Advertisement for orthosearch.org.uk
Results 1 - 20 of 40
Results per page:
The Bone & Joint Journal
Vol. 106-B, Issue 6 | Pages 623 - 630
1 Jun 2024
Perry DC Dritsaki M Achten J Appelbe D Knight R Widnall J Roland D Messahel S Costa ML Mason J

Aims

The aim of this trial was to assess the cost-effectiveness of a soft bandage and immediate discharge, compared with rigid immobilization, in children aged four to 15 years with a torus fracture of the distal radius.

Methods

A within-trial economic evaluation was conducted from the UK NHS and personal social services (PSS) perspective, as well as a broader societal point of view. Health resources and quality of life (the youth version of the EuroQol five-dimension questionnaire (EQ-5D-Y)) data were collected, as part of the Forearm Recovery in Children Evaluation (FORCE) multicentre randomized controlled trial over a six-week period, using trial case report forms and patient-completed questionnaires. Costs and health gains (quality-adjusted life years (QALYs)) were estimated for the two trial treatment groups. Regression was used to estimate the probability of the new treatment being cost-effective at a range of ‘willingness-to-pay’ thresholds, which reflect a range of costs per QALY at which governments are typically prepared to reimburse for treatment.


The Bone & Joint Journal
Vol. 104-B, Issue 7 | Pages 902 - 908
1 Jul 2022
Hsu P Lee C Lin S Kuo KN Wu K Wang T

Aims

The aim of this study was to compare outcomes of guided growth and varus osteotomy in treating Kalamchi type II avascular necrosis (AVN) after open reduction and Pemberton acetabuloplasty for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).

Methods

This retrospective study reviewed patients undergoing guided growth or varus osteotomy for Kalamchi type II AVN between September 2009 and January 2019. All children who had undergone open reduction and Pemberton acetabuloplasty for DDH with a minimum two-year follow-up were enrolled in the study. Demographic and radiological data, which included the head-shaft angle (HSA), neck-shaft angle (NSA), articulotrochanteric distance (ATD), Sharp angle (SA), and lateral centre-edge angle (LCEA) at baseline, two years, and at the extended follow-up, were compared. Revision rates were evaluated. Clinical outcomes using the Harris Hip Score were assessed two years postoperatively.


The Bone & Joint Journal
Vol. 104-B, Issue 4 | Pages 519 - 528
1 Apr 2022
Perry DC Arch B Appelbe D Francis P Craven J Monsell FP Williamson P Knight M

Aims

The aim of this study was to inform the epidemiology and treatment of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE).

Methods

This was an anonymized comprehensive cohort study, with a nested consented cohort, following the the Idea, Development, Exploration, Assessment, Long-term study (IDEAL) framework. A total of 143 of 144 hospitals treating SCFE in Great Britain participated over an 18-month period. Patients were cross-checked against national administrative data and potential missing patients were identified. Clinician-reported outcomes were collected until two years. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were collected for a subset of participants.


The Bone & Joint Journal
Vol. 103-B, Issue 8 | Pages 1428 - 1437
2 Aug 2021
Vogt B Roedl R Gosheger G Frommer A Laufer A Kleine-Koenig M Theil C Toporowski G

Aims

Temporary epiphysiodesis (ED) is commonly applied in children and adolescents to treat leg length discrepancies (LLDs) and tall stature. Traditional Blount staples or modern two-hole plates are used in clinical practice. However, they require accurate planning, precise surgical techniques, and attentive follow-up to achieve the desired outcome without complications. This study reports the results of ED using a novel rigid staple (RigidTack) incorporating safety, as well as technical and procedural success according to the idea, development, evaluation, assessment, long-term (IDEAL) study framework.

