Aims: The study we present compares quantitatively the bone regeneration in experimental animals obtained with autologus and homologus grafts against a calcium phosphate cement. Methods: We performed cavitary defects o 6 mm of diameter in the metaphiseal region of the distal femur of 48 rabbits of albine race. They were divided in 4 groups, and received respectively autologous grafts, homologous freezed graft, calcium phosphate cement or the absence of any implant (control group). Results: The results are valued by radiological, histological and histomorphometrical studies (with digitalysed images). Histological study shows a correct integration of the calcium phosphate cement, without þbrous interphase, and a bone regeneration which is progressive and centripetal. Statistical analysis of the histomorphometrical data shows that bone regeneration obtained with the calcium phosphate cement its similar to the one obtained with the grafts. Conclusions: Calcium phosphate cement is a biocompatible material, biodegradable and conductor.