Advertisement for orthosearch.org.uk
Results 1 - 20 of 29
Results per page:
Bone & Joint Research
Vol. 11, Issue 12 | Pages 862 - 872
1 Dec 2022
Wang M Tan G Jiang H Liu A Wu R Li J Sun Z Lv Z Sun W Shi D

Aims. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease worldwide, which is characterized by articular cartilage lesions. With more understanding of the disease, OA is considered to be a disorder of the whole joint. However, molecular communication within and between tissues during the disease process is still unclear. In this study, we used transcriptome data to reveal crosstalk between different tissues in OA. Methods. We used four groups of transcription profiles acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, including articular cartilage, meniscus, synovium, and subchondral bone, to screen differentially expressed genes during OA. Potential crosstalk between tissues was depicted by ligand-receptor pairs. Results. During OA, there were 626, 97, 1,060, and 2,330 differentially expressed genes in articular cartilage, meniscus, synovium, and subchondral bone, respectively. Gene Ontology enrichment revealed that these genes were enriched in extracellular matrix and structure organization, ossification, neutrophil degranulation, and activation at different degrees. Through ligand-receptor pairing and proteome of OA synovial fluid, we predicted ligand-receptor interactions and constructed a crosstalk atlas of the whole joint. Several interactions were reproduced by transwell experiment in chondrocytes and synovial cells, including TNC-NT5E, TNC-SDC4, FN1-ITGA5, and FN1-NT5E. After lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or interleukin (IL)-1β stimulation, the ligand expression of chondrocytes and synovial cells was upregulated, and corresponding receptors of co-culture cells were also upregulated. Conclusion. Each tissue displayed a different expression pattern in transcriptome, demonstrating their specific roles in OA. We highlighted tissue molecular crosstalk through ligand-receptor pairs in OA pathophysiology, and generated a crosstalk atlas. Strategies to interfere with these candidate ligands and receptors may help to discover molecular targets for future OA therapy. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(12):862–872


Bone & Joint Research
Vol. 12, Issue 10 | Pages 615 - 623
3 Oct 2023
Helwa-Shalom O Saba F Spitzer E Hanhan S Goren K Markowitz SI Shilo D Khaimov N Gellman YN Deutsch D Blumenfeld A Nevo H Haze A

Aims. Cartilage injuries rarely heal spontaneously and often require surgical intervention, leading to the formation of biomechanically inferior fibrous tissue. This study aimed to evaluate the possible effect of amelogenin on the healing process of a large osteochondral injury (OCI) in a rat model. Methods. A reproducible large OCI was created in the right leg femoral trochlea of 93 rats. The OCIs were treated with 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, or 5.0 μg/μl recombinant human amelogenin protein (rHAM. +. ) dissolved in propylene glycol alginate (PGA) carrier, or with PGA carrier alone. The degree of healing was evaluated 12 weeks after treatment by morphometric analysis and histological evaluation. Cell recruitment to the site of injury as well as the origin of the migrating cells were assessed four days after treatment with 0.5 μg/μl rHAM. +. using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Results. A total of 12 weeks after treatment, 0.5 μg/μl rHAM. +. brought about significant repair of the subchondral bone and cartilage. Increased expression of proteoglycan and type II collagen and decreased expression of type I collagen were revealed at the surface of the defect, and an elevated level of type X collagen at the newly developed tide mark region. Conversely, the control group showed osteoarthritic alterations. Recruitment of cells expressing the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers CD105 and STRO-1, from adjacent bone marrow toward the OCI, was noted four days after treatment. Conclusion. We found that 0.5 μg/μl rHAM. +. induced in vivo healing of injured articular cartilage and subchondral bone in a rat model, preventing the destructive post-traumatic osteoarthritic changes seen in control OCIs, through paracrine recruitment of cells a few days after treatment. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(10):615–623


Bone & Joint Research
Vol. 7, Issue 3 | Pages 205 - 212
1 Mar 2018
Lin Y Hall AC Simpson AHRW

