Randomised controlled trials (RCT) published in the British volume of the JBJS from United Kingdom based institutes have been analysed to review the level of involvement of junior doctors over the past 25 years (1988 to 2012) which included three different training eras: Pre-Calman (1988 to 1995), Calman (1996 to 2006), and MMC (2007 to 2012). Authors were divided into: Senior doctors, Registrars, Fellows, Senior House Officers/ Foundation Doctors, and Others. The level of involvement has been identified as being first author, senior author or co-author.

One hundred and fifty nine RCTs have been identified with a total of 705 authors. Eighty eight registrars, 32 fellows and 19 SHO/ Foundation doctors have been involved in RCT published over the last 25 years (19.7%). Registrars constituted 15% of all authors in the pre-Calman, 12% in the Calman and 11% in the MMC periods. They constituted 33% of all first authors in the pre-Calman, 21% in the Calman, and 12% in the MMC periods. With regards to SHO/ Foundation doctors, they were only 2% of all authors in the pre-Calman, 3% in the Calman, and 4% in the MMC periods. They were not the first author in any RCT in the pre-Calman period, rising to 7% in both the Calman and MMC periods.

Our study shows that registrars involvement was at its highest in the pre-Calman era with gradual decline in their involvement in the subsequent training eras. SHO/Foundation doctors involvement remains very low, however showing increasing rate in the MMC era.

Aims

In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic meant that proceeding with elective surgery was restricted to minimize exposure on wards. In order to maintain throughput of elective cases, our hospital (St Michaels Hospital, Toronto, Canada) was forced to convert as many cases as possible to same-day procedures rather than overnight admission. In this retrospective analysis, we review the cases performed as same-day arthroplasty surgeries compared to the same period in the previous 12 months.

Aims. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of a pilot enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programme on length of stay (LOS) and post-discharge resource usage via service evaluation and cost analysis. Methods. Between May and December 2019, 100 patients requiring hip or knee arthroplasty were enrolled with the intention that each would have a preadmission discharge plan, a preoperative education class with nominated helper, a day of surgery admission and mobilization, a day one discharge, and access to a 24/7 dedicated helpline. Each was matched with a patient under the pre-existing pathway from the previous year. Results. Mean LOS for ERAS patients was 1.59 days (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14 to 2.04), significantly less than that of the matched cohort (3.01 days; 95% CI 2.56 to 3.46). There were no significant differences in readmission rates for ERAS patients at both 30 and 90 days (six vs four readmissions at 30 days, and nine vs four at 90 days). Despite matching, there were significantly more American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade 3 patients in the ERAS cohort. There was a mean cost saving of £757.26 (95% CI £-1,200.96 to £-313.56) per patient. This is despite small increases in postoperative resource usage in the ERAS patients. Conclusion. ERAS represents a safe and effective means of reducing LOS in primary joint arthroplasty patients. Implementation of ERAS principles has potential financial savings and could increase patient throughput without compromising care. In elective care, a preadmission discharge plan is key. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2(11):966–973

Abstract. Introduction. Spinal local anaesthesia and opioids have long been used as peri-operative analgesia for patients undergoing arthroplasty procedures. However, intrathecal opioids are associated with numerous complications. ERAS. ®. society guidelines for elective knee replacement (2019) strongly discourage the use of spinal opioids. This study aims to report the impact of low-dose spinal and local infiltrative analgesia on patients undergoing elective knee replacement. Methodology. Retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing knee replacement under the ERAS protocol over 2 years, at a district general hospital under the care of a single surgeon. Results. A total of 80 knee replacements were included in the study (M38:F42, mean age=72.7, mean BMI=31, ASA: 1=8, 2=54, 3=18). 91% received neuroaxial anaesthesia, 89% without intrathecal opioids. Local infiltrative analgesia was used in 99% of patients. The mean length of stay was significantly shorter (2 days), when compared to patients undergoing elective knee replacements without adherence to ERAS. ®. guidance (3.8 days), P<0.001. The average maximum pain score in PACU was 0.8 (0=no pain, 10=maximum pain). All patients were mobilised within 24 hours of surgery. No patients were readmitted within 30 days. 2 patients returned to theatre (retained surgical clip and MUA for stiffness). Conclusions. The implementation of ERAS. ®. guidelines has demonstrated significantly reduced admission days following elective knee arthroplasty. Combined with low complication rates, the reduction in admission days may result in increased hospital bed availability. This has the potential to positively impact elective arthroplasty waiting lists. Further research is underway to evaluate patient-reported outcome measures in this group

