Achieving arthrodesis of the ankle can be difficult
in the presence of infection, deformity, poor soft tissues and bone loss.
We present a series of 48 patients with complex ankle pathology,
treated with the Ilizarov technique. Infection was present in 30
patients and 30 had significant deformity before surgery. Outcome
was assessed clinically and with patient-reported outcome measures
(Modified American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (MAOFAS) scale and
the Short-Form (SF-36)). Arthrodesis was achieved in 40 patients with the Ilizarov technique
alone and in six further patients with additional surgery. Infection
was eradicated in all patients at a mean follow-up of 46.6 months
(13 to 162). Successful arthrodesis was less likely in those with
comorbidities and in tibiocalcaneal fusion compared with tibiotalar
fusion. These patients had poor general health scores compared with the
normal population before surgery. The mean MAOFAS score improved
significantly from 24.3 (0 to 90) pre-operatively to 56.2 (30 to
90) post-operatively, but there was only a modest improvement in
general health; the mean
In a prospective study between August 2002 and August 2005, we studied the quantitative clinical and radiological outcome 36 months after percutaneous vertebroplasty for intractable type-II osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures which had been unresponsive to conservative treatment for at least eight weeks. We also examined the quality of life (QoL). The clinical follow-up involved the use of a pain intensity numerical rating scale (PI-NRS, 0 to 10), the Short-Form 36 (SF-36) QoL questionnaire and an anamnestic questionnaire before and at seven days (PI-NRS only), and one, three, 12 and 36 months post-operatively. A total of 30 consecutive patients received percutaneous vertebroplasty for 62 vertebral compression fractures with a mean time between fracture and treatment of 7.7 months (2.2 to 39). An immediate, significant and lasting reduction in the average and worst back pain was found, represented by a decrease of 3.1 and 2.7 points after seven days and 3.1 and 2.8 points after 36 months, respectively (p <
0.00). Comparison of the pre- and post-vertebroplasty scores on the various
Aims. The widely used and well-proven Palacos R (a.k.a. Refobacin Palacos
R) bone cement is no longer commercially available and was superseded
by Refobacin bone cement R and Palacos R + G in 2005. However, the
performance of these newly introduced bone cements have not been
tested in a phased evidence-based manner, including roentgen stereophotogrammetric
analysis (RSA). Patients and Methods. In this blinded, randomised, clinical RSA study, the migration
of the Stanmore femoral component was compared between Refobacin
bone cement R and Palacos R + G in 62 consecutive total hip arthroplasties.
The primary outcome measure was femoral component migration measured
using RSA and secondary outcomes were Harris hip score (HHS), Hip
disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS), EuroQol 5D (EQ-5D)
and Short Form 36 (SF-36). Results. Femoral component migration was comparable between Refobacin
bone cement R and Palacos R + G during the two-year follow-up period
with an estimated mean difference of 0.06 mm of subsidence (p =
0.56) and 0.08° of retroversion (p = 0.82). Five hips (three Refobacin
bone cement R and two Palacos R + G) showed non-stabilising, continuous
migration; the femoral cement mantle in these hips, was mean 0.7
mm thicker (p = 0.02) and there were more radiolucencies at the
bone-cement interface (p = 0.004) in comparison to hips showing
stabilising migration. Post-operative HHS was comparable throughout
the follow-up period (p = 0.62). HOOS, EQ5D, and
To determine the relationship between articular cartilage status and clinical outcomes after medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOHTO) for medial compartmental knee osteoarthritis at intermediate follow-up. We reviewed 155 patients (155 knees) who underwent MOHTO from January 2008 to December 2016 followed by second-look arthroscopy with a mean 5.3-year follow-up (2.0 to 11.7). Arthroscopic findings were assessed according to the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) Cartilage Repair Assessment (CRA) grading system. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence of normal or nearly normal quality cartilage in the medial femoral condyle: good (second-look arthroscopic) status (ICRS grade I or II; n = 70), and poor (second-look arthroscopic) status (ICRS grade III or IV; n = 85) groups at the time of second-look arthroscopy. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and 36-Item Short Form survey.Aims
Methods
Van Nes rotationplasty may be used for patients
with congenital proximal focal femoral deficiency (PFFD). The lower
limb is rotated to use the ankle and foot as a functional knee joint
