Fracture neck of femur (NOF) in elderly is a serious debilitating injury and has been presenting in increasing proportions. Some of these patients are unfortunate to come back with a contralateral injury. We attempted at looking into the incidence of these episodes in a cohort attending our trust and compared various parameters

We retrospectively assessed our hospital theatre data for fracture NOF in patients over 60 years in the last 3 years. We reviewed their demographics, mode of injury, time to contralateral injury, incidence of any other insufficiency fracture, operative procedure and any complications.

There were 1435 patients who underwent surgery for fracture NOF over the 3 years. Forty-three of these had bilateral fractures. Females had 3 times more incidence as compared to males; average age at first injury was 84 years and at contralateral side was 85 years. Time between the two injuries ranged from 20 to 855 days (Median 242 days). Almost equal incidence of intra / extracapsular fractures was noted. Contralateral fracture pattern (Intra vs Extracapsular) for the was similar in 34 patients. Twelve patients had an associated insufficiency fracture.

Fracture NOF in elderly is a rising epidemic. Only 3% of these patients suffer a contralateral fracture NOF which usually occurs within a year. The fracture pattern is frequently similar to the first fracture in and hence similar implants have been used. Only 21% patients were on bone protection medications. It is rather difficult to identify this small group and hence prevent a second contralateral incident.

Background

Outcomes for patients with acute illnesses may be affected by the day of the week they present to hospital. Policy makers state this ‘weekend effect’ to be the main reason for pursuing a change in consultant weekend working patterns. However, it is uncertain whether such a phenomenon exists for elective orthopaedic surgery. This study investigated whether a ‘weekend effect’ contributed to adverse outcomes in patients undergoing elective hip and knee replacements.

Outcomes for patients with acute illnesses may be affected by the day of the week they present to hospital. Policy makers state this ‘weekend effect’ to be the main reason for pursuing a change in consultant weekend working patterns. However, it is uncertain whether such a phenomenon exists for elective orthopaedic surgery.

This study investigated whether a ‘weekend effect’ contributed to adverse outcomes in patients undergoing elective hip and knee replacements.

Retrospectively collected data was obtained from our institutions electronic patient records. Using univariate analysis, we examined potential risk factors including; Age, Sex, ASA Grade, Comorbidities, as well as the day of the week, hospital admission and surgery occurred. Subsequent multivariate analyses identified covariate- adjusted risk factors, associated with prolonged hospital stays. 30-day mortality data was assessed according to the day of the week surgery was performed.

892 patients underwent arthroplasty surgery from 01/09/2014 till the 31/08/2015. 457 patients had a total hip and 435 had a total knee replacement. 814 patients (91.3%) underwent surgery during the week, while 78 (8.7%) had surgery on a Saturday. There was no difference in the average Length of Stay (LOS) between groups (5.0, 2.6 versus 5.0, 3.4, p=0.95), and weekend surgery was not associated with a LOS greater than 4 days. The two variables found to be associated with a prolonged LOS were; increasing age (RR) 1.02 (95% CI: 1.01–1.03, p<0.001) and an ASA score of 2, (RR) 1.6 (95% CI: 1.15 − 2.20, p=0.005). There was one death in a patient who was ASA III, and who underwent surgery on a Monday.

There is no ‘weekend effect’ for elective orthopaedic surgery. Changes in consultant weekend working patterns are unlikely to have any effect on mortality or LOS for elective orthopaedic patients.