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to create a novel ex vivo organ culture model for evaluating the effects of static and dynamic load on cartilage. Methods. The metatarsophalangeal joints of 12 fresh cadaveric bovine feet were skinned and dissected aseptically, and cultured for up to four weeks. Dynamic movement was applied using a custom-made machine on six joints, with the others cultured under static conditions. Chondrocyte viability and matrix glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content were evaluated by the cell viability probes, 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate (CMFDA) and propidium iodide (PI), and dimethylmethylene blue (DMMB) assay, respectively. Results. Chondrocyte viability in the static model decreased significantly from 89.9% (. sd. 2.5%) (Day 0) to 66.5% (. sd. 13.1%) (Day 28), 94.7% (. sd. 1.1%) to 80. 9% (. sd. 5.8%) and 80.1% (. sd. 3.0%) to 46.9% (. sd. 8.5%) in the superficial quarter, central half and deep quarter of cartilage, respectively (p < 0.001 in each zone; one-way analysis of variance). The GAG content decreased significantly from 6.01 μg/mg (. sd. 0.06) (Day 0) to 4.71 μg/mg (. sd. 0.06) (Day 28) (p < 0.001; one-way analysis of variance). However, with dynamic movement, chondrocyte viability and GAG content were maintained at the Day 0 level over the four-week period without a significant change (chondrocyte viability: 92.0% (. sd. 4.0%) (Day 0) to 89.9% (. sd. 0.2%) (Day 28), 93.1% (. sd. 1.5%) to 93.8% (. sd. 0.9%) and 85.6% (. sd. 0.8%) to 84.0% (. sd. 2.9%) in the three corresponding zones; GAG content: 6.18 μg/mg (. sd. 0.15) (Day 0) to 6.06 μg/mg (. sd. 0.09) (Day 28)). Conclusion. Dynamic joint movement maintained chondrocyte viability and cartilage GAG content. This long-term whole joint culture model could be of value in providing a more natural and controlled platform for investigating the influence of joint movement on articular cartilage, and for evaluating novel therapies for cartilage repair. Cite this article: Y-C. Lin, A. C. Hall, A. H. R. W. Simpson. A novel organ culture model of a joint for the evaluation of static and dynamic load on articular cartilage. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:205–212. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.73.BJR-2017-0320


Bone & Joint Research
Vol. 10, Issue 8 | Pages 514 - 525
2 Aug 2021
Chen C Kang L Chang L Cheng T Lin S Wu S Lin Y Chuang S Lee T Chang J Ho M

Aims

Osteoarthritis (OA) is prevalent among the elderly and incurable. Intra-articular parathyroid hormone (PTH) ameliorated OA in papain-induced and anterior cruciate ligament transection-induced OA models; therefore, we hypothesized that PTH improved OA in a preclinical age-related OA model.

Methods

Guinea pigs aged between six and seven months of age were randomized into control or treatment groups. Three- or four-month-old guinea pigs served as the young control group. The knees were administered 40 μl intra-articular injections of 10 nM PTH or vehicle once a week for three months. Their endurance as determined from time on the treadmill was evaluated before kill. Their tibial plateaus were analyzed using microcalculated tomography (μCT) and histological studies.


Bone & Joint Research
Vol. 12, Issue 4 | Pages 259 - 273
6 Apr 2023
Lu R Wang Y Qu Y Wang S Peng C You H Zhu W Chen A

Aims. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent joint disorder with inflammatory response and cartilage deterioration as its main features. Dihydrocaffeic acid (DHCA), a bioactive component extracted from natural plant (gynura bicolor), has demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties in various diseases. We aimed to explore the chondroprotective effect of DHCA on OA and its potential mechanism. Methods. In vitro, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) was used to establish the mice OA chondrocytes. Cell counting kit-8 evaluated chondrocyte viability. Western blotting analyzed the expression levels of collagen II, aggrecan, SOX9, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), IL-6, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs: MMP1, MMP3, and MMP13), and signalling molecules associated with nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Immunofluorescence analysis assessed the expression of aggrecan, collagen II, MMP13, and p-P65. In vivo, a destabilized medial meniscus (DMM) surgery was used to induce mice OA knee joints. After injection of DHCA or a vehicle into the injured joints, histological staining gauged the severity of cartilage damage. Results. DHCA prevented iNOS and IL-6 from being upregulated by IL-1β. Moreover, the IL-1β-induced upregulation of MMPs could be inhibited by DHCA. Additionally, the administration of DHCA counteracted IL-1β-induced downregulation of aggrecan, collagen II, and SOX9. DHCA protected articular cartilage by blocking the NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Furthermore, DHCA mitigated the destruction of articular cartilage in vivo. Conclusion. We present evidence that DHCA alleviates inflammation and cartilage degradation in OA chondrocytes via suppressing the NF-κB and MAPK pathways, indicating that DHCA may be a potential agent for OA treatment. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(4):259–273