within a prosthesis. A small series of cases was investigated to
determine the long-term outcome. At a mean of 21.5 years (11 to
45) after their rotationplasty, a total of 12 prosthetic patients
completed the Short-Form (SF)-36, Faces Pain Scale-Revised, Harris
hip score, Oswestry back pain score and Prosthetic Evaluation Questionnaires,
as did 12 age- and gender-matched normal control participants. A
physical examination and gait analysis, computerised dynamic posturography
(CDP), and timed ‘Up &
Go’ testing was also completed. Wilcoxon
Signed rank test was used to compare each PFFD patient with a matched
control participant with false discovery rate of 5%. There were no differences between the groups in overall health
and well-being on the
Perthes’ disease is an uncommon hip disorder with limited data on the long-term outcomes in adulthood. We partnered with community-based foundations and utilized web-based survey methodology to develop the Adult Perthes Survey, which includes demographics, childhood and adult Perthes’ disease history, the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Activity Scale item, Short Form-36, the Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, and a body pain diagram. Here we investigate the following questions: 1) what is the feasibility of obtaining > 1,000 survey responses from adults who had Perthes’ disease using a web-based platform?; and 2) what are the baseline characteristics and demographic composition of our sample? The survey link was available publicly for 15 months and advertised among support groups. Of 1,505 participants who attempted the Adult Perthes survey, 1,182 completed it with a median timeframe of 11 minutes (IQR 8.633 to 14.72). Participants who dropped out were similar to those who completed the survey on several fixed variables. Participants represented 45 countries including the USA (n = 570; 48%), UK (n = 295; 25%), Australia (n = 133; 11%), and Canada (n = 46; 4%). Of the 1,182 respondents, 58% were female and the mean age was 39 years (SD 12.6).Aims
Methods
We performed a prospective, randomised study on 57 patients older than 60 years of age with unstable, extra-articular fractures of the distal radius to compare the outcome of immobilisation in a cast alone with that using supplementary, percutaneous pinning. Patients treated by percutaneous wires had a statistically significant improvement in dorsal angulation (mean 7°), radial length (mean 3 mm) and radial inclination (mean 3 mm) at one year. However, there was no significant difference in functional outcome in terms of pain, range of movement, grip strength, activities of daily living and the
We undertook a multicentre, prospective study of a series of 112 unstable trochanteric fractures in order to evaluate if internal fixation with a sliding screw device combined with augmentation using a calcium phosphate degradable cement (Norian SRS) could improve the clinical, functional and radiological outcome when compared with fractures treated with a sliding screw device alone. Pain, activities of daily living, health status (SF-36), the strength of the hip abductor muscles and radiological outcome were analysed. Six weeks after surgery, the patients in the augmented group had significantly lower global and functional pain scores (p <
0.003), less pain after walking 50 feet (p <
0.01), and a better return to the activities of daily living (p <
0.05). At follow-up at six weeks and six months, those in the augmented group showed a significant improvement compared with the control group in the
A total of 179 adult patients with displaced intra-articular fractures of the distal radius was randomised to receive indirect percutaneous reduction and external fixation (n = 88) or open reduction and internal fixation (n = 91). Patients were followed up for two years. During the first year the upper limb musculoskeletal function assessment score, the
Higher osteoblastic bone activity is expected in aseptic loosening and painful unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). However, insights into normal bone activity patterns after medial UKAs are lacking. The aim of this study was to identify the evolution in bone activity pattern in well-functioning medial mobile-bearing UKAs. In total, 34 patients (13 female, 21 male; mean age 62 years (41 to 79); BMI 29.7 kg/m2 (23.6 to 42.1)) with 38 medial Oxford partial UKAs (20 left, 18 right; 19 cementless, 14 cemented, and five hybrid) were prospectively followed with sequential 99mTc-hydroxymethane diphosphonate single photon emission CT (SPECT)/CT preoperatively, and at one and two years postoperatively. Changes in mean osteoblastic activity were investigated using a tracer localization scheme with volumes of interest (VOIs), reported by normalized mean tracer values. A SPECT/CT registration platform additionally explored cortical tracer evolution in zones of interest identified by previous experimental research.Aims