INTRODUCTION. In recent years, there has been a shift toward outpatient and short-stay protocols for patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We developed a peri-operative THA and TKA short stay protocol following the Enhance Recovery After Surgery principles (ERAS), aiming at both optimizing patients’ outcomes and reducing the hospital length of stay. The objective of this study was to evaluate the implementation of our ERAS short-stay protocol. We hypothesized that our ERAS THA and TKA short-stay protocol would result in a lower complication rate, shorter hospital length of stay and reduced direct health care costs compared to our standard procedure. METHODS. We compared the complications rated according to Clavien-Dindo scale, hospital length of stay and costs of the episode of care between a prospective cohort of 120 ERAS short-stay THA or TKA and a matched historical control group of 150 THA or TKA. RESULTS. Significantly lower rate of Grade 1 and 2 complications in the ERAS short-stay group compared with the standard group (mean 0.8 vs 3.0, p<0.001). Postoperative complications that were experienced by significantly more patients in the control group included pain (67% vs 13%, p<0.001), nausea (42% vs 12%, p<0.001), vomiting (25% vs 0.9%, p<0.001), dizziness (15% vs 4%, p=0.006), headache (4% vs 0%, p=0.04), constipation (8% vs 0%, p=0.002), hypotension (26% vs 11%, p=0.003), anemia (8% vs 0%, p=0.002), oedema of the operated leg (9% vs 1%, p=0.005), persistent lameness (4% vs 0%, p=0.04), urinary retention (13% vs 4%, p=0.006) and anemia requiring blood or iron transfusion (8% vs 0%, p=0.002). No difference was found between the 2 groups for Grade 3, 4, or 5 complications. The mean hospital length of stay for the ERAS short-stay group decreased by 2.8 days for the THAs (0.1 vs 2.9 days, p bellow 0.001) and 3.9 days for the TKAs (1.0 vs 4.9 days, p<0.001). The mean estimated direct health care costs reduction with the ERAS short-stay protocol was 1489% per THA and 4206% per TKA. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION. Shorter hospitalization time after THA and TKA is associated with lower risk of nosocomial infections and adverse events related to reduced mobilization such as venous thromboembolism, pulmonary atelectasis, and constipation. In addition, it increases bed availability in a restricted environment and is very favorable economically for the care provider. Multiple strategies have been described to reduce hospital length of stay. One attractive option is to follow the ERAS principles to improve patient experience to a level where they will feel confident to leave for home earlier. Implementation of a ERAS short-stay protocol for patients undergoing THA or TKA at our institution resulted not only in reduced hospital length of stay, but also in improved patient care and reduced direct health care costs

Introduction. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) is a multi-disciplinary approach for establishing procedure–specific, evidence-based perioperative protocols to optimize patient outcomes. ERAS evidence is predominantly for non-orthopaedic procedures. We review the impact of ERAS protocol implementation on total joint arthroplasty (TJA) outcomes at our institution. Methods. All primary total hip and knee arthroplasties performed one year before and after ERAS implementation were identified by current procedural terminology code. Length of stay (LOS), disposition, readmission and opioid usage were analyzed before and after ERAS implementation and statistically analyzed with student t-test and chi-square test. Results. 2105 total patients were identified (967 THA, 494 pre-ERAS and 473 post-ERAS;1138 TKA, 575 pre-ERAS and 563 post-ERAS). TKA. After ERAS implementation, opioid consumption decreased for hospital day one (45.5MME to 36.2MME; p=0.000) and overall hospitalization (101.9MME to 83.9MME; p =0.000). Average LOS decreased (73.28hrs to 66.44hrs; p=0.000), blood transfusion rate trended down (3.3% to 1.95%; p=0.155), and disposition to home over skilled nursing facility increased (57.8% to 71.6%; p=0.000). Unplanned return-to-hospital encounters were unchanged (13.22% to 12.79%; p=0.8504). 30-day and 90-day readmission rates decreased (7.30% to 3.02%; p=0.0020 and 8.5% to 4.8%; p=0.0185, respectively). THA. After ERAS implementation, opioid consumption decreased for hospital day one (49.5MME to 35.4MME; p=0.000) and overall hospitalization (79.5MME to 59.5MME; p=0.000). Average LOS decreased (57.84hrs to 51.87hrs; p=0.011), blood transfusion rate was unchanged (4.25% to 3.81%; p=0.725), and disposition to home over skilled nursing facility increased (80.4% to 82.5%; p= 0.022). Unplanned return-to-hospital encounters were unchanged (8.51% to 8.88%; p=0.8486). Readmission trended up during postoperative days 0–30 and trended down during postoperative days 31–90. (1.42% to 2.96%; p=0.1074) and (1.21% to 0.85%; p=0.5748), respectively. Conclusion. ERAS protocols reduce postoperative opioid consumption, decrease hospital LOS, and increase patient disposition to home without adversely affecting short-term readmission rates