Bone & Joint Research
Vol. 12, Issue 1 | Pages 46 - 57
17 Jan 2023
Piñeiro-Ramil M Sanjurjo-Rodríguez C Rodríguez-Fernández S Hermida-Gómez T Blanco-García FJ Fuentes-Boquete I Vaamonde-García C Díaz-Prado S

Aims. After a few passages of in vitro culture, primary human articular chondrocytes undergo senescence and loss of their phenotype. Most of the available chondrocyte cell lines have been obtained from cartilage tissues different from diarthrodial joints, and their utility for osteoarthritis (OA) research is reduced. Thus, the goal of this research was the development of immortalized chondrocyte cell lines proceeded from the articular cartilage of patients with and without OA. Methods. Using telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and SV40 large T antigen (SV40LT), we transduced primary OA articular chondrocytes. Proliferative capacity, degree of senescence, and chondrocyte surface antigen expression in transduced chondrocytes were evaluated. In addition, the capacity of transduced chondrocytes to synthesize a tissue similar to cartilage and to respond to interleukin (IL)-1β was assessed. Results. Coexpression of both transgenes (SV40 and hTERT) were observed in the nuclei of transduced chondrocytes. Generated chondrocyte cell lines showed a high proliferation capacity and less than 2% of senescent cells. These cell lines were able to form 3D aggregates analogous to those generated by primary articular chondrocytes, but were unsuccessful in synthesizing cartilage-like tissue when seeded on type I collagen sponges. However, generated chondrocyte cell lines maintained the potential to respond to IL-1β stimulation. Conclusion. Through SV40LT and hTERT transduction, we successfully immortalized chondrocytes. These immortalized chondrocytes were able to overcome senescence in vitro, but were incapable of synthesizing cartilage-like tissue under the experimental conditions. Nonetheless, these chondrocyte cell lines could be advantageous for OA investigation since, similarly to primary articular chondrocytes, they showed capacity to upregulate inflammatory mediators in response to the IL-1β cytokine. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(1):46–57


Bone & Joint Research
Vol. 13, Issue 4 | Pages 137 - 148
1 Apr 2024
Lu Y Ho T Huang C Yeh S Chen S Tsao Y

Aims. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is known to induce several types of tissue regeneration by activating tissue-specific stem cells. Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of PEDF 29-mer peptide in the damaged articular cartilage (AC) in rat osteoarthritis (OA). Methods. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) were isolated from rat bone marrow (BM) and used to evaluate the impact of 29-mer on chondrogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs in culture. Knee OA was induced in rats by a single intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) in the right knees (set to day 0). The 29-mer dissolved in 5% hyaluronic acid (HA) was intra-articularly injected into right knees at day 8 and 12 after MIA injection. Subsequently, the therapeutic effect of the 29-mer/HA on OA was evaluated by the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) histopathological scoring system and changes in hind paw weight distribution, respectively. The regeneration of chondrocytes in damaged AC was detected by dual-immunostaining of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and chondrogenic markers. Results. The 29-mer promoted expansion and chondrogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs cultured in different defined media. MIA injection caused chondrocyte death throughout the AC, with cartilage degeneration thereafter. The 29-mer/HA treatment induced extensive chondrocyte regeneration in the damaged AC and suppressed MIA-induced synovitis, accompanied by the recovery of cartilage matrix. Pharmacological inhibitors of PEDF receptor (PEDFR) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signalling substantially blocked the chondrogenic promoting activity of 29-mer on the cultured BM-MSCs and injured AC. Conclusion. The 29-mer/HA formulation effectively induces chondrocyte regeneration and formation of cartilage matrix in the damaged AC. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2024;13(4):137–148


Bone & Joint Research
Vol. 12, Issue 10 | Pages 667 - 676
19 Oct 2023
Forteza-Genestra MA Antich-Rosselló M Ramis-Munar G Calvo J Gayà A Monjo M Ramis JM