Methods

A cohort of 56 patients, including 45 unilateral EDs for LLD and 11 bilateral EDs for tall stature, were prospectively analyzed. ED was performed with 222 rigid staples with a mean follow-up of 24.4 months (8 to 49). Patients with a predicted LLD of ≥ 2 cm at skeletal maturity were included. Mean age at surgery was 12.1 years (8 to 14). Correction and complication rates including implant-associated problems, and secondary deformities as well as perioperative parameters, were recorded (IDEAL stage 2a). These results were compared to historical cohorts treated for correction of LLD with two-hole plates or Blount staples.


The Bone & Joint Journal
Vol. 103-B, Issue 3 | Pages 589 - 596
1 Mar 2021
Amin N Kraft J Fishlock A White A Holton C Kinsey S Feltbower R James B

Aims

Osteonecrosis (ON) can cause considerable morbidity in young people who undergo treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). The aims of this study were to determine the operations undertaken for ON in this population in the UK, along with the timing of these operations and any sequential procedures that are used in different joints. We also explored the outcomes of those patients treated by core decompression (CD), and compared this with conservative management, in both the pre- or post-collapse stages of ON.

Methods

UK treatment centres were contacted to obtain details regarding surgical interventions and long-term outcomes for patients who were treated for ALL and who developed ON in UKALL 2003 (the national leukaemia study which recruited patients aged 1 to 24 years at diagnosis of ALL between 2003 and 2011). Imaging of patients with ON affecting the femoral head was requested and was used to score all lesions, with subsequent imaging used to determine the final grade. Kaplan-Meier failure time plots were used to compare the use of CD with non surgical management.


The Bone & Joint Journal
Vol. 102-B, Issue 12 | Pages 1760 - 1766
1 Dec 2020
Langlais T Hardy MB Lavoue V Barret H Wilson A Boileau P

Aims

We aimed to address the question on whether there is a place for shoulder stabilization surgery in patients who had voluntary posterior instability starting in childhood and adolescence, and later becoming involuntary and uncontrollable.

Methods

Consecutive patients who had an operation for recurrent posterior instability before the age of 18 years were studied retrospectively. All patients had failed conservative treatment for at least six months prior to surgery; and no patients had psychiatric disorders. Two groups were identified and compared: voluntary posterior instability starting in childhood which became uncontrollable and involuntary (group VBI); and involuntary posterior instability (group I). Patients were reviewed and assessed at least two years after surgery by two examiners.


The Bone & Joint Journal
Vol. 102-B, Issue 6 | Pages 755 - 765
1 Jun 2020
Liebs TR Burgard M Kaiser N Slongo T Berger S Ryser B Ziebarth K

Aims

We aimed to evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children with supracondylar humeral fractures (SCHFs), who were treated following the recommendations of the Paediatric Comprehensive AO Classification, and to assess if HRQoL was associated with AO fracture classification, or fixation with a lateral external fixator compared with closed reduction and percutaneous pinning (CRPP).

Methods

We were able to follow-up on 775 patients (395 girls, 380 boys) who sustained a SCHF from 2004 to 2017. Patients completed questionnaires including the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire (QuickDASH; primary outcome), and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL).


The Bone & Joint Journal
Vol. 102-B, Issue 4 | Pages 495 - 500
1 Apr 2020
Milligan DJ Cosgrove AP

Aims

To monitor the performance of services for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in Northern Ireland and identify potential improvements to enhance quality of service and plan for the future.

Methods

This was a prospective observational study, involving all infants treated for DDH between 2011 and 2017. Children underwent clinical assessment and radiological investigation as per the regional surveillance policy. The regional radiology data was interrogated to quantify the use of ultrasound and ionizing radiation for this population.


