1. Analysis of eighty-one patients with neurofibromatosis showed that sixty-two (76 per cent) had café-au-lait markings; 12 per cent had significant spinal deformity.

2. Thirty-three examples of spinal deformity in neurofibromatosis showed a wide variety of patterns and severity of the adult curve. There was no evidence that there was any recognisable pattern of scoliosis in neurofibromatosis. No evidence was discovered to suggest that any acquired local abnormality of bone contributed to the deformity.

3. Some of the severe deformities showed a pattern similar to that seen in the congenital sco1ioses, and this might be the link between the neurofibromatosis and the spinal deformity.

Four cases are reported in which infantile idiopathic structural scoliosis gradually decreased during the period of active growth.

1. A method of treatment of the congenitally dislocated hip is described.

2. The rationale of the treatment is considered.

3. The subsequent development of the hip generally, and of its individual components, is described.

4. Comparison between the results of other methods of treatment and of this method is not attempted for reasons stated.

5. The advantages of a shortened period of splintage are discussed.

6. The state of fifty completely dislocated hips treated consecutively is described at the end of a follow-up period of from three to seven and a half years.

1. The natural history and prognosis of progressive infantile idiopathic scoliosis are reviewed and twenty-eight cases are reported.

2. Resolving infantile idiopathic scoliosis is described and seven cases are reported.

3. The length of the curve, the degree of rotation, the age of onset of deterioration, and the rate of progression are the important factors in determining the type and severity of the deformity.

4. Infantile idiopathic scoliosis is briefly compared with congenital scoliosis.

The frame described has a place in the treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip especially if the diagnosis is not made until after the age of one year. Analysis of comparable series of hips reduced on the frame and by manipulation shows that dysplasia of the femoral head is decidedly commoner after the manipulative method.

1. A series of 1,211 cases of infection of the hand and fingers is reviewed. Of the 1,066 which required operation about two-thirds were treated by excision and suture, and the results in these cases are analysed.

2. The criterion of success was per primam healing in seventeen days or less, and 54 per cent of the cases treated by this method (excluding paronychiae) fulfilled this criterion.

3. The causes of failure are discussed.

4. It is concluded that excision and suture is the method of choice in well localised infections, but that it should be avoided in diffuse infections and in some cases with sinuses. Its use is unnecessary in trivial infections.

1. Published comparisons of the results of conservative and operative treatment of trochanteric fractures have been fallacious because the groups have not been strictly comparable and because all deaths during convalescence have not been included.

2. In a series of cases studied at Oxford, comparable groups have been secured by allotting alternate cases to each group. All deaths within three months of injury have been included, whether occurring in hospital or elsewhere.

3. There was no great difference in mortality or in functional results between the two groups. One type of trochanteric fracture gives poor results whatever the method of treatment.

4. The series is too small for statistical conclusions, but the results suggest that the only advantages of operative treatment are greater economy of hospital beds, and increased comfort and mobility for the patient. The latter factor is important in frail patients, who are believed to be less prone to develop non-fatal complications if treated by operation than if treated conservatively.

1. A series of 196 fractures of the patella has been reviewed.

2. The treatment adopted was excision of the whole bone—l0l; excision of part of the bone—33; open reduction and suture—18; suture with later excision—14; no operation—30.

3. The average time of post-operative disability varied from 3·6 to 5·3 months. The time was appreciably less when operation was carried out before the fourteenth day than when it was done later.

4. An attempt was made to follow up, two to five years after injury, those patients in whom the result was not influenced by other major injuries of the limbs or by unexpected complications. Replies to questionnaires were received from 116 patients.

5. Of these, all regained a good range of movement, varying from 90 degrees of flexion to full movement, whether treatment was by excision of part or all the bone, or by open reduction and suture.

6. The late results of excision of the patella, as estimated by the patients themselves two to five years after treatment, showed that there was considerable residual disability.

7. After total excision of the bone only 5 per cent. of patients considered that the knee was normal; 90 per cent. complained of aching; 60 per cent. complained of "giving way." After excision of one fragment, about half the patients regarded the knee as normal and half complained of aching and stiffness.

8. The number of fractures in this series treated by accurate internal fixation was too small to make justifiable comparisons.

9. The indications for non-operative treatment, open reduction and accurate internal fixation, excision of one fragment, and excision of the whole bone are discussed.

10. Excision of part or all the patella is often inevitable, but some claims made in the past for the results of this operation are not substantiated.

1. A report is presented of the method and results of treatment of sixty-nine consecutive cases of infection of the hand.

2. Excision and primary suture, combined with chemotherapy and immobilisation in plaster, was the method of treatment.

3. The results, from the point of view of rapidity and completeness of recovery, justify consideration of the method for further use.