Abstract
1. Dissections of the newborn child revealed that the psoas muscle is a lateral rotator of the hip in all positions but that this secondary action is much stronger when the limb is abducted.
2. It has also been shown that the iliacus portion of the muscle can contribute towards the completion of abduction movement.
3. An attempt has been made to reconcile these facts with the accepted concept of the action of the muscle in the adult.
4. The clinical significance is discussed.
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