed to assess the improvement in hip scores following open osteochondroplasty to predict outcomes based on patient characteristics. This was a retrospective case note analysis of a single surgeon case series over a 4 year period. Inclusion criteria were open osteochondroplasty, complete pre- and post-op hip scores available), Tonnis osteoarthritis grade 0 or 1, with 1 year followup. Data was extracted from electronic and paper case notes for pre- and post-op Modified Harris Hip Scores (MHHS), Non-arthritis Hip Scores (NAHS) and SF-12 general satisfaction scores, as well as baseline patient demographics. Two independent observers used the PACS radiology system to examine x-rays and MRI. SPSS version 19 was used for statistical analysis. 42 patients met the inclusion criteria. There was an overall improvement in hip scores after the procedure. Mean pre-op scores were MHHS 52.5, NAHS 44.0, SF-12 32.1. Mean post-op scores were MHHS 66.1, NAHS 58.7, SF-12 36.4. Therefore mean improvements were seen in MHHS (13.6), NAHS (14.7) and SF-12 (4.3), all significant at p<0.005 when paired t-test was used for analysis. Pearson correlation for subgroup analysis showed no significant correlation of scores with age, centre-edge angle or alpha angles. Furthermore, no significant difference was seen between males and females (independent t test). Open osteochondroplasty improves symptoms and function based on patient reported outcome measures. Although the mean scores improved, some patients’ scores deteriorated. We have not identified any statistically significant predictors of outcome, and therefore patient selection remains unclear

Introduction. We present a single surgeon series of 20 modified Dunn osteotomies without surgical dislocation of the femoral head for slipped upper femoral epiphysis (SUFE). Method. All patients from 2007 to 2011 who had a Dunn osteotomy for SUFE had their notes reviewed and we obtained an updated Non Arthritic Hip Score. Results. 20 patients were identified, of which 5 were female, with a combined average age of 14. The average duration of symptoms prior to the procedure was 10.2 weeks (range, 4–78). Classifications divided the cases into 7 chronic slips, 7 acute-on-chronic, and 5 acute., and 7 of the cases were unstable slips with an average slip angle of 71 degrees (range 65–85). All slips were grade 3. Average follow up was 26.2 months (range, 2–62). 3 developed avasular necrosis (2 unstable, 1 stable) and 2 patients had symptomatic leg length discrepancy. Preoperative MRI scans were performed in 4 patients and showed vascular compromise, but this did not always correlate with intraoperative findings of avascularity when the head was drilled. The average Nonarthritic hip score was 71.6 (range, 60–80). Summary. Dunn osteotomies are safe in patients with chronic slips, and have a low incidence of AVN. Overall function was good, even in those patients with segmental AVN scoring highly on their hip scores. Keeping the ligamentum teres intact and not dislocating the femoral head may improve vascularity of the head. Vascularity may also be assessed by preoperative MRI scans, although radiological suggestion of an avascular head which contradicted clinical findings and postoperative outcome may be due to transient vessel spasm

We report our early Boston experience with the technique of Ganz, et al., for surgical dislocation of the hip, which provides a safe, powerful approach to certain major intraarticular hip problems. Materials and Methods: Forty-seven hips with various mechanical disorders have been treated using the Ganz technique of trochanteric flip osteotomy and anterior dislocation (JBJS 83-B: 1119-1124, 2001). Diagnoses include slipped epiphysis 14, Perthes 12, aspherical head/ anterior offset 12, dysplasia 14, multiple exostoses 2, other 3.Seven patients had simultaneous femoral oste-otomies; four had subcapital osteotomies for epiphys-iolysis. All patients had pain and limitation of motion preoperatively, and more than fifty percent had severe deformity and/or some arthrosis. Follow-up was six months to five years. Ages at surgery were eight to forty-eight years (mean twenty years). Results: The variety of pathologies render objective analysis difficult, though all patients reported greatly reduced pain and increased motion post operatively. Only five patients were totally pain free and had objectively totally normal hips. No patient felt unimproved. No patient had radiographic signs of osteonecrosis. Conclusion: Paralleling the Bernese experience of more than eight hundred cases, we find the Bernese technique of surgical dislocation to be a safe, effective tool for treating intra-articular hip pathology, increasing treatment possibilities for hip joint preservation. We anticipate greatly expanding its use in the future

The effects of NF-I on the hip have been underreported in literature. The bony changes in the hip can be mild to severe and are often present, but not diagnosed. Dislocation of the hip has been described but protrusio acetabulum is underdiagnosed and has only been reported from one institute. This is the first case where an open biopsy has been taken from the hip joint by surgical dislocation with preservation of the blood supply to the femoral head. Gross and microscopic pathology in the neurofibromatosis of the hip has been described for the first time in our report. A 16-year-old girl presented with history of pain, limp and stiffness in the right hip for several years. Radiographs, CT scan showed severe protrusio acetabulum. Histological analysis from the tissue taken from the hip was a neurofibroma. There was very minimal hyaline cartilage in the acetabulum at operation. Therefore the floor of the acetabulum was grafted with the autologous cancellous bone chips obtained from her greater trochanter. The aim of this was to lateralize the hip center to a normal position. At six months follow up she was doing well. Her range of movements had increased by 20%

