Lowest instrumented vertebra (LIV) selection is critical to preventing complications following posterior spinal arthrodesis (PSA) for thoracolumbar/lumbar adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (TL/L AIS), but evidence guiding LIV selection is limited. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of PSA using novel unilateral convex segmental
Introduction. To introduce a new classification method and analyze related risk factor about lateral wall perforation associated with lower cervical pedicle screw and free-hand insertion technique. Methods. A Retrospective study was made to analyze 214 patients (1024 screws) with various cervical spine disorders, involved in