Patients presenting with a fractured neck of femur are a fragile group with multiple co-morbidities who are at risk of post-operative complications. As many as 52% of patients are reported to suffer a
Objectives. To determine whether a delay to surgery (>36Hours) affects mortality rate, length of stay and post-operative complications following hip fracture surgery. Methods. Data collected by dedicated Audit staff using a proforma designed in accordance with the ‘Standardised Audit of Hip Fractures in Europe’ (SAHFE). A prospective Observational Study, all patients (n=7207) admitted and who underwent surgery during a 10-year period from May 1999 to May 2009 have been considered. Chi square tests and independent sample t tests were used for basic statistical analyses. Mortality data were analysed using Kaplan Meier survival analysis and cox regression analysis. p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results. The 30-day mortality was 9.5%. At 90 days, mortality was 18.9% and at 1 year it was 31.4%. In patients declared fit for surgery on admission (n=5665), 30-day mortality was 7.5% in those operated on without delay, rising to 10.3% at over 4 days delay (p=0.117). However, in those operated on after 5 days delay, 30-day mortality equalled 13.6% (p=0.009). Those declared fit for surgery on admission stayed a total 14.5 days if operated within 36 hours, rising to 16 days with over 36 hours delay (p< 0.001). An increase in the rate of
One of the most important sequelae to ageing is osteoporosis and subsequently hip fractures. Hip fractures are associated with major morbidity, mortality and costs. Most patients require surgery to restore mobility. Provision of surgery and its complications is poorly understood in South Africa. Our aim was to collect and report current hip fracture care at four centres in South Africa, as well as reporting surgical and general patient outcomes. A three year retrospective cohort at four centres will be described, focussing on provision of surgical care, mortality, types of surgery and complications. We identified 562 patients who had surgical intervention for fragility fractures, 66% were females. Forty nine percent had open reduction and internal fixation, 28% had hemi-arthroplasty replacement whilst 23% had total hip replacements. Twenty percent of patients had operative intervention within 36 hours of presentation to the emergency department. Mortality was 9% at 30 days. The most common complications were lower respiratory
Aim. By gaining insight into the Quality of Life (QoL) status and occurrence of complications, critical facets in the care for patients with Fracture-Related Infection (FRI) can be mitigated and measures can be taken to improve their outcome. Therefore, the aims of this study were to 1) determine the QoL in FRI patients in comparison to non-FRI patients and 2) describe the occurrence of complications in both FRI and non-FRI patients. Method. An ambidirectional cohort study was conducted in a level-1 trauma centre between January 1st 2016 and November 1st 2021. All patients who underwent surgical stabilisation of a long bone fracture were eligible for inclusion. Patients with an Injury Severity Score (ISS) ≥16 or incomplete follow-up were excluded. QoL was assessed through the use of five-level EuroQol five-dimension (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaires twelve months post-injury. Results. A total of 134 patients were included, of whom 38 (28%) FRI patients and 96 (72%) non-FRI patients. In comparison to non-FRI patients, FRI patients scored significantly worse on the QoL assessment regarding the index value (p=0.012) and the domains mobility (p<0.001), usual activities (p=0.010) and pain/discomfort (p=0.009). During the median follow-up of 14.5 months (interquartile range (IQR) 9.5–26.5), 25 FRI patients developed a total of 49 distinctive complications besides FRI. The complications nonunion (18%, n=9/49), infection other than FRI (e.g. line
Prosthetic joint infections (PJI) are devastating complications. Our knowledge on hip fractureassociated hemiarthroplasty PJI (HHA-PJI) is limited compared to elective arthroplasty. The goal of this study was to describe the epidemiology, risk factors, management, and outcomes for HHA-PJI. A population-based (465,000) multicentre retrospective analysis of HHAs between 2006-2018 was conducted. PJI was defined by international consensus and treatment success as no return to theatre and survival to 90 days after the initial surgical management of the infection. Univariate, survival and competing risk regression analyses were performed. 1852 HHAs were identified (74% female; age:84±7yrs;90-day-mortality:16.7%). Forty-three (2.3%) patients developed PJI [77±10yrs; 56% female; 90-day-mortality: 20.9%, Hazard-Ratio 1.6 95%CI 1.1-2.3,p=0.023]. The incidence of HHA-PJI was 0.77/100,000/year and 193/100,000/year for HHA. The median time to PJI was 26 (IQR 20-97) days with 53% polymicrobial growth and 41% multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO). Competing risk regression identified younger age [Sub-Hazard-Ratio(SHR) 0.86, 95%CI 0.8-0.92,p<0.001], chronic kidney disease (SHR 3.41 95%CI 1.36-8.56, p=0.01), body mass index>35 (SHR 6.81, 95%CI 2.25-20.65, p<0.001),