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 89-B, Issue 12 | Pages 1645 - 1649
1 Dec 2007
Joo SY Park KB Kim BR Park HW Kim HW

We describe our experience with the ‘four-in-one’ procedure for habitual dislocation of the patella in five children (six knees). All the patients presented with severe generalised ligamentous laxity and aplasia of the trochlear groove. All had a lateral release, proximal ‘tube’ realignment of the patella, semitendinosus tenodesis and transfer of the patellar tendon. The mean age at the time of the operation was 6.1 years (4.9 to 6.9), and the patients were followed up for a mean of 54.5 months (31 to 66). The clinical results were evaluated using the Kujala score. There has been no recurrence of dislocation. All the patients have returned to full activities and the parents and children were satisfied with the clinical results. The mean Kujala score was 95.3 (88 to 98). Two patients had marginal skin necrosis which healed after debridement and secondary closure. These early results in this small group have shown that the ‘four-in-one’ procedure is effective in the treatment of obligatory dislocation of the patella in children with severe ligamentous laxity and trochlear aplasia


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 85-B, Issue 4 | Pages 572 - 577
1 May 2003
Theologis TN Harrington ME Thompson N Benson MKD

The aim of this study was to define objectively gait function in children with treated congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) and a good clinical result. The study also attempted an analysis of movement within the foot during gait. We compared 20 children with treated CTEV with 15 control subjects. Clinical assessment demonstrated good results from treatment. Three-dimensional gait analysis provided kinematic and kinetic data describing movement and moments at the joints of the lower limb during gait. A new method was used to study movement within the foot during gait. The data on gait showed significantly increased internal rotation of the foot during walking which was partially compensated for by external rotation at the hip. A mild foot drop and reduced plantar flexor power were also observed. Dorsiflexion at the midfoot was significantly increased, which probably compensated for reduced mobility at the hindfoot. Patients treated for CTEV with a good clinical result should be expected to have nearly normal gait and dynamic foot movement, but there may be residual intoeing, mild foot drop, loss of plantar flexor power with compensatory increased midfoot dorsiflexion and external hip rotation


The Bone & Joint Journal
Vol. 100-B, Issue 8 | Pages 1117 - 1124
1 Aug 2018
Eamsobhana P Chalayon O Kaewpornsawan K Ariyawatkul T

Aims

Delayed diagnosis is a well-known complication of a Monteggia fracture-dislocation. If left untreated, the dislocated radial head later becomes symptomatic. The purposes of this study were firstly, to evaluate the clinical and radiological results of open reduction of the radial head and secondly, to identify the factors that may affect the outcome of this procedure.

Materials and Methods

This retrospective study evaluated 30 children with a chronic Monteggia lesion. There were 18 boys and 12 girls with a mean age of 7.4 years (4 to 13) at the time of open reduction. The mean interval to surgery, after the initial fracture, was 23.4 months (6 to 120). Clinical grading used a Kim modified elbow score: radiological outcome was recorded. The effect of the patient’s age, gender, duration from initial injury, Bado classification, and annular ligament reconstruction were analyzed. The mean follow-up was 42.2 months (15 to 20).


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 92-B, Issue 8 | Pages 1148 - 1151
1 Aug 2010
Song K

We have investigated whether early anatomical open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) reduces the incidence of complications of fracture of the femoral neck in children, including avascular necrosis, compared with closed reduction and internal fixation (CRIF). We retrospectively reviewed 27 such fractures (15 type-II and 12 type-III displaced fractures) in children younger than 16 years of age seen in our hospital between February 1989 and March 2007. We divided the patients into three groups according to the quality of the reduction (anatomical, acceptable, and unacceptable) and the clinical results into two groups (satisfactory and unsatisfactory). Of the 15 fractures treated by ORIF, 14 (93.3%) had anatomical reduction and reduction was acceptable in one. Of the 12 treated by CRIF, three (25.0%) had anatomical reduction, eight had acceptable reduction (66.7%), and one (8.3%) unacceptable reduction. Of the 15 fractures treated by ORIF, 14 (93.3%) had a good result and one a fair result. Of the 12 treated by CRIF, seven (58.3%) had a good result, two (16.7%) a fair result and three (25.0%) a poor result. There were seven complications in five patients. ORIF gives better reduction with fewer complications, including avascular necrosis, than does CRIF in fractures of the femoral neck in children


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 91-B, Issue 6 | Pages 797 - 802
1 Jun 2009
Jacobsen S Hansson G Nathorst-Westfelt J

