Ultrasound has been shown to have positive biological effects, including increased angiogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic activities. The aim of our study was to evaluate the evidence available in the scientific literature for the ultrasound treatment for tendon healing. To identify “best evidence” published research a computerized literature search of Medline, Cochrane, PEDro, IME, IBECS and ENFISPO. Keywords used to identify the study population and interventions were: ultrasound, low intensity pulsed ultrasound, physiotherapy, clinical trial, meta-analysis, practice guideline, randomized controlled trial, repair tendon and tendon healing. The scientific evidence of the group of selected documents were measured using the scale described by the US Preventive Task Force. The assignment of the evidence level to each study was evaluated independently by two reviewers without communication among them. To determine inter-rather reliability Kappa index it was used (K) with a value of CI of 95%. The study populations were 39 pertinent recovered documents. The findings suggest that therapeutic ultrasound can increase in collagen synthesis and enhance the maturation of collagen fibrils of repairing tendons. Researchers have reported that therapeutic ultrasound could facilitate tissue recovery and US with dosages between 0.125–3 W/cm2 have been used in the treatment of tendon ruptures reported an improvement in both strength and energy absorption capacity of repairing rabbit or rat tendons with 1-MHz continuous US. Best results were: continuous US at 1 MHz, 0.5w/cm2 starting from day 5 after injury, 20 treatment sessions, 4 mi each session. There is not a general consensus on the choice of parameters for US treatment and the evidence for efficacy of therapeutic. Limits of studies: The time needed to develop such an interface in humans was reported to be much longer than that reported in animal models. Continuous and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound was able to accelerate tendon healing and facilitating earlier physiotherapy.