At our district general hospital in the southwest of England, around 694 total knee replacements (TKR) are performed annually. Since spring 2013 we have been using an enhanced recovery protocol for all TKR patients, yet we have neither assessed compliance with the protocol nor whether its implementation has made a discernible and measurable difference to the delivery of care in this patient population. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols are multi-modal care pathways designed to aid recovery. They are based on best evidence and promote a multi-disciplinary approach which standardises care and encompasses nutrition, analgesia and early mobilisation throughout the pre, intra and postoperative phases of an inpatient stay. ERAS has been found to reduce length of stay (LOS), readmission rates and analgesic requirements following surgery. 1, 2, 3. Additionally, they have been shown to improve range of knee movement following TKR and improve mobility, patient satisfaction whilst reducing mortality and morbidity. 4, 5, 6. With these benefits in mind, we sought to investigate how well our trauma and orthopaedic department was complying with a local ERAS protocol and whether we could replicate the benefits seen within the literature. Following approval from our local audit office in September 2015 we generated a patient list of elective TKR patients under the same surgeon before and after the implementation of the ERAS protocol. Using discharge summaries and patient notes we extracted data for 39 patients operated on prior to the ERAS implementation between January 2011 and December 2012 and 27 patients following its introduction between January 2014 and September 2015. Data collected included length of stay, time to discharge from inpatient physiotherapy and use of analgesia and antiemetics. Alongside this we audited the compliance with all facets of the local ERAS protocol. There was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of demographics or pre-operative morbidity. Overall compliance with the ERAS protocol was good but there was some variability, especially with intraoperative medication and type of anaesthesia which was likely due to individual patient factors. Compliance with postoperative analgesia was especially good with 93% of patients receiving all 4 suggested analgesics within the ERAS group. Length of stay (LOS) was significantly reduced by 0.5 days per patient (p value < 0.4). Overall compliance with the ERAS protocol was good but there was some variability, especially with intraoperative medication and type of anaesthesia, which was likely due to individual patient factors. Compliance with postoperative analgesia was especially good with 93% of patients receiving all suggested analgesics within the ERAS group. In terms of LOS, we found a statistically significant difference between the pre-ERAS and ERAS group of 0.5 days per patient. Within the context of our DGH, a 0.5 day reduction in LOS translates to around 350 bed days per year and a potential saving of GBP 105,000 (EUR 132,000) making this a clinically significant finding

Prolonged length of stay (LOS) is a significant contributor to the variation in surgical health care costs and resource utilization after elective spine surgery. The primary goal of this study was to identify patient, surgical and institutional variables that influence LOS. The secondary objective is to examine variability in institutional practices among participating centers. This is a retrospective study of a prospectively multicentric followed cohort of patients enrolled in the CSORN between January 2015 and October 2020. A logistic regression model and bootstrapping method was used. A survey was sent to participating centers to assessed institutional level interventions in place to decrease LOS. Centers with LOS shorter than the median were compared to centers with LOS longer than the median. A total of 3734 patients were included (979 discectomies, 1102 laminectomies, 1653 fusions). The median LOS for discectomy, laminectomy and fusion were respectively 0.0 day (IQR 1.0), 1.0 day (IQR 2.0) and 4.0 days (IQR 2.0). Laminectomy group had the largest variability (SD=4.4, Range 0-133 days). For discectomy, predictors of LOS longer than 0 days were having less leg pain, higher ODI, symptoms duration over 2 years, open procedure, and AE (p< 0.05). Predictors of longer LOS than median of 1 day for laminectomy were increasing age, living alone, higher ODI, open procedures, longer operative time, and AEs (p< 0.05). For posterior instrumented fusion, predictors of longer LOS than median of 4 days were older age, living alone, more comorbidities, less back pain, higher ODI, using narcotics, longer operative time, open procedures, and AEs (p< 0.05). Ten centers (53%) had either ERAS or a standardized protocol aimed at reducing LOS. In this study stratifying individual patient and institutional level factors across Canada, several independent predictors were identified to enhance the understanding of LOS variability in common elective lumbar spine surgery. The current study provides an updated detailed analysis of the ongoing Canadian efforts in the implementation of multimodal ERAS care pathways. Future studies should explore multivariate analysis in institutional factors and the influence of preoperative patient education on LOS

