Methods

A systematic search was performed in PubMed (Medline), Scopus, and the Cochrane Library. Inclusion criteria were original studies investigating the rate of PJI in patients receiving pre-operative intra-articular corticosteroid injection compared to controls.

Methods

Retrospective observational study including data from the National Surveillance System for Hospital Data, which includes more than 98% of Spanish hospitals. During the period 2000–2015, hospitalizations due to PJI (ICD-9-CM 996.66) as main diagnosis were included. Epidemiological trends were evaluated during four periods: P1, 2000–2003; P2, 2004–2007; P3, 2008–2011; P4, 2012–2015. Annual hospitalization rates per 100,000 inhabitants and trends were also calculated.

Method

The present study investigates the vancomycin plasma concentrations at 72–94 h post-surgery after the application of local vancomycin within CaSO4 (660mg vancomycin/10cc) and hydroxyapatite bone substitute in patients treated with empiric intravenous vancomycin and surgically treated for osteomyelitis.

Vancomycin plasma concentrations were analyzed in twelve patients with osteomyelitis surgically treated with local release of vancomycin by CaSO4 and hydroxyapatite and undergoing therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of their vancomycin plasma concentrations as it is routinely done in our hospital. From 2019 to 2022, demographic data, microbiology, type of osteomyelitis, amount of local vancomycin applied, alteration of renal function, and vancomycin levels were retrospectively analyzed.

Method

Prospective study including all patients who underwent a reverse shoulder prosthesis from January 2015 to December 2018. In all of them, 5 to 12 cultures were performed during primary surgery. The patients underwent surgery for shoulder arthritis secondary to rotator cuff tears, acute fracture of the proximal humerus, and sequelae of fracture of the proximal humerus. Exclusion criteria included the existence of previous surgeries on the affected shoulder, the presence of signs of infection, having received infiltrations and / or complementary invasive examinations (Arthro-MRI and Arthro-CT). Follow-up from 2 to 5 years. Functional assessment according to the Constant Functional Scale. All complications were also recorded.

Method

Prospective randomized study, with 2893 cemented total knee arthroplasties performed between 2005 and 2010 in our institution. Two different groups were formed depending on which bone cement was used, without antibiotic (the control group) or loaded with erythromycin and colistin (the study group). All patients received the same systemic prophylactic antibiotics. The patients were followed for a minimum of twelve months. The rate of infection was analyzed according to the criteria of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Method

A consecutive prospective cohort consisting of 2,498 TKA procedures was followed for a minimum of 10 years (implanted between 2005 and 2009). The diagnosis of PJI and classification into LAH was done in accordance with the Zimmerli criteria (NEJM 2004). The primary outcome was the failure rate, defined as death before the end of antibiotic treatment, a further surgical intervention for treatment of infection was needed and life-long antibiotic treatment or chronic infection. The Knee Society Score (KSS) was used to evaluate clinical outcomes. Surgical management, antibiotic treatment, the source of infection (primary focus) and the microorganisms isolated were also assessed.

Method

Retrospective cohort study on patients with cut-out after PFF osteosynthesis with endomedullary nail, from January 2007 to December 2020. Demographic data of patients (such as sex, age, ASA), fracture characteristics (pattern, laterality, causal mechanism) and initial surgery parameters were collected (time from fall to intervention, duration of surgery, intraoperative complications). Radiographic parameters were also analyzed (tip-apex distance and Chang criteria). In all cut-out cases, 5 microbiological cultures and 1 anatomopathological sample were taken and the osteosynthesis material was sent for sonication. Fracture-related infection (FRI) was diagnosed based on Metsemakers et al (2018) and McNally et al (2020) diagnostic criteria.

Method

Prospective study including 156 patients undergoing primary shoulder arthroplasty. In all the patients included 5 to 12 tissue samples were obtained and were specifically cultured to detect C. acnes presence. DNA was extracted from the C. acnes colonies selected with the QIAsymphony DSP Virus/Pathogen Midi Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). Libraries were prepared using Nextera XT kit (Illumina) and sequenced in an Illumina MiSeq sequencer. Sequencing files were pre-processed using The Microbial Genome Atlas pipeline. Samples that failed on QC analysis were discarded for further analysis. Isolate nucleotide distances were calculated using Genome-based distance matrix calculator from the enveomics collection. Comparative genomic analysis was performed between intra- and inter-patients’ isolates. Data analysis was performed using R 3.6.3.

Method

A descriptive in vitro study was conducted. One 4xHp and one BPTBp were prepared. They were subsequently divided into 8 fragments. Three of them were reserved for negative control, and the rest were contaminated with a strain of S. Epidermidis (ATCC 35984) 10–5. Finally, a quantitative analysis was carried out by means of microcalorimetry and sonication with plating. Additionally, a qualitative analysis was carried out by means of electron microscopy.

Method

We included patients with Gram-negative PJI at Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital (Milan, Italy), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (Lausanne, Switzerland) and Hospital Parc de Salut Mar (Barcelona, Spain) between 2014 and 2018 in a retrospective cohort. We described the treatment's success rate according to Gram-negative species and type of surgical procedure.