Osteoporosis is a systemic bone metabolic disease, which often occurs among the elderly. Angelica polysaccharide (AP) is the main component of angelica sinensis, and is widely used for treating various diseases. However, the effects of AP on osteoporosis have not been investigated. This study aimed to uncover the functions of AP in mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) proliferation and osteoblast differentiation. MSCs were treated with different concentrations of AP, and then cell viability, Cyclin D1 protein level, and the osteogenic markers of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osteocalcin (OCN), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) were examined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and western blot assays, respectively. The effect of AP on the main signalling pathways of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) and Wnt/β-catenin was determined by western blot. Following this, si-H19#1 and si-H19#2 were transfected into MSCs, and the effects of H19 on cell proliferation and osteoblast differentiation in MSCs were studied. Finally, Objectives
Methods
Periprosthetic femoral fractures (PFFs) have a higher incidence with cementless stems. The highest incidence among various cementless stem types was observed with double-wedged stems. Short stems have been introduced as a bone-preserving alternative with a higher incidence of PFF in some studies. The purpose of this study was a direct load-to-failure comparison of a double-wedged cementless stem and a short cementless stem in a cadaveric fracture model. Eight hips from four human cadaveric specimens (age mean 76 years (60 to 89)) and eight fourth-generation composite femurs were used. None of the cadaveric specimens had compromised quality (mean T value 0.4 (-1.0 to 5.7)). Each specimen from a pair randomly received either a double-wedged stem or a short stem. A materials testing machine was used for lateral load-to-failure test of up to a maximal load of 5000 N.Objectives
Methods
We have investigated the use of a conically-shaped cement plug made of Polyactive (PA), a biodegradable copolymer. The flexibility and hydrogel properties were thought to facilitate occlusion of the femoral canal even when it was oval or irregular in shape. The function of the plug was first compared with that of the Thackray polyethylene model in 16 artificial plastic femora. The maximum intramedullary pressure achieved during cementing was ten times higher with the biodegradable model. Migration or leakage of cement did not occur when the diameter of the femoral canal was equal to or smaller than the diameter of the plug. We also showed that the biodegradable properties of this implant were such that it did not require removal during revision. The new plug was tested in a pilot
In previous randomised
We performed a prospective, double-blind, randomised,
We have reviewed 185 articles published since 1966 to assess the scientific evidence for methods of treatment for lateral epicondylitis of the elbow. Of the 185 articles, 78 discussed treatment, but since the natural history of the syndrome is uncertain we considered only those series with concurrent control groups. Only 18 of these were randomised and controlled studies. We then graded these papers for scientific validity, using the methods of Chalmers et al (1981). The mean score of the 18 articles was only 33%, with a range from 6% to 73%. A minimum of 70% is required for a valid
We excised the anterior cruciate ligament from the left stifle of 24 sheep and replaced it by a polyester fibre implant routed 'over the top' of the femoral condyle and fixed, using grommets and screws. All the joints were sound, and the animals moved normally until they were killed at six, 12 and 24 months after operation. We found that the implants were always covered by host tissue, which matured into bundles with a histological appearance similar to the natural ligament. The implants were joined to the bones by organised fibrous tissue and there was no anchorage loosening. There was no synovitis, but the operated joints showed progressive cartilage degeneration. The reconstructed joints became less stable immediately after operation, but regained normal stability as the neoligaments developed. The neoligaments lost strength with time, despite tissue ingrowth. The good functional, biomechanical, and histological results justify
We performed a randomised, controlled
Irrigation is the cornerstone of treating skeletal infection by eliminating pathogens in wounds. A previous study shows that irrigation with normal saline (0.9%) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) could improve the removal of We established three wound infection models (skin defect, bone-exposed, implant-exposed) by inoculating the wounds with a variety of representative drug-resistant bacteria including methicillin-resistant Objectives
Methods
The use of the haptically bounded saw blades in robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty (RTKA) can potentially help to limit surrounding soft-tissue injuries. However, there are limited data characterizing these injuries for cruciate-retaining (CR) TKA with the use of this technique. The objective of this cadaver study was to compare the extent of soft-tissue damage sustained through a robotic-assisted, haptically guided TKA (RATKA) A total of 12 fresh-frozen pelvis-to-toe cadaver specimens were included. Four surgeons each prepared three RATKA and three MTKA specimens for cruciate-retaining TKAs. A RATKA was performed on one knee and a MTKA on the other. Postoperatively, two additional surgeons assessed and graded damage to 14 key anatomical structures in a blinded manner. Kruskal–Wallis hypothesis tests were performed to assess statistical differences in soft-tissue damage between RATKA and MTKA cases.Objectives
Methods
Animal studies have shown that implanted anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) grafts initially undergo a process of revascularisation prior to remodelling, ultimately increasing mechanical strength. We investigated whether minimal debridement of the intercondylar notch and the residual stump of the ruptured ACL leads to earlier revascularisation in ACL reconstruction in humans. We undertook a randomised controlled
We investigated patient characteristics and outcomes of Vancouver type B periprosthetic fractures treated with femoral component revision and/or osteosynthesis. The study utilized data from the Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register (SHAR) and information from patient records. We included all primary total hip arthroplasties (THAs) performed in Sweden since 1979, and undergoing further surgery due to Vancouver type B periprosthetic femoral fracture between 2001 and 2011. The primary outcome measure was any further reoperation between 2001 and 2013. Cross-referencing with the National Patient Register was performed in two stages, in order to identify all surgical procedures not recorded on the SHAR.Aims
Patients and Methods
The aim of this study was to conduct the largest low contact stress (LCS) retrieval study to elucidate the failure mechanisms of the Porocoat and Duofix femoral component. The latter design was voluntarily recalled by the manufacturer. Uncemented LCS explants were divided into three groups: Duofix, Porocoat, and mixed. Demographics, polyethylene wear, tissue ingrowth, and metallurgical analyses were performed.Aims
Materials and Methods
The primary aim of this study was to determine if delayed clavicular fixation results in a greater risk of operative complications and revision surgery. A retrospective case series was undertaken of all displaced clavicular fractures that underwent plate fixation over a ten-year period (2007 to 2017). Patient demographics, time to surgery, complications, and mode of failure were collected. Logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors contributing towards operative complications. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine if a potential ‘safe window’ exists from injury to delayed surgery. Propensity score matching was used to construct a case control study for comparison of risk.Aims
Patients and Methods
The aim of this study was to assess the influence of operating time on 30-day complications following total hip arthroplasty (THA). We identified patients aged 18 years and older who underwent THA between 2006 and 2016 from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database. We identified 131 361 patients, with a mean age of 65 years (Aims
Patients and Methods
Recent
1. In Northern Ireland a campaign to eradicate congenital dislocation of the hip by neonatal demonstration of abnormal laxity and early splintage has been reviewed. The number of live births in the area covered is approximately 30,000 per annum. 2. The results to date suggest that the problem has been greatly over-simplified. The number of established dislocations has not fallen appreciably. 3. Failures have occurred both in early diagnosis and in early treatment. 4. To help close the diagnostic net all children should be screened again during the first year. Infants born by breech presentation and infants with a family history of dislocation should have radiographs taken in the early months, even if
1 . A preliminary report is presented of a