In patients admitted to hospital with a hip fracture, urinary issues are common. Despite guidelines that recommend avoiding foley catheter usage when possible, it remains a common part of perioperative care. To date, there is no prospective data on the safety and satisfaction associated with catheter use in such cohort. The aim of this study was to evaluate the satisfaction of patients when using a foley catheter while they await surgery for their fractured hip and the safety associated with catheter use. In our prospectively collected database, 587 patients were admitted to our tertiary care center over a 1 year period. Most patients (328) were catheterized within the first 24h of admission, primarily inserted in ED. Of these patients, 119 patients (61 catheterized and 58 noncatheterized) completed a questionnaire about their perioperative management with foley catheter usage administered on day 1 of admission. This was used to determine satisfaction of catheter use (if catheterized) and pain levels (associated with catheterized or associated with transferring/voiding if not catheterized). Adverse effects related with catheter use included
Introduction. Pre-operative urine screening is accepted practice during pre-operative assessment in elective orthopaedic practice. There is no evidence surrounding the benefits, effects or clinical outcomes of such a practice. Methods. A series of 558 patients undergoing elective admission were recruited during pre-assessment for surgery and were screened for UTIs according to a pre-existing trust protocol. All patients had their urine dipstick tested and positive samples were sent for culture and microscopy. Patients with a positive urine culture were treated prior to surgery and were admitted to the elective centre where strict infection control methods were implemented. The patients were followed up after their surgery and divided into three clinical groups: uneventful surgery; Suspected wound infection; Confirmed wound infection. Results. 85% of dipsticks tested were positive, while only 7% of the urine samples were culture positive. Over 36% of patients with a pre-operative
Introduction. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an effective surgical intervention, which alleviates pain and improves function and health-related quality of life in patients with end-stage arthritis of the knee joint. With improvements in anesthesia, general health care, and surgical techniques, this procedure has become widely accepted for use in very elderly patients. However, many elderly patients tend to have compromised function and low reserve capabilities of organs and are therefore likely to develop various complications during the perioperative period. Thus, elderly patients often hesitate to undergo simultaneous bilateral TKA (SBTKA). Our purpose was to report the short-term results and clinical complications of octogenarians undergoing SBTKA. Materials and Methods. Between 2015 and 2016 all patients greater than 80years of age who underwent SBTKA by a single surgeon were retrospectively evaluated demographics, comorbidity, complications, and 30days mortality following SBTKA. Arthroplasty was performed sequentially under general anesthesia by one team led by primary surgeon. After the first knee, the patient's cardiopulmonary status was assessed by anesthesiology to determine whether or not to begin the second side. Cardiopulmonary decompensation, such as significant shifts in heart rate, oxygen saturation or blood pressure, was not showed. Then the second procedure was undertaken. Inclusion criteria of this study was underlying diseases were osteoarthritis. Exclusion criteria were (1) previous knee surgery; (2) underlying diseases were osteonecrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, fracture, and others. Fifty-seven patients with an average age of 82.7years were identified. The results of these procedures were retrospectively compared with those of patients greater than 80years of age of 89 patients unilateral TKA (UTKA) that had been performed by the same surgeon. Results. The study groups did not differ significantly with regard to age, gender, or body mass index. The mean age was 82.7years with a mean body mass index of 25.8 for the SBTKA group, compared with 84.0years with a mean body mass index of 24.9 for the UBTKA group. The length of hospital stay was longer in SBTKA groups. There was no serious complication. No deaths, no pulmonary embolisms and no nerve paralysis occurred within 30days in both groups. There was one wound problem in SBTKA group, compared 10 wound problem in UBTKA group; this difference was significant. Three deliriums occurred in SBTKA group, compared 13 deliriums in UBTKA group; this difference was significant. Minor complications included
The clinical guidelines for hip fracture management indicate that indwelling foley catheterization should be avoided when possible. Alternatives to indwelling catheters such as intermittent or condom catheters are recommended. Appropriate catheterization usage is important in hip fracture patients to avoid complications such as
