Introduction. Given the predominant functional role which aggrecan has in the intervertebral disc, particularly within the nucleus pulposus, it is necessary to evaluate the quality of aggrecan produced by cells within tissue engineered disc constructs. The aim here was to characterise the nanostructure of aggrecan synthesised by nucleus pulposus cells treated with growth differentiation factor [GDF]-6) seeded in hydrogels in comparison to aggrecan isolated from healthy disc. Methods. Aggrecan was isolated from bovine nucleus pulposus (NP) tissue (n=3 [<18 months old]) and primary bovine NP cells cultured with (+GDF6) or without GDF6 (−GDF6) for 28 days (n=2) in type I collagen hydrogels. Isolated aggrecan monomers were visualised by atomic force microscopy and categorised as either intact (globular domains visible at both the N and C termini) or non-intact. Core protein contour length (L. CP. ) was calculated for intact molecules. The proportion of non-intact/fragmented to intact aggrecan and the molecular area of all monomers was determined. Results. Very few aggrecan molecules were intact (1.3% in NP compared to 4.3% +GDF6 and 0% -GDF6). There was no significant difference in the mean L. CP. between NP (389 ± 37 nm) compared to +GDF6 (379.2 ± 26 nm) or the molecular area between NP (3560 ± 2179 nm. 2. ) and –GDF6 (3586 ± 2071 nm. 2. ). However, the molecular area in both cases was significantly lower than +GDF6 (4774 ± 3715 nm. 2. ) p≤0.0001. Discussion & conclusions. Aggrecan structure can be altered by culture conditions. GDF6 treatment promoted the synthesis of more intact monomers, with greater over all molecular area. Conflicts of interest: None. Funding: Impact Research Scholarship and the Presidents Doctoral Scholarship, provided by the University of Manchester

Aims

This study aimed, through bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiment validation, to identify the key extracellular proteins of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD).

Aims

To identify the incidence and risk factors for five-year same-site recurrent disc herniation (sRDH) after primary single-level lumbar discectomy. Secondary outcome was the incidence and risk factors for five-year sRDH reoperation.