We reviewed the clinical and radiological results of six patients who had sustained traumatic separation of the distal epiphysis of the humerus at birth. The correct diagnosis was made from plain radiographs and often supplemented with ultrasonography, MRI and arthrography. An orthopaedic surgeon saw two patients within two days of birth, and the other four were seen at between nine and 30 days. The two neonates underwent unsuccessful attempts at closed reduction. In the remaining patients, seen after the age of eight days, no attempt at reduction was made. All six displaced fractures were immobilised in a cast with the elbow at 90° of flexion and the forearm pronated. When seen at a mean of 58 months (16 to 120) after injury, the clinical and radiological results were excellent in five patients, with complete realignment of the injury. In one patient the forearm lay in slightly reduced valgus with the elbow in full extension. Traumatic separation of the distal epiphysis of the humerus may be missed on the maternity wards and not diagnosed until after discharge from hospital. However, even when no attempt is made to reduce the displaced epiphysis, a good clinical result can be expected


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 86-B, Issue 5 | Pages 737 - 742
1 Jul 2004
Bourelle S Cottalorda J Gautheron V Chavrier Y

Of 23 children (35 feet) with cerebral palsy who had undergone a Grice extra-articular subtalar arthrodesis for a valgus hindfoot between 1976 and 1981, we reviewed 17 (26 feet), at a mean of 20 years (17 years 3 months to 22 years 4 months) after operation. Seven were quadriplegic, eight spastic diplegic, and two hemiplegic. They were all able to walk at the time of operation. Thirteen patients (20 feet) were pleased with the Grice procedure, 13 had no pain and 15 (23 feet) were still able to walk. The clinical results were satisfactory for most feet. Radiography showed that the results had been maintained over time but 14 feet developed a mean ankle valgus of 11° (6 to 18) with a compensatory hindfoot varus in 12 feet. No deformity of the talus or arthritis of adjacent joints was noted. The Grice procedure gives good long-term results in children with cerebral palsy


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 83-B, Issue 5 | Pages 715 - 720
1 Jul 2001
Joseph B Mulpuri K Varghese G

We studied the natural history of Perthes’ disease in 62 children in whom the onset of symptoms was in adolescence. Three patterns of disease were noted, namely, late-onset pattern, segmental collapse, or destructive with failure of revascularisation. In the late-onset pattern, the disease followed the sequence of healing seen in younger children, but adequate epiphyseal remodelling did not occur. Consequently, the femoral head was never spherical after revascularisation. With segmental collapse, early and irreversible collapse of part of the epiphysis occurred with gross deformation of the femoral head. The destructive pattern was characterised by a failure of revascularisation and repair of the avascular epiphysis. The radiological outcome was poor in all three patterns. The poorest clinical results were found in the destructive type which was frequently associated with incapacitating pain requiring arthrodesis or excision arthroplasty within three years of onset of the disease


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 80-B, Issue 1 | Pages 78 - 82
1 Jan 1998
Kerry RM Simonds GW

Over a 20-year period we treated 29 patients (31 dislocated hips) by non-operative reduction after nine months of age, using horizontal traction. They were followed up for a mean of 11.7 years, and 12 hips required secondary extra-articular surgery. The clinical result was excellent in 25 hips, good in four and fair in two. Of the 29 hips for which detailed radiographs were available, 18 achieved Severin grade I, nine grade II and two grade III. There were no major complications and, in particular, no cases of avascular necrosis. The non-operative reduction of late-presenting developmental dysplasia of the hip is still a viable option. It has a potential for excellent results and a very low complication rate


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 82-B, Issue 4 | Pages 548 - 554
1 May 2000
Bankes MJK Catterall A Hashemi-Nejad A

