Current diagnostic tools are not always able to effectively identify periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs). Recent studies suggest that circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) undergo changes under pathological conditions such as infection. The aim of this study was to analyze miRNA expression in hip arthroplasty PJI patients. This was a prospective pilot study, including 24 patients divided into three groups, with eight patients each undergoing revision of their hip arthroplasty due to aseptic reasons, and low- and high-grade PJI, respectively. The number of intraoperative samples and the incidence of positive cultures were recorded for each patient. Additionally, venous blood samples and periarticular tissue samples were collected from each patient to determine miRNA expressions between the groups. MiRNA screening was performed by small RNA-sequencing using the miRNA next generation sequencing (NGS) discovery (miND) pipeline.Aims
Methods
This study compares the re-revision rate and mortality following septic and aseptic revision hip arthroplasty (rTHA) in registry data, and compares the outcomes to previously reported data. This is an observational cohort study using data from the German Arthroplasty Registry (EPRD). A total of 17,842 rTHAs were included, and the rates and cumulative incidence of hip re-revision and mortality following septic and aseptic rTHA were analyzed with seven-year follow-up. The Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to determine the re-revision rate and cumulative probability of mortality following rTHA.Aims
Methods
There is little information in the literature about the use of dual-mobility (DM) bearings in preventing re-dislocation in revision total hip arthroplasty (THA). The aim of this study was to compare the use of DM bearings, standard bearings, and constrained liners in revision THA for recurrent dislocation, and to identify risk factors for re-dislocation. We reviewed 86 consecutive revision THAs performed for dislocation between August 2012 and July 2019. A total of 38 revisions (44.2%) involved a DM bearing, while 39 (45.3%) and nine (10.5%) involved a standard bearing and a constrained liner, respectively. Rates of re-dislocation, re-revision for dislocation, and overall re-revision were compared. Radiographs were assessed for the positioning of the acetabular component, the restoration of the centre of rotation, leg length, and offset. Risk factors for re-dislocation were determined by Cox regression analysis. The modified Harris Hip Scores (mHHSs) were recorded. The mean age of the patients at the time of revision was 70 years (43 to 88); 54 were female (62.8%). The mean follow-up was 5.0 years (2.0 to 8.75).Aims
Methods
Despite higher rates of revision after total hip arthroplasty (THA) being reported for uncemented stems in patients aged > 75 years, they are frequently used in this age group. Increased mortality after cemented fixation is often used as a justification, but recent data do not confirm this association. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the design of the stem and the type of fixation on the rate of revision and immediate postoperative mortality, focusing on the age and sex of the patients. A total of 333,144 patients with primary osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip who underwent elective THA between November 2012 and September 2022, using uncemented acetabular components without reconstruction shells, from the German arthroplasty registry were included in the study. The revision rates three years postoperatively for four types of stem (uncemented, uncemented with collar, uncemented short, and cemented) were compared within four age groups: < 60 years (Young), between 61 and 70 years (Mid-I), between 71 and 80 years (Mid-II), and aged > 80 years (Old). A noninferiority analysis was performed on the most frequently used designs of stem.Aims
Methods
Implant-related postoperative spondylodiscitis (IPOS) is a severe complication in spine surgery and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. With growing knowledge in the field of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), equivalent investigations towards the management of implant-related infections of the spine are indispensable. To our knowledge, this study provides the largest description of cases of IPOS to date. Patients treated for IPOS from January 2006 to December 2020 were included. Patient demographics, parameters upon admission and discharge, radiological imaging, and microbiological results were retrieved from medical records. CT and MRI were analyzed for epidural, paravertebral, and intervertebral abscess formation, vertebral destruction, and endplate involvement. Pathogens were identified by CT-guided or intraoperative biopsy, intraoperative tissue sampling, or implant sonication.Aims
Methods
