Two hundred and forty-eight high-grade central osteosarcomata were treated by amputation or disarticulation; in 5.2 per cent the tumour recurred at the amputation site. The following causes may be responsible for local recurrence: the level of the amputation is too close to the tumour; there is an unrecognised intramedullary extension of the tumour; during a previous block resection tumour cells may have been seeded in the soft tissues; the primary tumour was too extensive even for radical surgery; "skip" metastases may have been present; iatrogenic tumour implantation may have occurred while a biopsy was being performed during the course of an amputation. Treatment of the primary osteosarcoma should take all these possibilities into account. In our experience adjuvant chemotherapy has not significantly changed the frequency of local recurrences which should be treated by radical operation or, if this is not possible, by irradiation; chemotherapy may be used as an adjuvant. The prognosis of local recurrences is bad

1. In 120 of 740 European patients found to be suffering from spinal tuberculosis the disease was complicated by paraplegia. These 120 patients have been studied. 2. The patients could be divided into two groups: those receiving chemotherapy and those not receiving specific drugs. Chemotherapy improves the patient's general condition and makes operation safer, but does not have any significant effect in preventing paraplegia or in promoting recovery from it. 3. Only twenty-four of the fifty patients treated by closed method made full recovery. 4. The recovery rate after decompression was only 60 per cent. The reasons for this relatively low rate are discussed and the advantages of the postero-lateral approach to the cord, combined with focal operation on the lesion, are stressed. 5. Experience has shown that a policy of early and adequate focal operation can eliminate the risk of this serious complication of spinal tuberculosis. 6. The behaviour of spinal tuberculosis in the European is contrasted with that in the African and Asian

Aims

Patients with soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) who undergo unplanned excision (UE) are reported to have worse outcomes than those who undergo planned excision (PE). However, others have reported that patients who undergo UE may have similar or improved outcomes. These discrepancies are likely to be due to differences in characteristics between the two groups of patients. The aim of the study is to compare patients who underwent UE and PE using propensity score matching, by analyzing data from the Japanese Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor (BSTT) registry.

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The primary objective of this study was to compare the postoperative infection rate between negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) and conventional dressings for closed incisions following soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) surgery. Secondary objectives were to compare rates of adverse wound events and functional scores.

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Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) are used for prognostication and monitoring in patients with carcinomas, but their utility is unclear in sarcomas. The objectives of this pilot study were to explore the prognostic significance of cfDNA and investigate whether tumour-specific alterations can be detected in the circulation of sarcoma patients.

Of the 4172 patients in a survey of all cases of tuberculosis notified in a six-month period in England and Wales in 1978-79, 198 had a bone or joint lesion; 79 were white and 108 were of Indian subcontinent (Indian, Pakistani or Bangladeshi) ethnic origin. The estimated annual notification rates for orthopaedic tuberculosis were 29 per 100 000 for the Indian subcontinent group and 0.34 per 100 000 in the white group, a ratio of 85 to 1. Rates increased with age in both groups. The spine was the most common site, and was affected in 30% of the white patients and 43% of the Indian subcontinent patients; the distribution of other sites was similar in both groups. Positive culture from a bone or joint lesion was obtained in 99 (50%) of the 198 patients (58% of white patients and 47% of the Indian subcontinent patients). Bacteriological or histological confirmation of tuberculosis either from a bone or joint lesion or from another site was obtained in 68% of the patients. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated from the orthopaedic lesions in 79 of the 82 patients with identification test results and M. bovis in the 3 remaining patients. Of the 61 patients with M. tuberculosis and with no history of previous chemotherapy, 5 had resistant strains compared with 1 of the 18 patients who had previously received chemotherapy. All 6 patients with resistant strains were of Indian subcontinent ethnic origin

1. The long-term results of 740 European patients suffering from spinal tuberculosis and treated without and with specific anti-tuberculous drugs have been surveyed. 2. The results of treatment by conservative methods and by conventional surgical methods have been compared in the two periods. The attainment of spinal stability as judged by serial examination of radiographs was the main criterion in assessing healing. 3. Although the results of conventional treatment have improved since the advent of chemotherapy, the credit is mainly due to the influence of more frequently and more expertly applied operations. 4. With chemotherapy the well tried medical and surgical procedures produce stable spines in three-quarters of cases. With early operation on the lesion the results are better and more quickly obtained. Of eighty spines on which focal surgery was performed during the past twelve years before the lesions had become extensive, seventy-seven (9·62 per cent) healed by bone. The average duration of hospitalisation after such operation was four and a half months. No patient has had to be readmitted. 5. The difficulties and possible dangers of these methods must be emphasised. The operations are difficult and dangerous when the lesions have been allowed to get out of hand and become unduly extensive. They are contra-indicated in cases where there is very marked deformity. 6. Training in special techniques of operation is necessary. Duplicated drainage of the hemithorax after thoracotomy is essential, and skilled after-care is important if good results are to be obtained

Aims

Hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated collars have been shown to reduce aseptic loosening of massive endoprostheses following primary surgery. Limited information exists about their effectiveness in revision surgery. The aim of this study was to radiologically assess osteointegration to HA-coated collars of cemented massive endoprostheses following revision surgery.