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) is a multimodal perioperative care pathway designed to achieve early recovery for patients undergoing major surgery. ERAS allows for the incorporation of evidence based practices and incorporated a comprehensive assessment of the patient's journey through the surgical process from pre-operative screening through to post-operative care. The purpose of this study was to determine if optimisation of ERAS protocol with pre-operative screening and incorporating patient-specific factors into their post operative care would improve length of stay (LOS) and readmission rates following total joint arthroplasty (TJA) in a Canadian community hospital setting. The study collected clinical, demographic data and the physical status perioperative using the American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) classification on 508 patients who underwent TJA between January and August 2015 and compared similar data from the same time frame in the previous calendar year prior to implementation of the pathway. Cohorts were analysed for length of stay (LOS), readmission rates, Pre-operative assessments (completed by anaesthesia, nursing and pharmacy), relevant labs, patient history (surgery, medical, social), and patient values were all considered when developing a specific patient plan for care post-operatively. A post-operative management tool was used to optimise pain control, post-operative nausea and vomiting, bowel management, diabetes blood glucose control, venous thromboembolism prophylaxis, as well as monitoring parameters specific to patient medical history (e.g. respiratory, cardiac). While in hospital, physiotherapy and nursing were consulted by the pharmacist to assess whether patient's post op management needed to be altered to optimise mobilisation and recovery in hospital. The average patient's LOS and readmission rates in 30 days was analysed to assess the change after implementation of the post-operative management tool based on patient specific factors. A total of 508 patients (mean age: 66 years), ASA classification was 3 or greater for 430 patients. The patients were assessed for LOS, readmission rates in 30 days. The mean LOS decreased from 3.6 to 3.3 days after optimisation of the ERAS protocol (student t test p=0.021). The 30-day readmission rate decreased from 2.9% to 1.4% post intervention (z test p=0.087) when compared to the same time period in the previous calendar year prior to protocol implementation. Overall, the cost savings to optimising the ERAS protocol for the hospital is substantial; with approximately $238 saved per patient. Pre-operative screening and incorporating patient-specific factors into an individualised care plan to optimise the ERAS protocol for TJA reduced mean length of stay without a concomitant increase in readmission rates with significant cost saving

INTRODUCTION. The benefits of combining enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) interventions with an outpatient THA/TKA program are uncertain. The primary objective was to compare adverse event rate and secondly to compare pain management, functional recovery, PROMs and patients' satisfaction. METHODS. We conducted an ambidirectional single subject cohort study on 48 consecutive patients who experienced both a standard-inpatient and an ERAS-outpatient THA/TKA (contralaterally). We compared complications according to Clavien-Dindo scale and Comprehensive Complications Index (CCI), and unplanned episodes of care. Postoperative pain assessed with a numeric rating scale, opioid consumption in morphine milligram equivalents, functional recovery, patient-reported outcome measures (WOMAC, KOOS, HOOS, Forgotten Joint Score and Patient Joint Perception) and patients' satisfaction were also evaluated. RESULTS. Following the ERAS-outpatient surgery, complication rates were reduced by more than 50% (2.1 vs 4.4, p<0.001), CCI was significantly lower (12.3 vs 19.1, p<0.001), and similar unplanned episodes of care were observed (p>0.999). In the first 8 postoperative hours, perceived pain was similar (p>0.805) while opioid consumption was significantly reduced with ERAS-outpatient care (9.3 vs 26.5 MME, p<0.001). Patients walked, climbed stairs, showered, performed activities of daily living, practised sports, went back to work sooner after ERAS-outpatient surgery (p<0.001), but PROMs were similar between groups at the last follow-up (p> 0.188). Patients were more satisfied with hospital stay, pain management, functional recovery, wound management, and overall experience of the ERAS-outpatient pathway and recommended it significantly more (p <0.002). DISCUSSION. Most studies comparing outpatient to inpatient programs conclude that outpatient surgeries did not increase complication or readmission rates, and, overall, were not inferior. We found that compared to std-inpatient practice, ERAS-outpatient program reduced complications by half while not resulting in more unplanned episodes of care. Moreover, it resulted in similar pain relief with fewer opioids, faster early functional recovery and higher satisfaction. Patients were significantly more inclined to recommend the ERAS-outpatient pathway after having personally experienced both outpatient and inpatient protocols. These finding are likely multifactorial and linked to the specific ERAS interventions. CONCLUSION. Results of this study highlight the importance of following ERAS principles when implementing an outpatient THA/TKA program