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) may provoke ankle symptoms. The aim of this study was to validate the impact of the preoperative mechanical tibiofemoral angle (mTFA), the talar tilt (TT) on ankle symptoms after TKA, and assess changes in the range of motion (ROM) of the subtalar joint, foot posture, and ankle laxity. Patients who underwent TKA from September 2020 to September 2021 were prospectively included. Inclusion criteria were primary end-stage osteoarthritis (Kellgren-Lawrence stage IV) of the knee. Exclusion criteria were missed follow-up visit, post-traumatic pathologies of the foot, and neurological disorders. Radiological angles measured included the mTFA, hindfoot alignment view angle, and TT. The Foot Function Index (FFI) score was assessed. Gait analyses were conducted to measure mediolateral changes of the gait line and ankle laxity was tested using an ankle arthrometer. All parameters were acquired one week pre- and three months postoperatively.Aims
Methods
Psychological status may be an important predictor of outcome after periacetabular osteotomy (PAO). The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of psychological distress on postoperative health-related quality of life, joint function, self-assessed pain, and sports ability in patients undergoing PAO. In all, 202 consecutive patients who underwent PAO for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) at our institution from 2015 to 2017 were included and followed up at 63 months (SD 10) postoperatively. Of these, 101 with complete data sets entered final analysis. Patients were assessed by questionnaire. Psychological status was measured by Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18), health-related quality of life was raised with 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36), hip functionality was measured by the short version 0f the International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-12), Subjective Hip Value (SHV), and Hip Disability and Outcome Score (HOS). Surgery satisfaction and pain were assessed. Dependent variables (endpoints) were postoperative quality of life (SF-36, HOS quality of life (QoL)), joint function (iHOT-12, SHV, HOS), patient satisfaction, and pain. Psychological distress was assessed by the Global Severity Index (GSI), somatization (BSI Soma), depression (BSI Depr), and anxiety (BSI Anx). Influence of psychological status was assessed by means of univariate and multiple multivariate regression analysis.Aims
Methods
Registry studies on modified acetabular polyethylene (PE) liner designs are limited. We investigated the influence of standard and modified PE acetabular liner designs on the revision rate for mechanical complications in primary cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA). We analyzed 151,096 primary cementless THAs from the German Arthroplasty Registry (EPRD) between November 2012 and November 2020. Cumulative incidence of revision for mechanical complications for standard and four modified PE liners (lipped, offset, angulated/offset, and angulated) was determined using competing risk analysis at one and seven years. Confounders were investigated with a Cox proportional-hazards model.Aims
Methods
Current guidelines consider analyses of joint aspirates, including leucocyte cell count (LC) and polymorphonuclear percentage (PMN%) as a diagnostic mainstay of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). It is unclear if these parameters are subject to a certain degree of variability over time. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the variation of LC and PMN% in patients with aseptic revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We conducted a prospective, double-centre study of 40 patients with 40 knee joints. Patients underwent joint aspiration at two different time points with a maximum period of 120 days in between these interventions and without any events such as other joint aspirations or surgeries. The main indications for TKA revision surgery were aseptic implant loosening (n = 24) and joint instability (n = 11).Aims
Methods
The purpose of this study was to evaluate unexpected positive cultures in total hip arthroplasty (THA) revisions for presumed aseptic loosening, to assess the prevalence of low-grade infection using two definition criteria, and to analyze its impact on implant survival after revision. A total of 274 THA revisions performed for presumed aseptic loosening from 2012 to 2016 were reviewed. In addition to obtaining intraoperative tissue cultures from all patients, synovial and sonication fluid samples of the removed implant were obtained in 215 cases (79%) and 101 cases (37%), respectively. Histopathological analysis was performed in 250 cases (91%). Patients were classified as having low-grade infections according to institutional criteria and Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) International Consensus Meeting (ICM) 2013 criteria. Low-grade infections according to institutional criteria were treated with targeted antibiotics for six weeks postoperatively. Implant failure was defined as the need for re-revision resulting from periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) and aseptic reasons. The mean follow-up was 68 months (26 to 95).Aims
Methods