Previous studies have indicated that prolonged surgical time may lead to higher rates of infection following total hip arthroplasty (THA). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of surgical time on 30-day complications following THA and to determine if there was a time interval associated with worse outcomes. Patients ≥18 years who underwent THA between 2005 and 2016 were identified from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database using procedural codes. Patients with surgical durations >240 minutes were excluded. Patient demographics, operation length, and 30-day major and minor complications were ascertained. Multivariable regression was used to determine if the rate of complications differed depending on length of operation, while adjusting for relevant covariables, and to identify independent predictors of operation length. Covariables of interest included age, sex, American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) class, smoking status, functional status, comorbidities, anesthesia type, and Body Mass Index (BMI). A total of 131,361 THA patients (average age 65 ±12 years) were identified from the database. Of these, 2,177 (1.64%) experienced a major complication, and 3,504 (2.64%) experienced a minor complication within 30-days of the initial procedure. Average operation length was 91.9 minutes (range 20 – 240 minutes). Independent predictors of prolonged operation length included overweight/obese BMI, male sex, cancer, dependent functional status, epidural anaesthetic, lower pre-operative hematocrit, and ASA class II, III or IV vs. I Alternatively, older age, current smoking, and spinal anaesthetic were associated with shorter surgical durations. Unadjusted rates of both major and minor complications were significantly higher for patients whose operation lengths were ≥ 120 minutes (P>0.001). Specifically, patients whose operations lasted ≥ 120 minutes had higher rates of septic shock, sepsis, pulmonary embolism (PE), deep vein thrombosis (DVT),
INTRODUCTION. This study is to determine the response of CRP after TKR surgery, both unilateral and simultaneous bilateral TKR. According to the previously published literature from North America and Europe CRP value peaks on the 1. st. and 2. nd. post-operative day and then gradually comes down to normal by 6–8 weeks post-operatively. AIM. To determine the trend of CRP in Indian patients undergoing TKR, both unilateral and simultaneous bilateral TKR. To see whether it follows the trend in North American and European population and to determine whether there is a difference in the CPR pattern in unilateral versus simultaneous bilateral TKR patients. MATERIAL & METHODS. Twenty six patients were included in this study. 13 patients each had unilateral TKR and simultaneous bilateral TKR. All the patients were operated by a single surgeon and assistant. Patients who had Rheumatoid arthritis and post operative adverse events like
Aim. In private healthcare facilities, the access to a specialized infectious disease (ID) advice is difficult. More, the lack of traceability is problematic and harmful for treatment and follow-up. We have tested an information technology (IT) application to improve medical transmission and evaluate an interdisciplinary ID activity. Methods. In November 2015, three ID physicians (IDP) created an interdisciplinary activity, visiting patients and giving phone advices among ten private healthcare facilities. They are members of the complex bone and joint infection unit of the community hospital where they are attached. Since September 2016, each advice was prospectively recorded on a protected online information system. These data are available for consultation and modification by the three IDP. It is the first descriptive analysis of this database. Results. From September 2016 to February 2017, 887 advices from 573 inpatients were collected. Median age was 69 years old and 56% of patients were male (n=320). Comorbidity was notified in 329 patients (57%): presence of a medical device (n=154), active neoplasia (n=76), mellitus diabetes (n=38) and renal failure (n=38) were the most common. Patients were hospitalized in a surgery unit in 49% of cases and of which 69% was the orthopaedic unit. By frequency, type of infection was prosthetic joint (n=111) and osteosynthesis device
INTRODUCTION. Shoulder arthroplasty (SA) is an effective procedure for managing patients with shoulder pain secondary to degenerative joint disease or end stage arthritis that has failed conservative treatment. Insurance status has been shown to be an indicator of patient morbidity and mortality. The objective of the current study is to evaluate the effect of patient insurance status on outcomes following shoulder replacement surgery. METHODS. Data was obtained from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample between 2004 and 2011. Analysis included patients undergoing shoulder arthroplasty procedures determined by ICD-9 procedure codes. Patient demographics and comorbidities were analyzed and stratified by insurance type. The primary outcome was medical and surgical complications occurring during the same hospitalization with secondary analysis of mortality. Pearson's chi¬squared test and multivariate regression were performed. RESULTS. A data inquiry identified 103,290 patients (68,578 Medicare, 27,159 private insurance, 3,544 Medicaid/uninsured, 4,009 Other) undergoing partial, total and reverse total shoulder replacements. The total number of complications was 17,810 (17.24%), and the top three complications included acute cardiac events (8,165),
Aim. Surgical site infection (SSI) is associated with substantial morbidity, mortality and economic burden. Management of spinal SSI is becoming more challenging especially in instrumented cases, but is not well recognized as high risk procedure. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of procedure type comparing SSI risk with arthroplasties among all orthopaedic procedures. Method. Using prospectively collected data of consecutive samples in multi-center orthopedic SSI surveillance, we explored the differences in SSI rates within 30 days after surgery by procedure types. Patients who underwent surgery of single site between November 2013 and May 2016 were enrolled. SSI was our primary outcome.