Valgus extension osteotomy (VGEO) is a salvage procedure for ‘hinge abduction’ in Perthes’ disease. The indications for its use are pain and fixed deformity. Our study shows the clinical results at maturity of VGEO carried out in 48 children (51 hips) and the factors which influence subsequent remodelling of the hip. After a mean follow-up of ten years, total hip replacement has been carried out in four patients and arthrodesis in one. The average Iowa Hip Score in the remainder was 86 (54 to 100). Favourable remodelling of the femoral head was seen in 12 hips. This was associated with three factors at surgery; younger age (p = 0.009), the phase of reossification (p = 0.05) and an open triradiate cartilage (p = 0.0007). Our study has shown that, in the short term, VGEO relieves pain and corrects deformity; as growth proceeds it may produce useful remodelling in this worst affected subgroup of children with Perthes’ disease


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 80-B, Issue 4 | Pages 636 - 640
1 Jul 1998
Akazawa H Oda K Mitani S Yoshitaka T Asaumi K Inoue H

Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is a rare disease with multiple joint contractures. It is widely believed that bilaterally dislocated hips should not be reduced since movement is satisfactory and open reduction has had poor results. Since 1977 we have performed a new method of open reduction using an extensive anterolateral approach on ten hips in five children with AMC. The mean age at surgery was 31.5 months (17 to 64) and the mean follow-up was 11.8 years (3.8 to 19.5). At the final follow-up all children walked without crutches or canes. Two managed independently, one required a long leg brace and two had short leg braces because of knee and/or foot problems. The clinical results were good in eight hips and fair in two and on the Severin classification seven hips were rated as good (group I or group II). We recommend the extensive anterolateral approach for unilateral or bilateral dislocation of the hip in children with arthrogryposis or developmental dislocation of the hip


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 83-B, Issue 6 | Pages 888 - 893
1 Aug 2001
Mazda K Boggione C Fitoussi F Penneçot GF

We report the results of 116 consecutive displaced extension supracondylar fractures of the elbow in children treated during the first two years after the introduction of the following protocol; closed reduction under general anaesthesia with fluoroscopic control and lateral percutaneous pinning using two parallel pins or, when closed reduction failed, open reduction and internal fixation by cross-pinning. Eight patients were lost to follow-up during the first postoperative year. The mean follow-up for the remaining 108 was 27.9 months (12 to 47, median 26.5). At the final follow-up, using Flynn’s overall modified classification, the clinical result was considered to be excellent in 99 patients (91.6%), good in five (4.6%) and poor in four (3.7%). All the poor results were due to a poor cosmetic result, but had good or excellent function. Technical error in the initial management of these four cases was thought to be the cause of the poor results. The protocol described resulted in good or excellent results in 96% of our patients, providing a safe and efficient treatment for displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus even in less experienced hands


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 83-B, Issue 6 | Pages 883 - 887
1 Aug 2001
Chen RS Liu CB Lin XS Feng XM Zhu JM Ye FQ

We present a method of manipulative reduction, immobilisation and fixation using a U-shaped plaster with the elbow in extension for extension-type supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children. When the elbow is in full extension, both the extensor and the flexor muscles are neutralised during manipulative reduction and the carrying angle can be easily assessed thus preventing cubitus varus, the most common complication. In order to evaluate the efficiency of this method, we compared the clinical results of the new method with those of conventional treatment. In a group of 95 children who sustained an extension-type supracondylar fracture of the humerus, 49 were treated by the new method and 46 by the conventional method, reduction and immobilisation in a plaster slab with the elbow in flexion. Reduction and immobilisation were easily achieved and reliably maintained by one manipulation for all the children treated by the new method. In 12 children treated by the conventional method, the initial reduction failed and in seven secondary displacement of the distal fragment occurred during the period of immobilisation in plaster. All required a second or third manipulation. Of the 46 children, 28 (60.9%) had developed cubitus varus at a mean follow-up of 4.6 years when treated by the conventional method. None of the children treated by the new method developed cubitus varus. The mean score, according to the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) elbow scoring system, was 91 points using the new method and 78 with the conventional method. The results were statistically significant with regard to the incidence of cubitus varus and the elbow score (p < 0.01) suggesting that the new method is reliable and gives a satisfactory outcome