1. Anterior transperitoneal lumbar fusion is a successful method of stabilising painful mechanical derangements which have not responded to the usual conservative measures.

2. The operation in this series was done mainly for backache; it should not be contemplated if there is definite evidence of nerve root compression, because sequestrated disc material cannot be removed from the spinal canal from the anterior route.

3. Careful technique has resulted in few complications attributable to the operation.

4. This method is sometimes thought to be inapplicable in cases of spondylolisthesis with a displacement of more than one-third. However, in this series we have seen the block type of graft used with a good measure of clinical and radiological success.

5. There is no doubt that for those patients who have had previous unsuccessful laminectomies or posterior fusions anterior interbody fusion offers an excellent prospect of recovery.