Introduction

Over 1000,000 joint prostheses are implanted every year in the world. Aseptic joint loosening is a key factor that reduces the longevity of joint prosthesis. Prosthetic wear particles are thought to play a central role in the initiation and development of periprosthetic osteolysis, leading to aseptic loosening of prostheses. This study aims to investigate the effect of RNA interference (RNAi) targeting tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) gene on particle-induced inflammation and osteolysis in macrophages in vitro and in vivo.