Aims. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles secreted by all cells, enriched in proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids related to cell-to-cell communication and vital components of cell-based therapies. Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-derived EVs have been studied as an alternative for osteoarthritis (OA) treatment. However, their clinical translation is hindered by industrial and regulatory challenges. In contrast, platelet-derived EVs might reach clinics faster since platelet concentrates, such as platelet lysates (PL), are already used in therapeutics. Hence, we aimed to test the therapeutic potential of PL-derived extracellular vesicles (pEVs) as a new treatment for OA, which is a degenerative joint disease of articular cartilage and does not have any curative or regenerative treatment, by comparing its effects to those of human umbilical cord MSC-derived EVs (cEVs) on an ex vivo OA-induced model using human cartilage explants. Methods. pEVs and cEVs were isolated by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and physically characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), protein content, and purity. OA conditions were induced in human cartilage explants (10 ng/ml oncostatin M and 2 ng/ml tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)) and treated with 1 × 10. 9. particles of pEVs or cEVs for 14 days. Then, DNA, glycosaminoglycans (GAG), and collagen content were quantified, and a histological study was performed. EV uptake was monitored using PKH26 labelled EVs. Results. Significantly higher content of DNA and collagen was observed for the pEV-treated group compared to control and cEV groups. No differences were found in GAG quantification nor in EVs uptake within any treated group. Conclusion. In conclusion, pEVs showed better performance than cEVs in our in vitro OA model. Although further studies are needed, pEVs are shown as a potential alternative to cEVs for cell-free regenerative medicine. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(10):667–676


Bone & Joint Research
Vol. 11, Issue 11 | Pages 826 - 834
17 Nov 2022
Kawai T Nishitani K Okuzu Y Goto K Kuroda Y Kuriyama S Nakamura S Matsuda S

Aims. The preventive effects of bisphosphonates on articular cartilage in non-arthritic joints are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of oral bisphosphonates on the rate of joint space narrowing in the non-arthritic hip. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed standing whole-leg radiographs from patients who underwent knee arthroplasties from 2012 to 2020 at our institute. Patients with previous hip surgery, Kellgren–Lawrence grade ≥ II hip osteoarthritis, hip dysplasia, or rheumatoid arthritis were excluded. The rate of hip joint space narrowing was measured in 398 patients (796 hips), and the effects of the use of bisphosphonates were examined using the multivariate regression model and the propensity score matching (1:2) model. Results. A total of 45 of 398 (11.3%) eligible patients were taking an oral bisphosphonate at the time of knee surgery, with a mean age of 75.8 years (SD 6.2) in bisphosphonate users and 75.7 years (SD 6.8) in non-users. The mean joint space narrowing rate was 0.04 mm/year (SD 0.11) in bisphosphonate users and 0.12 mm/year (SD 0.25) in non-users (p < 0.001). In the multivariate model, age (standardized coefficient = 0.0867, p = 0.016) and the use of a bisphosphonate (standardized coefficient = −0.182, p < 0.001) were associated with the joint space narrowing rate. After successfully matching 43 bisphosphonate users and 86 non-users, the joint narrowing rate was smaller in bisphosphonate users (p < 0.001). Conclusion. The use of bisphosphonates is associated with decreased joint degeneration in non-arthritic hips after knee arthroplasty. Bisphosphonates slow joint degeneration, thus maintaining the thickness of joint cartilage in the normal joint or during the early phase of osteoarthritis. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(11):826–834


Bone & Joint Research
Vol. 9, Issue 9 | Pages 578 - 586
1 Sep 2020
Ma M Liang X Wang X Zhang L Cheng S Guo X Zhang F Wen Y

Aims. Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is a kind of chronic osteochondropathy, thought to be caused by environmental risk factors such as T-2 toxin. However, the exact aetiology of KBD remains unclear. In this study, we explored the functional relevance and biological mechanism of cartilage oligosaccharide matrix protein (COMP) in the articular cartilage damage of KBD. Methods. The articular cartilage specimens were collected from five KBD patients and five control subjects for cell culture. The messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression levels were detected by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot. The survival rate of C28/I2 chondrocyte cell line was detected by MTT assay after T-2 toxin intervention. The cell viability and mRNA expression levels of apoptosis related genes between COMP-overexpression groups and control groups were examined after cell transfection. Results. The mRNA and protein expression levels of COMP were significantly lower in KBD chondrocytes than control chondrocytes. After the T-2 toxin intervention, the COMP mRNA expression of C28/I2 chondrocyte reduced and the protein level of COMP in three intervention groups was significantly lower than in the control group. MTT assay showed that the survival rate of COMP overexpression KBD chondrocytes were notably higher than in the blank control group. The mRNA expression levels of Survivin, SOX9, Caspase-3, and type II collagen were also significantly different among COMP overexpression, negative control, and blank control groups. Conclusion. Our study results confirmed the functional relevance of COMP with KBD. COMP may play an important role in the excessive chondrocytes apoptosis of KBD patients. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2020;9(9):578–586


