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Bone & Joint Research
Vol. 8, Issue 2 | Pages 65 - 72
1 Feb 2019
Cowie RM Aiken SS Cooper JJ Jennings LM

Objectives

Bone void fillers are increasingly being used for dead space management in arthroplasty revision surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of calcium sulphate bone void filler (CS-BVF) on the damage and wear of total knee arthroplasty using experimental wear simulation.

Methods

A total of 18 fixed-bearing U2 total knee arthroplasty system implants (United Orthopedic Corp., Hsinchu, Taiwan) were used. Implants challenged with CS-BVF were compared with new implants (negative controls) and those intentionally scratched with a diamond stylus (positive controls) representative of severe surface damage (n = 6 for each experimental group). Three million cycles (MC) of experimental simulation were carried out to simulate a walking gait cycle. Wear of the ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) tibial inserts was measured gravimetrically, and damage to articulating surfaces was assessed using profilometry.


The Bone & Joint Journal
Vol. 97-B, Issue 8 | Pages 1152 - 1156
1 Aug 2015
Gupta S Cafferky D Cowie F Riches P Mahendra A

Extracorporeal irradiation of an excised tumour-bearing segment of bone followed by its re-implantation is a technique used in bone sarcoma surgery for limb salvage when the bone is of reasonable quality. There is no agreement among previous studies about the dose of irradiation to be given: up to 300 Gy have been used.

We investigated the influence of extracorporeal irradiation on the elastic and viscoelastic properties of bone. Bone was harvested from mature cattle and subdivided into 13 groups: 12 were exposed to increasing levels of irradiation: one was not and was used as a control. The specimens, once irradiated, underwent mechanical testing in saline at 37°C.

The mechanical properties of each group, including Young’s modulus, storage modulus and loss modulus, were determined experimentally and compared with the control group.

There were insignificant changes in all of these mechanical properties with an increasing level of irradiation.

We conclude that the overall mechanical effect of high levels of extracorporeal irradiation (300 Gy) on bone is negligible. Consequently the dose can be maximised to reduce the risk of local tumour recurrence.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1152–6.


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 78-B, Issue 6 | Pages 938 - 944
1 Nov 1996
Tandon V Williamson JB Cowie RA Wraith JE

Bone-marrow transplantation has increased the survival of patients with mucopolysaccharidosis-I. We describe the spinal problems and their management in 12 patients with this disorder who have been followed up for a mean of 4.5 years since transplantation.

High lumbar kyphosis was seen in ten patients which was associated with thoracic scoliosis in one. Isolated thoracic scoliosis was seen in another. One patient did not have any significant problems in the thoracic or lumbar spine but had odontoid hypoplasia, which was also seen in three other children. Four of the eight patients in whom MRI of the cervical spine had been performed had abnormal soft tissue around the tip of the odontoid.

Neurological problems were seen in two patients. In one it was caused by cord compression in the lower dorsal spine 9.5 years after posterior spinal fusion for progressive kyphosis, and in the other by angular kyphosis with thecal indentation in the high thoracic spine associated with symptoms of spinal claudication.


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 40-B, Issue 4 | Pages 730 - 734
1 Nov 1958
Cowie RS Barr JS Dudley HR


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 37-B, Issue 1 | Pages 112 - 116
1 Feb 1955
Cowie R