We studied 58 women of employable age with the carpal tunnel syndrome in order to determine whether the histological appearances of the carpal tunnel, tenosynovium and flexor retinaculum are influenced by work practices. Age, body mass index and the duration of symptoms did not correlate with the extent of oedema or fibrosis within the tenosynovium. The incidence of abnormality on histological examination of the tenosynovium was the same in employed and unemployed patients (p = 1.0), and was not influenced by the level of repetition (p = 0.89) or force (p = 0.29) of work. Myxoid degeneration within the flexor retinaculum was, however, more common in women undertaking ‘high-force’ work. Apart from this finding, the results suggest that work practices do not affect tenosynovial thickening, fibrosis or oedema in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome.

We have reviewed 11 patients with congenital absence of the thumb, treated by pollicisation of the index finger, after follow-up for 20 to 38 years. Seven of the hands also had an associated radial club-hand deformity.

Function as assessed by the Percival score was excellent in six, good in three, fair in two and poor in four; three of the poor results were in patients with radial club hand. Ten of the 15 transfers were used as normal thumbs, but in five hands function required trick movements. Of the seven unilateral cases, two transplants were used as the dominant hand, and in another two thumb strength was more than 50% of that on the opposite side.

For patients with isolated congenital absence of the thumb, pollicisation of the index finger gives good functional and cosmetic results which are maintained. The results are less reliable for those with radial club hand.