Bone & Joint Research
Vol. 12, Issue 12 | Pages 734 - 746
12 Dec 2023
Chen M Hu C Hsu Y Lin Y Chen K Ueng SWN Chang Y

Aims

Therapeutic agents that prevent chondrocyte loss, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, and osteoarthritis (OA) progression are required. The expression level of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like repeats and discoidin I-like domains-containing protein 3 (EDIL3) in damaged human cartilage is significantly higher than in undamaged cartilage. However, the effect of EDIL3 on cartilage is still unknown.

Methods

We used human cartilage plugs (ex vivo) and mice with spontaneous OA (in vivo) to explore whether EDIL3 has a chondroprotective effect by altering OA-related indicators.


Bone & Joint Research
Vol. 12, Issue 1 | Pages 33 - 45
16 Jan 2023
Li B Ding T Chen H Li C Chen B Xu X Huang P Hu F Guo L

Aims

Circular RNA (circRNA) is involved in the regulation of articular cartilage degeneration induced by inflammatory factors or oxidative stress. In a previous study, we found that the expression of circStrn3 was significantly reduced in chondrocytes of osteoarthritis (OA) patients and OA mice. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to explore the role and mechanism of circStrn3 in osteoarthritis.

Methods

Minus RNA sequencing, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to detect the expression of circStrn3 in human and mouse OA cartilage tissues and chondrocytes. Chondrocytes were then stimulated to secrete exosomal miR-9-5p by cyclic tensile strain. Intra-articular injection of exosomal miR-9-5p into the model induced by destabilized medial meniscus (DMM) surgery was conducted to alleviate OA progression.


Bone & Joint Research
Vol. 13, Issue 6 | Pages 261 - 271
1 Jun 2024
Udomsinprasert W Mookkhan N Tabtimnark T Aramruang T Ungsudechachai T Saengsiwaritt W Jittikoon J Chaikledkaew U Honsawek S

Aims

This study aimed to determine the expression and clinical significance of a cartilage protein, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), in knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients.

Methods

A total of 270 knee OA patients and 93 healthy controls were recruited. COMP messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels in serum, synovial fluid, synovial tissue, and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) of knee OA patients were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemistry.


Bone & Joint Research
Vol. 11, Issue 10 | Pages 723 - 738
4 Oct 2022
Liu Z Shen P Lu C Chou S Tien Y

Aims

Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) is a promising treatment for articular cartilage degeneration and injury; however, it requires a large number of human hyaline chondrocytes, which often undergo dedifferentiation during in vitro expansion. This study aimed to investigate the effect of suramin on chondrocyte differentiation and its underlying mechanism.

Methods

Porcine chondrocytes were treated with vehicle or various doses of suramin. The expression of collagen, type II, alpha 1 (COL2A1), aggrecan (ACAN); COL1A1; COL10A1; SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9); nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX); interleukin (IL)-1β; tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα); IL-8; and matrix metallopeptidase 13 (MMP-13) in chondrocytes at both messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels was determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. In addition, the supplementation of suramin to redifferentiation medium for the culture of expanded chondrocytes in 3D pellets was evaluated. Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen production were evaluated by biochemical analyses and immunofluorescence, as well as by immunohistochemistry. The expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NOX activity were assessed by luciferase reporter gene assay, immunofluorescence analysis, and flow cytometry. Mutagenesis analysis, Alcian blue staining, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and western blot assay were used to determine whether p67phox was involved in suramin-enhanced chondrocyte phenotype maintenance.


Bone & Joint Research
Vol. 11, Issue 8 | Pages 518 - 527
17 Aug 2022
Hu W Lin J Wei J Yang Y Fu K Zhu T Zhu H Zheng X

Aims

To evaluate inducing osteoarthritis (OA) by surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) in mice with and without a stereomicroscope.

Methods

Based on sample size calculation, 70 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to three surgery groups: DMM aided by a stereomicroscope; DMM by naked eye; or sham surgery. The group information was blinded to researchers. Mice underwent static weightbearing, von Frey test, and gait analysis at two-week intervals from eight to 16 weeks after surgery. Histological grade of OA was determined with the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scoring system.