We evaluated the results of fibular centralisation as a stand alone technique to reconstruct defects that occurred after resection of tumours involving the tibial diaphysis and distal metaphysis. Between January 2003 and December 2006, 15 patients underwent excision of tumours of the tibial diaphysis or distal metaphysis and reconstruction by fibular centralisation. Their mean age was 17 years (7 to 40). Two patients were excluded; one died from the complications of chemotherapy and a second needed a below-knee amputation for a recurrent giant-cell tumour. A total of 13 patients were reviewed after a mean follow-up of 29 months (16 to 48). Only 16 of 26 host graft junctions united primarily. Ten junctions in ten patients needed one or more further procedure before union was achieved. At final follow-up 12 of the 13 patients had fully united grafts; 11 walked without aids. The mean time to union at the junctions that united was 12 months (3 to 36). The mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Score was 24.7 (16 to 30). Fibular centralisation is a durable reconstruction for defects of the tibial diaphysis and distal metaphysis with an acceptable functional outcome. Stable osteosynthesis is the key to successful union. Additional bone grafting is recommended for patients who need postoperative radiotherapy

Aims

Orthopaedic and reconstructive surgeons are faced with large defects after the resection of malignant tumours of the sacrum. Spinopelvic reconstruction is advocated for resections above the level of the S1 neural foramina or involving the sacroiliac joint. Fixation may be augmented with either free vascularized fibular flaps (FVFs) or allograft fibular struts (AFSs) in a cathedral style. However, there are no studies comparing these reconstructive techniques.

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Fungal and mycobacterial periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) are rare events. Clinicians are wary of missing these diagnoses, often leading to the routine ordering of fungal and mycobacterial cultures on periprosthetic specimens. Our goal was to examine the utility of these cultures and explore a modern bacterial culture technique using bacterial blood culture bottles (BCBs) as an alternative.

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To investigate whether idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is related to impaired osteoblast activities.

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The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) has demonstrated faster administration, lower burden of data capture and reduced floor and ceiling effects compared to traditional Patient Reported Outcomes Measurements (PROMs). We investigated the suitability of PROMIS Mobility score in assessing physical function in the sequelae of childhood hip disease.

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The aim of this study was to determine whether there is an increased prevalence of scoliosis in patients who have suffered from a haematopoietic malignancy in childhood.

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Urgent referral to a specialist centre for patients with a soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) has been recommended by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) in the UK since 2006. However, the impact of this recommendation on the prognosis for these patients remains unclear. We aimed to determine the impact of the NICE guidelines on the disease-specific survival (DSS) of patients with an STS.

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The purpose was to compare operative treatment with a volar plate and nonoperative treatment of displaced distal radius fractures in patients aged 65 years and over in a cost-effectiveness analysis.

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Femoral bone preparation using compaction technique has been shown to preserve bone and improve implant fixation in animal models. No long-term clinical outcomes are available. There are no significant long-term differences between compaction and broaching techniques for primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) in terms of migration, clinical, and radiological outcomes.

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Time to treatment initiation (TTI) is generally defined as the time from the histological diagnosis of malignancy to the initiation of first definitive treatment. There is no consensus on the impact of TTI on the overall survival in patients with a soft-tissue sarcoma. The purpose of this study was to determine if an increased TTI is associated with overall survival in patients with a soft-tissue sarcoma, and to identify the factors associated with a prolonged TTI.

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The COVID-19 pandemic drastically affected elective orthopaedic services globally as routine orthopaedic activity was largely halted to combat this global threat. Our institution (University College London Hospital, UK) previously showed that during the first peak, a large proportion of patients were hesitant to be listed for their elective lower limb procedure. The aim of this study is to assess if there is a patient perception change towards having elective surgery now that we have passed the peak of the second wave of the pandemic.

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Limb salvage for pelvic sarcomas involving the acetabulum is a major surgical challenge. There remains no consensus about what is the optimum type of reconstruction after resection of the tumour. The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical outcomes in these patients according to the methods of periacetabular reconstruction.