Aim. Infection after vertebroplasty (VP) is a rare but serious complication. Previous literatures showed most pathogens for infection after VP were bacteria; tuberculosis (TB) induced infection after VP was extremely rare. In this study, we reported our treatment experiences of 18 cases with infectious spondylitis after VP, and compared the differences between developed pyogenic and TB spondylitis. Method. From January 2001 to December 2015, 5749 patients underwent VP at our department were reviewed retrospectively. The causative organisms were obtained from tissue culture of revision surgery. Parameters including type of surgery, the interval between VP and revision surgery, neurologic status, and visual analog scale of back pain were recorded. Laboratory data at the time of VP and revision surgery were collected. Risk factors including the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), preoperative bacteremia,
PJI du to Enterobacter cloacae are rare and often severe. The aim of our study is to define the history of patients with such infections and their outcome. We conducted a retrospective monocentric study in an orthopedic unit where complex bone and joint infections are supported. From 2011 to 214 we selected patients with E. cloacae PJI based on data from the microbiology laboratory. In their files we collected information on their background, their medical and surgical history, antibiotics they received in the year before infection, the suspected portal of entry, the management and the outcome. Twelve patients were included, 7 male and 5 female. PJI was located to the hip in 8 cases, the knee in 3 cases and the ankle in one case. The average time between the placing of the first prosthesis and infection was 3 years. Eleven patients had one or more surgery for previous PJI. The average time elapsed since the last surgery was 30 days. Eleven patients had been treated with antibiotic combinations for at least 6 weeks, in the year before E cloacae infection. A portal of entry was identified only two times:
Introduction. Few studies are published about total hip arthroplasties (THA) in Parkinson's disease as it is often considered as a contraindication for hip replacement. THA for fracture is reported as a high complication rate surgery. Regarding bone quality these cases are assimilated to elderly patients and cemented implants are generally preferred. However, due to the improved length and quality of life, we face more potential indications for joint replacement. The aim of this study is to report our experience of cementless dual mobility implants for primary THAs for osteoarthrosis and THA revisions focusing on the risks and benefits of surgery. Material and methods. 65 THA were performed in 59 patients (34 men, 25 women, mean age 73 years, 55–79). Mean latest follow-up was 8,3 years (4–14). Indications were 42 primary THA (osteoarthrosis) and 21 revisions (11 recurrent dislocation, 6 acetabular PE wear, 4 femoral loosening). Surgical approach was always antero-lateral. All patients were implanted with the same dual mobility cementless cup. The same cementless corail-type stem was used for primary THA cases. All the cemenless implants were hydroxyapatite coated. The disability caused by the disease was classified according to Hoehn and Yahr. (19 stage 1, 21 stage 2,16 stage 3). Results. 2 patients were lost for follow-up before 2 years. general complications were 3 pulmonary
The benefit of using a long intramedullary device for the treatment of geriatric intertrochanteric hip fractures is unknown. The InterTAN device (Smith and Nephew, Memphis TN) is offered in either Short (180–200 mm) or Long (260–460 mm) constructs and was designed to provide stable compression across primary intertrochanteric fracture fragments. The objective of our study was to determine whether Short InterTANs are equivalent to Long InterTANs in terms of functional and adverse outcomes for the treatment of geriatric intertrochanteric hip fractures. 