The follow-up interval of a study represents an important aspect that is frequently mentioned in the title of the manuscript. Authors arbitrarily define whether the follow-up of their study is short-, mid-, or long-term. There is no clear consensus in that regard and definitions show a large range of variation. It was therefore the aim of this study to systematically identify clinical research published in high-impact orthopaedic journals in the last five years and extract follow-up information to deduce corresponding evidence-based definitions of short-, mid-, and long-term follow-up. A systematic literature search was performed to identify papers published in the six highest ranked orthopaedic journals during the years 2015 to 2019. Follow-up intervals were analyzed. Each article was assigned to a corresponding subspecialty field: sports traumatology, knee arthroplasty and reconstruction, hip-preserving surgery, hip arthroplasty, shoulder and elbow arthroplasty, hand and wrist, foot and ankle, paediatric orthopaedics, orthopaedic trauma, spine, and tumour. Mean follow-up data were tabulated for the corresponding subspecialty fields. Comparison between means was conducted using analysis of variance.Aims
Methods
To evaluate the histopathological examination of peri-implant tissue samples as a technique in the diagnosis of postoperative spinal implant infection (PSII). This was a retrospective analysis. Patients who underwent revision spinal surgery at our institution were recruited for this study. PSII was diagnosed by clinical signs, histopathology, and microbiological examination of intraoperatively collected samples. Histopathology was defined as the gold standard. The sensitivity for histopathology was calculated. A total of 47 patients with PSII and at least one microbiological and histopathological sample were included in the study.Aims
Methods
We evaluated a large database with mechanical failure of a single uncemented modular femoral component, used in revision hip arthroplasty, as the end point and compared them to a control group treated with the same implant. Patient- and implant-specific risk factors for implant failure were analyzed. All cases of a fractured uncemented modular revision femoral component from one manufacturer until April 2017 were identified and the total number of implants sold until April 2017 was used to calculate the fracture rate. The manufacturer provided data on patient demographics, time to failure, and implant details for all notified fractured devices. Patient- and implant-specific risk factors were evaluated using a logistic regression model with multiple imputations and compared to data from a previously published reference group, where no fractures had been observed. The results of a retrieval analysis of the fractured implants, performed by the manufacturer, were available for evaluation.Aims
Methods
The use of trabecular metal (TM) shells supported by augments has provided good mid-term results after revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with a bony defect of the acetabulum. The aim of this study was to assess the long-term implant survivorship and radiological and clinical outcomes after acetabular revision using this technique. Between 2006 and 2010, 60 patients (62 hips) underwent acetabular revision using a combination of a TM shell and augment. A total of 51 patients (53 hips) had complete follow-up at a minimum of seven years and were included in the study. Of these patients, 15 were men (29.4%) and 36 were women (70.6%). Their mean age at the time of revision THA was 64.6 years (28 to 85). Three patients (5.2%) had a Paprosky IIA defect, 13 (24.5%) had a type IIB defect, six (11.3%) had a type IIC defect, 22 (41.5%) had a type IIIA defect, and nine (17%) had a type IIIB defect. Five patients (9.4%) also had pelvic discontinuity.Aims
Patients and Methods
In 2013, we introduced a specialized, centralized, and interdisciplinary team in our institution that applied a standardized diagnostic and treatment algorithm for the management of prosthetic joint infections (PJIs). The hypothesis for this study was that the outcome of treatment would be improved using this approach. In a retrospective analysis with a standard postoperative follow-up, 95 patients with a PJI of the hip and knee who were treated with a two-stage exchange between 2013 and 2017 formed the study group. A historical cohort of 86 patients treated between 2009 and 2011 not according to the standardized protocol served as a control group. The success of treatment was defined according to the Delphi criteria in a two-year follow-up.Aims
Patients and Methods
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of C-reactive protein (CRP)-negative prosthetic joint infection (PJI) and evaluate the influence of the type of infecting organism on the CRP level. A retrospective analysis of all PJIs affecting the hip or knee that were diagnosed in our institution between March 2013 and December 2016 was performed. A total of 215 patients were included. Their mean age was 71 years (Aims
Patients and Methods
Severe acetabular bone loss and pelvic discontinuity (PD) present particular challenges in revision total hip arthroplasty. To deal with such complex situations, cup-cage reconstruction has emerged as an option for treating this situation. We aimed to examine our success in using this technique for these anatomical problems. We undertook a retrospective, single-centre series of 35 hips in 34 patients (seven male, 27 female) treated with a cup-cage construct using a trabecular metal shell in conjunction with a titanium cage, for severe acetabular bone loss between 2011 and 2015. The mean age at the time of surgery was 70 years (42 to 85) and all patients had an acetabular defect graded as Paprosky Type 2C through to 3B, with 24 hips (69%) having PD. The mean follow-up was 47 months (25 to 84).Aims
