Retrospective study of 8 children treated with vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib (VEPTR) for correction of early onset spinal scoliotic deformities. 8 children with progressive scoliosis due to a variety of conditions, 6 congenital (2 Goldenhar syndrome, 2 VACTERL syndrome, 2 congenital thoracic abnormalities), 1 spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, 1 early onset of scoliosis, underwent the index procedure and subsequent lengthening procedures at 6 months intervals (1 patient had 11 lengthening procedures). Mean age was 4 years (2-6 years) and mean follow up 3.8 years (2-6 years). Mean preoperative Cobb angle was 64,8° (51-108) and mean postoperative angle 40° (31-50)STUDY DESIGN
METHODS
Heart rate variance was highest in the Consultant with the most recent appointment. Heart rate variance in the Trainee was the lowest. The highest heart rate was achieved when scrubbed supervising the surgical trainee. The surgeons with the highest deformity work load had the lowest intra-operative heart rate