108 patients with OTA classification 31A–1 and 31A–2 intertrochanteric hip fractures were included in our study and prospectively followed at one of four Canadian Level-1 Trauma Centres. Our primary outcomes included two validated primary outcome measures: the Functional Independence Measure (FIM), to measure function, and the Timed Up and Go (TUG), to measure motor performance. Secondary outcome measures included blood loss, length of procedure, length of stay and adverse events. A pre-injury FIM was measured by retrospective recall and all postoperative outcomes were assessed on postoperative day 3, at discharge, at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months postoperatively. Unpaired t-tests and Chi-square tests were used for the comparison of continuous and categorical variables respectively between the Short and Long InterTAN groups. A statistically significant difference was defined as p<0.05. Our study included 71 Short InterTAN and 37 Long InterTAN patients with 31A–1 and 31A–2 intertrochanteric hip fractures. Age, sex, BMI, side, living status and comorbidities were similar between the two groups. The mean operative time was significantly lower in the Short InterTAN group (61 mins) as compared to the Long InterTAN group (71 mins)(p0.05). There were 5 periprosthetic femur fractures in the short InterTAN group versus 1 in the long InterTAN group. Non-mechanical adverse outcomes such as myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism,
Pyogenic spondylodiscitis is an uncommon but clinically relevant infection that represents 3 to 5% of all cases or osteomyelitis. In Europe, it has an estimated incidence of 0.4 to 2.4/100.000 people/year. Mortality is less than 5%, increasing with a delay in diagnosis greater than 2 month. Patients with renal failure have greater predisposition to infections, consequence of the chronic uremic state. Infection rates in Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) hemodialysis grafts in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) range from 3 to 35%. We present a rare case of concurrent spondylodiscitis and PTFE graft infection in a patient with ESRD and recurrent
Objectives. Although most joint surgeons have reached a consensus that preoperative risk assessment and appropriate medical intervention for elderly patients of primary total hip arthrplasty (PTHA) could significantly reduce postoperative complications and mortality, there is still lack of a detailed and comprehensive approach for risk stratifying and a systematic method for risk allaying. We aimed to explore the risk factors related to the aggravation of preoperative complications and the appearance of complications post-operation of primary total hip arthrplasty (PTHA) in elderly patients for hip fracture. Patients and methods. We retrospectively reviewed the demographic and clinical data of 156 patients who underwent PTHA for hip fracture from January 2014 to December 2016, of which there were 61 male (39.1%) and 95 female (60.9%) patients; 111 patients aged 60–79 years (71.2%) and 45 patients ≥ 80 years old (28.8%); 125 patients of femoral neck fracture (80.1%) and 31 patients of inter-trochanteric fracture (19.9%); 109 patients of spinal anesthesia (69.9%) and 48 patients of general anesthesia (30.1%); 85 patients undergoing surgery within 3 days (54.5%) and 71 patients operated ≥ 4 days (45.5%) since admission. We evaluated the correlations among gender, age, type of fracture, methods of anesthesia, time of operation since admission, the aggravation of preoperative complications and the appearance of postoperative complications post PTHA using the IBM SPSS Statistics (version 21) and the Exce1 2016. Results. The appearance of postoperative complications were statistically correlated with age, time of operation since admission, and type of anesthesia. The appearance of postoperative complication were significantly more in patients operated ≥ 4 days since admission (P < 0.05), and patients with general anesthesia (P < 0.05). Age ≥ 80 years old was not only statistically correlated with the aggravation of three kind of preoperative complications, hypertension, heart disease and respiratory tract infection (P < 0.05), also statistically correlated with the postoperative exacerbation of respiratory tract infection (P < 0.01), the appearance of anemia (P < 0.01), hypoalbuminemia (P < 0.01), water and electrolyte balance disorder (P < 0.05), and gastrointestinal reaction (P < 0.05). Age ≥ 80 years old was neither significantly correlated with postoperative aggravation of diabetes mellitus,
