Aims: Surgical management of hallux rigidus remains a controversial subject. The purpose of the study is to compare the results of arthroscopic and open cheilectomie in a prospective and randomised manner. Method: Between October 2000 and December 2001, 26 patients (29 feet) were operated because of grade 1 and 2 hallux rigidus. Mean age was 54.8 (36–71). Patients were operated using arthroscopic cheilectomy and release or open cheilectomy. Standard technique was used in both groups. Type of technique was choosen in a randomised manner. Preoperative evaluation was performed with standard x-rays and x-rays in maximum dorsißexion and plantarßexion. Mean preoperative AOFAS score was 60.83/100. Both groups had the same preoperative prothorn;le. Results: Mean postoperative score was 90.5/100 in the open group and 83.1/100 in the arthroscopic group (p< 0.05). Hospital stay was shorter. The arthroscopy group had better results in mobility because they had less pain and were able to perform more intensiþed rehabilitation (p> 0.05). All patients had improved function and mobility (p< 0.05). Conclusion: Management of moderate hallux rigidus with cheilectomy is a reliable method for relieving pain and increase mobility on short terms. Arthroscopic treatment has a considerable learning curve which inßuences the outcome. We think that more experience in the þeld of arthroscopy of the þrst mtp joint leads to less pain in the postoperative phase allowing for more intensiþed rehabilitation, shorter hospital stay, better cosmetic result, less problems with shoe wear and quicker restart of professional activities.