Patients and Methods
This study sought to establish the prevalence of the cross over
sign (COS) and posterior wall sign (PWS) in relation to the anterior
pelvic plane (APP) in an asymptomatic population through reliable
and accurate 3D-CT based assessment. Data from pelvic CT scans of 100 asymptomatic subjects (200 hips)
undertaken for conditions unrelated to disorders of the hip were
available for analysis in this study. A previously established 3D
analysis method was applied to assess the prevalence of the COS
and PWS in relation to the APP.Aims
Materials and Methods
The aim of this study was to identify the incidence of positive
cultures during the second stage of a two-stage revision arthroplasty
and to analyse the association between positive cultures and an
infection-free outcome. This single-centre retrospective review of prospectively collected
data included patients with a periprosthetic joint infection (PJI)
of either the hip or the knee between 2013 and 2015, who were treated
using a standardised diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm with two-stage
exchange. Failure of treatment was assessed according to a definition
determined by a Delphi-based consensus. Logistic regression analysis
was performed to assess the predictors of positive culture and risk
factors for failure. The mean follow-up was 33 months (24 to 48).Aims
Patients and Methods
Periprosthetic fracture is a significant complication of total
hip and knee arthroplasty. This study aimed to describe the survival
of patients sustaining periprosthetic femoral fractures and compare
this with that of the general population, as well as to identify
the factors that influence survival. A total of 151 patients (women: men 116:35, mean age 74.6 years,
standard deviation 11.5) that sustained a periprosthetic fracture
between January 2005 and October 2012 were retrospectively analysed.
Epidemiological data, comorbidities, type of surgical management,
type of implant, and mortality data were studied.Aims
Patients and Methods
To investigate the outcomes of treatment of streptococcal periprosthetic
joint infection (PJI) involving total knee and hip arthroplasties. Streptococcal PJI episodes which occurred between January 2009
and December 2015 were identified from clinical databases. Presentation
and clinical outcomes for 30 streptococcal PJIs in 30 patients (12
hip and 18 knee arthroplasties) following treatment were evaluated
from the medical notes and at review. The Kaplan-Meier survival method
was used to estimate the probability of infection-free survival.
The influence of the biofilm active antibiotic rifampin was also
assessed.Aims
Patients and Methods
It is widely held that most Baker’s cysts resolve after treatment
of the intra-articular knee pathology. The present study aimed to
evaluate the fate of Baker’s cysts and their associated symptoms
after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). In this prospective cohort study, 102 patients with (105 were
included, however three were lost to follow-up) an MRI-verified
Baker’s cyst, primary osteoarthritis and scheduled for TKA were
included. Ultrasound was performed to evaluate the existence and
the gross size of the cyst before and at one year after TKA. Additionally,
associated symptoms of Baker's cyst were recorded pre- and post-operatively.Aims
Patients and Methods
The leading indication for revision total hip
arthroplasty (THA) remains aseptic loosening owing to wear. The younger,
more active patients currently undergoing THA present unprecedented
demands on the bearings. Ceramic-on-ceramic (CoC) bearings have
consistently shown the lowest rates of wear. The recent advances,
especially involving alumina/zirconia composite ceramic, have led
to substantial improvements and good results Alumina/zirconia composite ceramics are extremely hard, scratch
resistant and biocompatible. They offer a low co-efficient of friction
and superior lubrication and lower rates of wear compared with other
bearings. The major disadvantage is the risk of fracture of the
ceramic. The new composite ceramic has reduced the risk of fracture
of the femoral head to 0.002%. The risk of fracture of the liner
is slightly higher (0.02%). Assuming that the components are introduced without impingement,
CoC bearings have major advantages over other bearings. Owing to
the superior hardness, they produce less third body wear and are
less vulnerable to intra-operative damage. The improved tribology means that CoC bearings are an excellent
choice for young, active patients requiring THA. Cite this article:
We have investigated the effect of using tranexamic
acid (TXA) during peri-acetabular osteotomy (PAO) on peri-operative
blood loss and blood transfusion requirements. In addition we analysed
whether the use of TXA was associated with an increased risk of
venous thromboembolism (VTE) following this procedure. A consecutive series of 96 PAOs, performed by a single surgeon,
were reviewed. A total of 48 patients received TXA and 48 did not.