Introduction: Hip Surgical Dislocation (SHD) according the technique described by Ganz et al. is a safe and powerful tool to access intra-articular hip pathology in adults. Some indications may also arise in younger patients to correct slipped capital femoral epiphysis or femoral neck deformities. Materials and Methods: From 2004 to 2008 we have selected 45 patients on whom the procedure was done to treat femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). The average follow up time is 3 years, and patient mean age 26 years. The indications for SHD were:. mixed FAI in 26 cases,. pure cam FAI in 6 cases and. pure pincer FAI in 13 cases. 42 hips where graded as Tönnis 0 and 2 as Tönnis 1. All patients where evaluated according to the non arthritic hip score (NAHS – McCarthy et all) before and after the surgery at 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months. Osyrix. ®. software was used to measure radiographic parameters. The numeric variables where treated using SPSS for windows (paired t student test). Surgical Technique: In all 45 cases we did SHD, acetabular and/or femoral head neck junction trimming and labrum refixation. In half cases an anterior step trochanteric osteotomy was done and in 7 cases additional relative neck lengthening was performed. Results: The average alfa angle measured in the standard crosstable view x ray was 72° before surgery and 36° after surgery (p=0,0001). The NAHS before surgery was 40,8 average: 9,71 – pain; 6,9 – symptoms; 9 – function and 6,9 – activities and after surgery 76,38 average (p= 0,0001) 17,5 – pain (p= 0,0001); 12,9 – symptoms (p= 0,0001); 16 - function (p= 0,0001) and 14,9 - activities (p= 0,0001). All patients improved motion, specially flexion, internal rotation (p= 0,0001). The results did not differ significantly in the patients who had a trochanteric anterior step osteotomy. One patient had a total hip replacement for ongoing osteoartrithis. We had no avascular necrosis so far and no neurovascular damage. Trochanteric screw removal was done in 3 cases for local irritation. We had 2 capsule adhesions, released shortly after using arthroscopy. Conclusions: SHD is a demanding technique with full access to femoral head and acetabular deformities as well as cartilage or labral tears. It can be done safely with a low complication rate. The best results are achieved in young patients without degenerative cartilage and significant labrum changes. Hip degenerative changes contraindicates this procedure. Modification of trochanteric osteotomy does not seem to influence results

Objective

To define the common pathology of the hips with irreducible posterior dislocation combined with femoral head fracture and the outcome of surgical treatment using surgical hip dislocation technique.

Design: retrospective observational clinical study

Setting: Level III referral trauma center

Patients/Participants: from January 2011till February 2014 five patients with irreducible posterior hip dislocation and femoral head fracture who underwent operation were included and they followed for at least 18 months.

Aims. The primary aim of this study was to determine the ten-year outcome following surgical treatment for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). We assessed whether the evolution of practice from open to arthroscopic techniques influenced outcomes and tested whether any patient, radiological, or surgical factors were associated with outcome. Methods. Prospectively collected data of a consecutive single-surgeon cohort, operated for FAI between January 2005 and January 2015, were retrospectively studied. The cohort comprised 393 hips (365 patients; 71% male (n = 278)), with a mean age of 34.5 years (SD 10.0). Over the study period, techniques evolved from open surgical dislocation (n = 94) to a combined arthroscopy-Hueter technique (HA + Hueter; n = 61) to a pure arthroscopic technique (HA; n = 238). Outcome measures of interest included modes of failures, complications, reoperation, and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Demographic, radiological, and surgical factors were tested for possible association with outcome. Results. At a mean follow-up of 7.5 years (SD 2.5), there were 43 failures in 38 hips (9.7%), with 35 hips (8.9%) having one failure mode, one hip (0.25%) having two failure modes, and two hips (0.5%) having three failure modes. The five- and ten-year hip joint preservation rates were 94.1% (SD 1.2%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 91.8 to 96.4) and 90.4% (SD 1.7%; 95% CI 87.1 to 93.7), respectively. Inferior survivorship was detected in the surgical dislocation group. Age at surgery, Tönnis grade, cartilage damage, and absence of rim-trimming were associated with improved preservation rates. Only Tönnis grade was an independent predictor of hip preservation. All PROMs improved postoperatively. Factors associated with improvement in PROMs included higher lateral centre-edge and α angles, and lower retroversion index and BMI. Conclusion. FAI surgery provides lasting improvement in function and a joint preservation rate of 90.4% at ten years. The evolution of practice was not associated with inferior outcome. Since degree of arthritis is the primary predictor of outcome, improved awareness and screening may lead to prompt intervention and better outcomes. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(10):804–814

When treating periprosthetic femur fractures (PPFFs) around total hip arthroplasty (THA)], determining implant fixation status preoperatively is important, since this guides treatment regarding ORIF versus revision. The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of preoperative implant fixation status determination utilizing plain films and CT scans. Twenty-four patients who underwent surgery for Vancouver B type PPFF were included in the study. Two joint surgeons and two traumatologists reviewed plain films alone and made a judgment on fixation status. They then reviewed CT scans and fixation status was reassessed. Concordance and discordance were recorded. Interobserver reliability was assessed using Kendall's W and intraobserver reliability was assessed using Cohen's Kappa. Ultimately, the “correct” response was determined by intraoperative findings, as we routinely test the component intraoperatively. Fifteen implants were found to be well-fixed (63%) and 9 were loose. Plain radiographs alone predicted correct fixation status in 53% of cases. When adding the CT data, the correct prediction only improved to 55%. Interestingly, concordance between plain radiographs and CT was noted in 82%. In concordant cases, the fixation status was found to be correct in 55% of cases. Of the 18% of cases with discordance, plain films were correct in 43% of cases, and the CT was correct in 57%. Interobserver reliability demonstrated poor agreement on plain films and moderate agreement on CT. Intraobserver reliability demonstrated moderate agreement on both plain films and CT. The ability to determine fixation status for proximal PPFFs around uncemented femoral components remains challenging. The addition of routine CT scanning did not significantly improve accuracy. We recommend careful intraoperative testing of femoral component fixation with surgical dislocation if necessary, and the surgeon should be prepared to revise or fix the fracture based on those findings