Methods
We carried out a retrospective review of 47 intra-articular fractures of the calcaneum treated by open reduction and internal fixation in 45 patients by a single surgeon between 1993 and 2001. The fractures were evaluated before operation by plain radiographs and a CT scan using Sanders’ classification. Osteosynthesis involved a lateral approach and the use of the AO calcaneal plate. The mean follow-up was for ten years (7 to 15). Clinical assessment included the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Score (AOFAS), the Creighton-Nebraska Score, the Kerr, Prothero, Atkins Score and the
Open reduction and plate fixation (ORPF) for displaced proximal humerus fractures can achieve reliably good long-term outcomes. However, a minority of patients have persistent pain and stiffness after surgery and may benefit from open arthrolysis, subacromial decompression, and removal of metalwork (ADROM). The long-term results of ADROM remain unknown; we aimed to assess outcomes of patients undergoing this procedure for stiffness following ORPF, and assess predictors of poor outcome. Between 1998 and 2018, 424 consecutive patients were treated with primary ORPF for proximal humerus fracture. ADROM was offered to symptomatic patients with a healed fracture at six months postoperatively. Patients were followed up retrospectively with demographic data, fracture characteristics, and complications recorded. Active range of motion (aROM), Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS), and EuroQol five-dimension three-level questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L) were recorded preoperatively and postoperatively.Aims
Methods
The in-cement technique for revision hip arthroplasty involves retaining the original cement-bone interface. This has been proven to be a biomechanically stronger method than recementing after complete removal of the original cement mantle. This study reviewed a series of 54 consecutive revision hip arthroplasty procedures, using the in-cement technique, between November 1999 and November 2003. Clinical and radiological follow-up included functional assessment. There were 54 procedures performed in 51 patients, whose mean age at surgery was 70.3 years (45 to 85). A total of 42 were available at a mean follow-up of 29.2 months (6 to 51). There was no radiological evidence of loosening. Functional assessments were available for 40 patients who had a mean Harris hip score of 85.2 (51.9 to 98.5), a mean Oxford hip score of 19.6 (12 to 41), a mean UCLA activity profile score of 5.9 (3 to 8) and a mean
The Short Form-36 (SF-36) health questionnaire has been put forward as a general measure of outcome in health care and has been evaluated in several recent studies in the UK. We report its use in three groups of patients after spinal operations and have compared it with the Oswestry and Low Back Pain disability scales. There was a significant correlation between all variables of the
We carried out a prospective study of 93 patients undergoing surgery for conditions of the rotator cuff during 1994 and 1995. They were assessed before operation and after six months, and four years, using the patient-based Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS), the
We randomised prospectively 60 consecutive patients who were undergoing internal fixation of similar fractures of the ankle into two groups, one of which was treated by immobilisation in a below-knee cast and the other by a functional brace with early movement. All were instructed to avoid weight-bearing on the affected side. They were seen at 6, 12, 26 and 52 weeks. The functional rating scale of Mazur et al was used to evaluate the patients at each follow-up and we recorded the time of return to work. After one year the patients completed the
We studied prospectively 22 young athletes who had undergone surgical treatment for lumbar spondylolysis. There were 15 men and seven women with a mean age of 20.2 years (15 to 34). Of these, 13 were professional footballers, four professional cricketers, three hockey players, one a tennis player and one a golfer. Preoperative assessment included plain radiography, single positron-emission CT, planar bone scanning and reverse-gantry CT. In all patients the Oswestry disability index (ODI) and in 19 the Short-Form 36 (SF-36) scores were determined preoperatively, and both were measured again after two years in all patients. Three patients had a Scott’s fusion and 19 a Buck’s fusion. The mean duration of back pain before surgery was 9.4 months (6 to 36). The mean size of the defect as determined by CT was 3.5 mm (1 to 8) and the mean preoperative and postoperative ODIs were 39.5 (. sd. 8.7) and 10.7 (. sd. 12.9), respectively. The mean scores for the physical component of the