We performed a randomised prospective trial to compare the results of 27 cemented and 26 uncemented bipolar hemiarthroplasties in active patients with displaced subcapital fractures of the femoral neck. After a mean follow-up of 17 months, significantly more of the uncemented group were experiencing pain in the hip and using more walking aids than the patients in the cemented group. The incidence of
The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of conducting a full-scale, appropriately powered, randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing internal fracture fixation and distal femoral replacement (DFR) for distal femoral fractures in older patients. Seven centres recruited patients into the study. Patients were eligible if they were greater than 65 years of age with a distal femoral fracture, and if the surgeon felt that they were suitable for either form of treatment. Outcome measures included the patients’ willingness to participate, clinicians’ willingness to recruit, rates of loss to follow-up, the ability to capture data, estimates of standard deviation to inform the sample size calculation, and the main determinants of cost. The primary clinical outcome measure was the EuroQol five-dimensional index (EQ-5D) at six months following injury.Aims
Patients and Methods
The aim of this study was to review the impact of smoking tobacco on the musculoskeletal system, and on bone fractures in particular. English-language publications of human and animal studies categorizing subjects into smokers and nonsmokers were sourced from MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, and SCOPUS. This review specifically focused on the risk, surgical treatment, and prevention of fracture complications in smokers.Objectives
Methods
The best marker for assessing glycaemic control prior to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess the utility of fructosamine compared with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in predicting early complications following TKA, and to determine the threshold above which the risk of complications increased markedly. This prospective multi-institutional study evaluated primary TKA patients from four academic institutions. Patients (both diabetics and non-diabetics) were assessed using fructosamine and HbA1c levels within 30 days of surgery. Complications were assessed for 12 weeks from surgery and included prosthetic joint infection (PJI), wound complication, re-admission, re-operation, and death. The Youden’s index was used to determine the cut-off for fructosamine and HbA1c associated with complications. Two additional cut-offs for HbA1c were examined: 7% and 7.5% and compared with fructosamine as a predictor for complications.Aims
Patients and Methods
Fifty-three failed knee replacements were revised using minimally constrained implants with smooth uncemented intramedullary stems and metal-backed tibial components. Polymethylmethacrylate was used only to replace lost bone near the surface of the implant. Excluding four knees which had serious
The aim of this study was to determine whether closed suction drain (CSD) use influences recovery of quadriceps strength and to examine the effects of drain use on secondary outcomes: quadriceps activation, intra-articular effusion, bioelectrical measure of swelling, range of movement (ROM), pain, and wound healing complications. A total of 29 patients undergoing simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) were enrolled in a prospective, randomized blinded study. Patients were randomized to receive a CSD in one limb while the contralateral limb had the use of a subcutaneous drain (SCDRN) without the use of suction (‘sham drain’). Isometric quadriceps strength was collected as the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes consisted of quadriceps activation, intra-articular effusion measured via ultrasound, lower limb swelling measured with bioelectrical impendence and limb girth, knee ROM, and pain. Outcomes were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively at day two, two and six weeks, and three months. Differences between limbs were determined using paired Student’s Aims
Patients and Methods
Eleven total knee replacements were performed in eight patients with severe haemophilia A and the patients were followed up for two to eight years. All the patients had disabling haemophilic arthropathy of one or both knees, which had not responded to conservative treatment.
