Background: Vertebral compression fractures can affect both sexes and constitute a major health care problem, due to negative impact on the patient’s function, quality of life and the costs to the health care system. Patients can be treated conservatively or by conventional vertebroplasty. Conventional vertebroplasty imposes technical challenges with possible complications including cement extravasations, nerve root compression, breaching the walls of the pedicle by the osteoplasty needle and prolonged fluoroscopic radiation exposure of the surgeon and the medical team at large.

Methods: Retrospective comparative study of 20 cases of thoraco-lumbar vertebral compression fracture, treated with robotic assisted vertebroplasty (research group) versus 30 cases of fractures treated by conventional fluoroscopic vertebroplasty (compared group). All patients were diagnosed as suffering from acute vertebral compression fractures (up to 3 weeks from the traumatic event) and were scored 7 and above in the VAS.

Results: The mean overall operation time of the fluoroscopic assisted vertebroplasty was 35 minutes compared to a mean operation time of 45 minutes at the robotic assisted vertebroplasty. There was a significant difference in the fluoroscopic time and subsequent exposure time to radiation between the groups: in the research group we used only an average of 3 seconds of fluoroscopic exposure (an average of 5 fluoroscopic images) compared to an average of 7 seconds of exposure (an average of 12 fluoroscopic images). No difference was found between the groups in regard with overall admission time or with the time between the operation and physiotherapy.

Conclusions: Robotic assisted vertebroplasty is a new and safe approach aiming to shorten the duration of fluoroscopic exposure and radiogenic dose of the patient and surgeon. This novel procedure, promotes better accuracy with regard to the cement injected thus reducing the potential complication of the operation.

Vertebral compression fractures can affect both sexes and constitute a major health care problem, due to negative impact on the patient’s function, quality of life and the costs to the health care system. Patients can be treated conservatively or by conventional fluoroscopic assisted vertebroplasty – injection of polymethylmethacrylate PMMA into the fractured vertebral body. Conventional vertebroplasty imposes technical challenges with possible complications including cement extravasations, nerve root compression, the possibility of breaching the walls of the pedicle by the osteoplasty needle and prolonged fluoroscopic radiation exposure of the surgeon and the medical team at large.

We present here a comparative study of 20 cases of thoraco-lumbar vertebral compression fracture, treated with robotic assisted vertebroplasty (research group) versus 30 cases of fractures treated by conventional fluoroscopic vertebroplasty (compared group). All patients were diagnosed as suffering from acute vertebral compression fractures (up to 3 weeks from the traumatic event) and were scored 7 and above in the VAS. The mean overall operation time of the fluoroscopic assisted vertebroplasty was 35 minutes compared to a mean operation time of 45 minutes at the robotic assisted vertebroplasty. There was a significant difference in the fluoroscopic time and subsequent exposure time to radiation between the groups: in the research group we used only an average of 3 seconds of fluoroscopic exposure (an average of 5 fluoroscopic images) compared to an average of 7 seconds of exposure (an average of 12 fluoroscopic images). No difference was found between the groups in regard with overall admission time or with the time between the operation and physiotherapy.

Conclusion: robotic assisted vertebroplasty is a new and safe approach aiming to shorten the duration of fluoroscopic exposure of the patient and surgeon thus reducing the exposure to radiogenic dose. This novel procedure, promotes better accuracy with regard to the cement injected thus reducing the potential complication of the operation.