The TXA group received a continuous infusion of TXA at a rate of
10 mg/kg/h. The primary outcome measure was the requirement for
blood transfusion. Secondary outcomes included total blood loss,
the decrease in the level of haemoglobin in the blood, the length
of hospital stay, and the complications of this treatment. The mean rate of transfusion was significantly lower in the TXA
group (62.5% The use of TXA reduced the blood loss and the rate of transfusion
after PAO significantly, without adverse effects such as an increased
rate of VTE. Cite this article:
The accurate reconstruction of hip anatomy and
biomechanics is thought to be important in achieveing good clinical
outcomes following total hip arthroplasty (THA). To this end some
newer hip designs have introduced further modularity into the design
of the femoral component such that neckshaft angle and anteversion,
which can be adjusted intra-operatively. The clinical effect of
this increased modularity is unknown. We have investigated the changes
in these anatomical parameters following conventional THA with a
prosthesis of predetermined neck–shaft angle and assessed the effect
of changes in the hip anatomy on clinical outcomes. In total, 44 patients (mean age 65.3 years (standard deviation
( The mean pre-operative neck–shaft angle was significantly increased
by 2.8° from 128° ( Cite this article:
Intact abductors of the hip play a crucial role
in preventing limping and are known to be damaged through the direct lateral
approach. The extent of trauma to the abductors after revision total
hip replacement (THR) is unknown. The aim of this prospective study
was to compare the pre- and post-operative status of the gluteus
medius muscle after revision THR. We prospectively compared changes
in the muscle and limping in 30 patients who were awaiting aseptic
revision THR and 15 patients undergoing primary THR. The direct
lateral approach as described by Hardinge was used for all patients.
MRI scans of the gluteus medius and functional analyses were recorded
pre-operatively and six months post-operatively. The overall mean
fatty degeneration of the gluteus medius increased from 35.8% (1.1
to 98.8) pre-operatively to 41% (1.5 to 99.8) after multiple revision
THRs (p = 0.03). There was a similar pattern after primary THR,
but with considerably less muscle damage (p = 0.001), indicating
progressive muscle damage. Despite an increased incidence of a positive
Trendelenburg sign following revision surgery (p = 0.03) there was
no relationship between the cumulative fatty degeneration in the
gluteus medius and a positive Trendelenburg sign (p = 0.26). The
changes associated with other surgical approaches to the hip warrant
investigation. Cite this article:
Bone-marrow oedema can occur both in isolation and in association with necrosis of bone, but it has not been shown whether each respond to the same methods of treatment. We treated 16 patients with isolated oedema and 17, in which it was associated with necrosis of the proximal femur, with the prostacyclin derivative iloprost, which has been shown to be effective in the idiopathic form. The Harris hip score, the range of movement, the extent of the oedema as measured by MRI, pain on a visual analogue scale and patient satisfaction were recorded before and subsequent to treatment. In both groups, we were able to show a significant improvement (p <
0.001) in these observations during the period of follow-up indicating that iloprost will produce clinical improvement in both circumstances.
