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The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 90-B, Issue 12 | Pages 1541 - 1547
1 Dec 2008
Bush PG Hall AC Macnicol MF

The mammalian growth plate is a complex structure which is essential for the elongation of long bones. However, an understanding of how the growth plate functions at the cellular level is lacking. This review, summarises the factors involved in growth-plate regulation, its failure and the consequence of injury. We also describe some of the cellular mechanisms which underpin the increase in volume of the growth-plate chondrocyte which is the major determinant of the rate and extent of bone lengthening. We show how living in situ chondrocytes can be imaged using 2-photon laser scanning microscopy to provide a quantitative analysis of their volume. This approach should give better understanding of the cellular control of bone growth in both healthy and failed growth plates.


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 89-B, Issue 12 | Pages 1553 - 1560
1 Dec 2007
Gaston MS Simpson AHRW

This paper reviews the current literature concerning the main clinical factors which can impair the healing of fractures and makes recommendations on avoiding or minimising these in order to optimise the outcome for patients. The clinical implications are described.


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 88-B, Issue 10 | Pages 1272 - 1278
1 Oct 2006
Giannoudis PV Schneider E

Despite advances in the prevention and treatment of osteoporotic fractures, their prevalence continues to increase. Their operative treatment remains a challenge for the surgeon, often with unpredictable outcomes. This review highlights the current aspects of management of these fractures and focuses on advances in implant design and surgical technique.


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 87-B, Issue 11 | Pages 1454 - 1458
1 Nov 2005
Govender S