We examined 36 consecutive patients with closed tibial plateau fractures under anaesthesia and by diagnostic and operative arthroscopy before treating them by closed or open reduction and internal fixation. Following the principle of Hohl (1967) (Fig. 1) there were 9 minimally displaced fractures (type I), 6 with local depression (type II), 13 with split depression (type III), 7 with total condylar depression (type IV), and one bicondylar comminuted upper tibial fracture (type V). Seventeen (47%) of knees were found to have associated meniscal injuries which required surgical treatment; five repairs and 12 partial meniscectomies. Neither the type of plateau fracture nor the presence or absence of ligament injury correlated with meniscal tear. There were no intraoperative or
Up to 10% of fractures result in undesirable outcomes, for which female sex is a risk factor. Cellular sex differences have been implicated in these different healing processes. Better understanding of the mechanisms underlying bone healing and sex differences in this process is key to improved clinical outcomes. This study utilized a macrophage–mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) coculture system to determine: 1) the precise timing of proinflammatory (M1) to anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophage transition for optimal bone formation; and 2) how such immunomodulation was affected by male A primary murine macrophage-MSC coculture system was used to demonstrate the optimal transition time from M1 to M2 (polarized from M1 with interleukin (IL)-4) macrophages to maximize matrix mineralization in male and female MSCs. Outcome variables included Alizarin Red staining, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and osteocalcin protein secretion.Objectives
Methods
Serial serum C-reactive protein (CRP) measurements were made, for three weeks, in 42 consecutive patients with solitary tibial fractures. The CRP response was related to the treatment: lower values were observed in 27 patients treated conservatively than in 15 operated patients. Open reduction and plating resulted in a greater response than closed intramedullary nailing. The timing of the CRP response was related to the timing of the treatment: the highest values were usually recorded two days after admission or operation. The timing of the operation did not affect the degree of CRP response. Neither the site, nor the type of fracture, nor the age of the patient played any role. Awareness of these natural CRP responses after fractures may help in the diagnosis of early post-traumatic and
Experimental studies indicate that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may have negative effects on fracture healing. This study aimed to assess the effect of immediate and delayed short-term administration of clinically relevant parecoxib doses and timing on fracture healing using an established animal fracture model. A standardized closed tibia shaft fracture was induced and stabilized by reamed intramedullary nailing in 66 Wistar rats. A ‘parecoxib immediate’ (Pi) group received parecoxib (3.2 mg/kg bodyweight twice per day) on days 0, 1, and 2. A ‘parecoxib delayed’ (Pd) group received the same dose of parecoxib on days 3, 4, and 5. A control group received saline only. Fracture healing was evaluated by biomechanical tests, histomorphometry, and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at four weeks.Objectives
Methods
We report a prospective study, using multivariate analysis, of the factors which influence the range of movement after total knee arthroplasty in 74 patients with 83 arthroplasties at a mean follow-up of 23.6 months (12 to 41). All the patients had a diagnosis of osteoarthritis, a severely disabled knee with a Knee Society system score of less than 60, varus deformity, no previous surgery to the knee, identical prostheses implanted with a similar surgical technique, and no
The aim of this study was to utilize a national paediatric inpatient database to determine whether obesity influences the operative management and inpatient outcomes of paediatric limb fractures. The Kids’ Inpatient Database (KID) was used to evaluate children between birth and 17 years of age, from 1997 and 2012, who had undergone open and closed treatment of humeral, radial and ulna, femoral, tibial, and ankle fractures. Demographics, hospital charges, lengths of stay (LOS), and complications were analyzed.Aims
Patients and Methods
We report eight cases of sacrococcygeal chordoma treated by high sacral resection through S2 by a posterior approach, with the intention of achieving radical removal. The technique we describe is easier than the combined abdominosacral approach, and there have been no serious intra-operative or
There is an increasing demand for hip arthroplasty in China. We aimed to describe trends in in-hospital mortality after this procedure in China and to examine the potential risk factors. We included 210 450 patients undergoing primary hip arthroplasty registered in the Hospital Quality Monitoring System in China between 2013 and 2016. In-hospital mortality after hip arthroplasty and its relation to potential risk factors were assessed using multivariable Poisson regression.Aims
Patients and Methods
The treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (FHN) is controversial. It mainly occurs in young patients in whom total hip replacement is best avoided because of an increased risk of revision. The objective of this long-term follow-up study was to evaluate the outcome of intertrochanteric flexion osteotomy as a hip joint preserving operation for FHN. Over a 19-year period we carried out 70 intertrochanteric flexion osteotomies for FHN in 64 patients. The mean follow-up was 10.4 years (3.0 to 20.3). The overall mean Harris hip score increased from 51 points preoperatively to 71 points postoperatively. Six patients (9%) developed early
The Gamma nail was designed to treat unstable intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures. The device was developed after cadaver studies and has been used clinically since February 1985 in a total of 421 patients. The results in 123 patients treated by the third version of this design are reported. The Gamma nail transmits weight closer to the calcar than does the dynamic hip screw and it has greater mechanical strength. A semi-closed operative technique is used, with an average duration of operation of 35 minutes and little blood loss. Distal locking screws can be used to maintain rotational stability, and can be inserted without the use of an image intensifier. Results showed satisfactory fracture union with little loss of position, even in comminuted fractures. Operative complications were few, but included fractures of the base of the greater trochanter. The most important
The aim of this study was to report the results of custom-made endoprostheses with extracortical plates plus or minus a short, intramedullary stem aimed at preserving the physis after resection of bone sarcomas in children. Between 2007 and 2017, 18 children aged less than 16 years old who underwent resection of bone sarcomas, leaving ≤ 5 cm of bone from the physis, and reconstruction with a custom-made endoprosthesis were reviewed. Median follow-up was 67 months (interquartile range 45 to 91). The tumours were located in the femur in 11 patients, proximal humerus in six, and proximal tibia in one.Aims
Patients and Methods