Bone & Joint Research
Vol. 11, Issue 5 | Pages 292 - 300
13 May 2022
He C Chen C Jiang X Li H Zhu L Wang P Xiao T

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease resulting from progressive joint destruction caused by many factors. Its pathogenesis is complex and has not been elucidated to date. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a series of irreversible and stable macromolecular complexes formed by reducing sugar with protein, lipid, and nucleic acid through a non-enzymatic glycosylation reaction (Maillard reaction). They are an important indicator of the degree of ageing. Currently, it is considered that AGEs accumulation in vivo is a molecular basis of age-induced OA, and AGEs production and accumulation in vivo is one of the important reasons for the induction and acceleration of the pathological changes of OA. In recent years, it has been found that AGEs are involved in a variety of pathological processes of OA, including extracellular matrix degradation, chondrocyte apoptosis, and autophagy. Clearly, AGEs play an important role in regulating the expression of OA-related genes and maintaining the chondrocyte phenotype and the stability of the intra-articular environment. This article reviews the latest research results of AGEs in a variety of pathological processes of OA, to provide a new direction for the study of OA pathogenesis and a new target for prevention and treatment.

Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(5):292–300.


Bone & Joint Research
Vol. 11, Issue 7 | Pages 453 - 464
20 Jul 2022
Wang H Shi Y He F Ye T Yu S Miao H Liu Q Zhang M

Aims

Abnormal lipid metabolism is involved in the development of osteoarthritis (OA). Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is crucial in inhibiting the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into adipocytes. However, whether GDF11 participates in the abnormal adipogenesis of chondrocytes in OA cartilage is still unclear.

Methods

Six-week-old female mice were subjected to unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) to induce OA in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Histochemical staining, immunohistochemical staining (IHC), and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were performed. Primary condylar chondrocytes of rats were stimulated with fluid flow shear stress (FFSS) and collected for oil red staining, immunofluorescence staining, qRT-PCR, and immunoprecipitation analysis.


Bone & Joint Research
Vol. 11, Issue 1 | Pages 40 - 48
27 Jan 2022
Liao W Sun J Wang Y He Y Su K Lu Y Liao G Sun Y

Aims

In the repair of condylar cartilage injury, synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) migrate to an injured site and differentiate into cartilage. This study aimed to confirm that histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, which alleviate arthritis, can improve chondrogenesis inhibited by IL-1β, and to explore its mechanism.

Methods

SMSCs were isolated from synovium specimens of patients undergoing temporomandibular joint (TMJ) surgery. Chondrogenic differentiation potential of SMSCs was evaluated in vitro in the control, IL-1β stimulation, and IL-1β stimulation with HDAC inhibitors groups. The effect of HDAC inhibitors on the synovium and condylar cartilage in a rat TMJ arthritis model was evaluated.


Bone & Joint Research
Vol. 10, Issue 7 | Pages 370 - 379
30 Jun 2021
Binder H Hoffman L Zak L Tiefenboeck T Aldrian S Albrecht C

Aims

The aim of this retrospective study was to determine if there are differences in short-term clinical outcomes among four different types of matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte transplantation (MACT).

Methods

A total of 88 patients (mean age 34 years (SD 10.03), mean BMI 25 kg/m2 (SD 3.51)) with full-thickness chondral lesions of the tibiofemoral joint who underwent MACT were included in this study. Clinical examinations were performed preoperatively and 24 months after transplantation. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee Form, the Brittberg score, the Tegner Activity Scale, and the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain. The Kruskal-Wallis test by ranks was used to compare the clinical scores of the different transplant types.


Bone & Joint Research
Vol. 10, Issue 7 | Pages 437 - 444
27 Jul 2021
Yan F Feng J Yang L Shi C

Aims

The aim of our study is to investigate the effect induced by alternated mechanical loading on Notch-1 in mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC) of growing rabbits.

Methods

A total of 64 ten-day-old rabbits were randomly divided into two groups according to dietary hardness: normal diet group (pellet) and soft diet group (powder). In each group, the rabbits were further divided into four subgroups by feeding time: two weeks, four weeks, six weeks, and eight weeks. Animals would be injected 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) every day for one week before sacrificing. Histomorphometric analysis of MCC thickness was performed through haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Immunochemical analysis was done to test BrdU and Notch-1. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot were used to measure expression of Notch-1, Jagged-1, and Delta-like 1 (Dll-1).