Abstract
Introduction: Patients with solitary spinal metastases from Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) have better prognosis and show longer survival rates compared to other spinal metastatic disease. Adjuvant control by chemotherapy and hormonal therapy has been proven ineffective to treat this relatively radio resistant tumour, which can often present with both back pain and neurological deficit. Selected patients can be treated with Total En bloc Spondylectomy (TES) for solitary intra-osseous metastasis in the thoracolumbar spine secondary to renal cell carcinoma.
Methods: Four patients with solitary vertebral metastasis secondary to RCC underwent TES for radical resection of the spinal pathology after pre-operative embolisation. The procedure involves en bloc laminectomy and corpectomy with posterior instrumented fusion and anterior instrumentation with cage reconstruction following the spondylectomy. All patients were fully staged pre-operatively and assessed according to the Tokuhashi scoring system to determine predictive life expectancy.
Results: All patients demonstrated full neurological recovery and reported significant pain relief. One patient died at 11 months post-op due to a recurrence of the primary in the nephrectomy bed. The other three are alive and well at 33, 40 and 54 months post-op with no radiological evidence of tumour recurrence in the spine. There were no major surgical complications.
Discussion: Careful patient selection is required to justify this procedure. The indication is best limited to solitary intra-osseous lesions where complete resection of the tumour is possible. The main advantage of this treatment is that it affords significant pain relief and restores spinal stability whilst minimizing local recurrence.
Conclusion: TES can improve symptomatic control of isolated solitary spinal metastases of the thoracolumbar spine in Renal Cell Carcinoma.
Correspondence should be addressed to BOOS c/o British Orthopaedic Association, 35-43 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London WC2A 3PE, England
