Introduction and Objectives: Currently it has become popular to use cement impregnated with antibiotics in revisions of septic total knee replacements. However, the use of cement with antibiotics in primary knee arthroplasties continues to be a cause of controversy. However, contrary to American opinion, in some European studies it has been seen that the use of cement with antibiotics decreases the infection rate in primary knee arthroplasties.

Materials and Methods: We hereby present a comparative study of 642 patients that underwent primary total knee replacement (TKR) (Legacy-Zimmer) between 2003 and 200. We divided the patients into 2 groups. One group of 296 patients underwent primary TKR using cement without antibiotic. A second group of 346 patients underwent primary TKR using gentamycin-loaded cement. Mean follow-up was 1 year. Our aim was to find differences in postoperative infection rates during the first year of follow-up

Results: We found no differences in demographic variables, operation time, ischemia time, rate of transfusions, days of hospitalization or medical complications. We saw 10 infections (3.3% infection rate) in group 1. We saw 3 infections (0.09 % infection rate) in group 2. We carried out a comparative statistical analysis and it was significant.

Discussion and Conclusions: Cement impregnated with gentamycin is effective in the prevention of deep infection in the short and medium term in primary total knee replacement.

Introduction and Objectives: Given the increase in incidence of some pathological conditions in the musculoskeletal system, we proposed carrying out an observational study on the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of infectious spondylodiscitis (IS) diagnosed in our sanitary area over the last 8 years.

Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of the clinical histories of patients with tuberculosis infectious spondylodiscitis and spondylodiscitis due to other causes diagnosed between January 2000 and December 2008. We included those cases in which a compatible clinical and radiological picture associated with isolation of the microorganism in hemoculture or in material taken from the focus of the spondyle. We also considered there was a proven diagnosis of spondylodiscitis if there were typical caseified granulomas in vertebral biopsies or concomitant extravertebral foci.

Results: We found 14 spondylodiscites due to other causes and 5 spondylodiscites due to tuberculosis. All spondylodiscites due to other causes were caused by monobacterial infections except one, and the most frequent microorganism found was Staphylococcus aureus (5) followed by S. epidermidis (3) and E. coli (3). The spondylodiscites due to tuberculosis required more interventions to decompress and/or drain paravertebral abscesses and had more neurological sequelae.

Discussion and Conclusions: Infectious spondylodiscitis is more frequent and predominates in the low dorsal and lumbar spine segments. During the last decade there has been a notable increase in spondylodiscitis due to other causes, with a significant amount in relation to invasive procedures. Infectious spondylodiscitis takes longer to diagnose and are associated with a greater prevalence of sequelae. Some of the possible complications are paravertebral abscesses and vertebral compression.