Purpose of the study: Generally, hip prosthesis implantation for congenital hip dysplasia is a routine procedure.

Material and methods: We compared preliminary results between two surgical techniques. On one hand, hip prostheses were implanted via trochanterotomy with femoral shortening osteotomy for cemented insertion and trochanteroplasty. On the other, access was achieved via a triple infratrochanteric osteotomy for shortening, correction of valgum and derotation followed by implantation of a press-fit prosthesis without osteosynthesis.

Results:

Between 1993 and 2001, 61 patients underwent surgery for Crowe III or Eftekhar grade C hips (n=45) and Crowe IV or Eftekhar grade D hips (n=16). Mean patient age was 42 years. Prostheses inserted via the trans-trochanteric approach with femoral shortening osteotomy and cementing developed complications related to the trochanteroplasty: nonunion of the greater trochanter (n=6), functional impairment (n=2), infection after bursitis on suture and secondary necrosis (n=1). Because of these complications we adopted the triple femoral osteotomy technique for shortening, derotation and press-fit femoral implants.

Conclusion: These preliminary results concern non-cemented femoral prosthesis with insufficient follow-up. We nevertheless have found this an attractive technique free of femoral complications.

Introduction: We present only the difficult cases of THR in high dislocated hip: grade III DUNN, type IV CROWE, or stage C and D EFTEKHAR; and also our classification of the femoral displasias: 1. Stage I vice of the femoral head associated with type III Crowe, Dunn III, Eftekhar stage B or C 2. Stage II femoral canal eliptique, supplementary vice of torsion of the diaphysis, metaphysis associated with type III Crowe, degree III Dunn, Eftekhar C or D, witch could bee operated without diaphyseal osteotomy by trochanterotomy 3. Stage III important torsion of the diaphysis large medullar diameter of the metaphysis perpendicular to the large diameter of the diaphysis canal Excellent indication for triple osteotomy femoral 4. Stage IV caricaturized

Materials and Methods: We intend to compare here the preliminary results of two surgical techniques: I) cemented prosthesis implanted by trochanterotomy, with femoral shortening osteotomia and trochanteroplastia versus II) femoral subtrochanteric triple osteotomia of shortening, with correction of a fore-existent valgum and derotation by using a non-cemented femoral component.

Results: I) between 1993 – 2001 we have operated 61 patients, average age 42. Technically, we have implanted cemented prostheses by trochanterotomy and femoral shortening osteotomy, followed by Kerboull-Postel trochanteroplastia. The nonunion of greater trochanter, considered as failed cases, determined us to adopt the technique of triple femoral osteotomy, using a non cemented femoral component functioning as a centromedulary nail. II) Between 2001 – 2003, more other 6 cases have been operated by the technique of triple femoral osteotomy. We have pre- and postoperative clinically evaluated our patients by Merle D’Aubigne-Postel criteria.

Conclusions: These results are preliminary, we have not had enough surveillance time for uncemented femoral prostheses, but this technique seems us attractive though femoral complications have not yet been noticed.

Introduction: The interlocking retrograde ostheosynthesis was developed by Drs. Green, Selingson and Henry to address the whole spectrum of fractures localised to distal femur. The primary indications were in supracondylar fractures type A (AO), than in supra and inter-condylarfractures type C (AO). Secondary indications may be in periprosthetic fractures, non-union, fractures of femoral shaft, which cannot be nailed with antegrade technique (politrauma, ipsilateral femoral neck fracture or obese patient)

Methods: In our department between 2001–2004, 24 distal femoral fractures were nailed with retrograde technique; 16 type A (AO), 8 type C (AO) and 1 peri-prostetique fractures 5 cm. distal to femoral stem. We have used a retro nail which allows us proximal interlocking with 2 screws and distal interlocking with screws or bolts if it is comminution or ostheoporosis. The fractures reduction was achived with traction on the fracture table or by manual manipulation. The insertion of the nail was percutaneous through a 5 cm incision centered on the patellar tendon those the blood loss was minimized. If there was an intercondylar fracture extension first we have reduced this and fixed with 2 percutaneos screws and then we have nailed the fracture. We have measured the whole blood loss, operating time, union period and knee ROM at 6 months. Also we have analysed the whole distal femoral alignment and the articular surface reduction.

Results: We have achieved union in all fractures, 17 were anatomic (varus/valgus< 5°), 5 malunion with valgus more than 5° and 2 mallunion with hiperextension. The malunion in hiperextension was obtained in eldery patients with important ostheoporosis and cominution. The operating time was on average 75 min. The average blood loss was 250 ml, the ROM at 6 months was 125 ° (70°–140°). During recovery period we have started early ROM with partial weight bearing which shortened the recovery time.

Discussion & conclusions: We believe that retrograde ostheosinthesis is a good method of treatment for distal femoral fractures but a proper selection of fractures must be done. The percutaneous technique is less invasive for these fractures, which are very difficult to treat, and in long-term results they alter the knee biomechanics. The reduction of the articular surface is essential and this must be done every time, if this is not possible using the retro nail we must change the implant and use one which allows to achieve this. Though the biomechanical advantages of retro nail, the small amount of blood loss and the sort operating time at the end of learning curve makes retro nail an implant of first choice in the treatment of distal femoral fractures.