Abstract
The straddle fractures represent a distinct anatomical pattern of pelvic trauma. Their specific clinical characteristics, associated injuries and clinical outcome remain mostly underreported and ambiguous.
Over a 3-year period all straddle fractures were identified from a prospective database of a tertiary referral hospital. For all cases, excluding children < 16 years and pathologic fractures, demographic characteristics, associated trauma, ISS-2005, transfusion requirements, surgical procedures, post-operative course, complications and clinical outcome were recorded over a median follow-up of 19 months (7-36). All fractures were classified by the two senior authors separately.
Of 280 pelvic fractures, 31(11%) straddle fractures were identified. The median age was 38 years (17-88) and the male/female ratio was 1.38. Half of them were classified as lateral-compression (51.6%), 19.4% as anteroposterior-compression, and 29% combined mechanism of injury. 9 cases had an intra-articular extension to one or both acetabula. Median ISS was 21 (9-57), while 71% had a serious (AIS>2) associated thoracic injury, 48.4% head injury, 38.7% abdominal injury, 51.6%- lower extremity fracture, and 38.7% significant urogenital injuries. Six underwent acute embolisation, and the mean transfusion rates over the initial 72hrs were 7.5 units-cRBC, 2.3 units-FFP, 0.5 units-PLTs. All cases were treated operatively, either with ORIF (14 cases), closed reduction and percutaneous screw fixation (10 cases), while an external fixator was used in 21 cases. The median length of stay was 21 days (1-106). The mortality rate was 6.5% (one on the day of admission and another after 15 days at the ICU). Eight superficial infections, 2 deep sepsis of pfannestiel wounds, as well as 1 asymptomatic nonunion of an inferior pubic rami were recorded. 5 cases underwent further surgery for late urogenital repair and 4 cases have chronic incontinence and sexual dysfunction symptoms.
Straddle fractures represent a severe type of pelvic trauma, associated with severe mostly thoracic, head and extremity trauma, severe urogenital complications, and suggest pelvic ring instability that requires surgical stabilisation in the acute setting. They are easily identifiable at the initial radiological investigations and should alert the clinician for multidisciplinary assessment and early referral.