Recently, there is ongoing evidence regarding rapid recovery after orthopaedic surgery, with advantages for the patient relative to post operative pain, complications and functional recovery. The aim of this study is to present our experience in rapid recovery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in the last 2 years. Retrospective study of 36 patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, (age range 11 to 18 years) treated with spinal thoraco-lumbar posterior fusion with rapid post-operative recovery, compared with a similar group, treated with traditional protocol. We found a statistically significant difference in terms of length-of-stay, patient-controlled-analgesia and use of oppioid and post operative blood transfusions. There was no difference in post operative infection rate. Our experience shows better functional recovery, satisfactory controlled analgesia and reduction in costs of hospitalization with the use of ERAS protocols

ERAS (Enhanced recovery after surgery) programs have been widely adopted in elective orthopaedic practice. Early discontinuation of Intravenous (IV) fluids in order to promote mobilisation and subsequent discharge is a key feature of such programs. However concerns have been raised regarding whether such an approach results in an increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). We set out to determine the incidence of AKI in patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty treated as part of an ERAS program where IV fluids are removed before leaving the recovery room. Investigate whether there is a difference in incidence between patients with a pre-operative eGFR ≥ 60 or < 60 (ml/min/1.73m2). In addition to whether patients who sustain an AKI have a longer post-operative hospital stay. The pre and post-operative blood results of patients undergoing elective total hip and total knee replacements were retrospectively analysed to determine whether they had suffered an AKI during admission. The patient's notes were reviewed for other known causes of peri-operative AKI and the length of their hospital stay. The overall Incidence of AKI was 9.4%. There was a significant association found between pre-operative eGFR and development of an AKI p = 0.002. The incidence of AKI was 5.8% in patients with a pre-operative eGFR ≥ 60 vs 33.3% in those with an eGFR < 60. The development of an AKI was associated with a longer hospital stay p = 0.042. The median length of hospital stay was 7 days for those who suffered an AKI vs 5 days for those who did not. Patients undergoing elective lower limb arthroplasty with a pre-operative eGFR < 60 treated as part of an ERAS program where fluids are discontinued before leaving the recovery room are at high risk of developing an AKI. Further studies are required to ascertain whether a longer duration of IV fluids is effective in reducing the incidence of AKI in this group

Introduction. The Direct Anterior Approach (DAA) offers potential advantages of quicker rehabilitation compared to posterior approach THR. The aim of this study was to compare hospital based and early clinical outcomes between these two groups with utilisation of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol. Patients/Materials & Methods. Prospectively collected data for both cohorts were matched for age, gender, ASA grade, BMI, operation side, Pre-operative Oxford Hip score (OHS) and attendance at multi-disciplinary joint school. The pain scores at 0,1,2,3 post-op days, the day of mobilization, inpatient duration, complications, 28 days readmission rates and OHS at 6 and 24 months were compared. Results. Four hundred and fifty two THR (DAA: 219, Posterior: 233) were matched. There was no difference in OHS at 6 months (p=0.07). There was also no difference in pain scores at 0, 1, 2, and 3rd post op days, the day of first mobilization (p=0.32), length of stay (p= 0.3), 28 days readmission (p=0.11) or OHS at 24 months (p=0. 09). 68% of DAA vs 58 % of posterior approach patients achieved planned in-patient duration target of 3 days (p= 0.04). There were six peri-prosthetic femoral fractures in DAA group vs one in posterior approach group (p=0.097). No significant difference was identified for complications, re-operation or 28 days readmission rates between two groups. Discussion. The DAA procedures were performed by two surgeons with extensive prior experience in DAA approach. The potential advantages and complications especially during early learning curve have to be carefully considered by operating surgeon who wishes to start performing DAA approach. The ERAS protocol can potentially reduce the difference in early recovery between two groups. Conclusion. There is no significant difference in clinical outcomes between DAA and posterior approach THR with utilisation of ERAS protocol except potential of discharge from the hospital within three days following the DAA procedure

Introduction. Total hip arthroplasty (THA) dislocation has been associated with different risk factors. The main difficulty in analysing dislocation is its low rate of incidence, necessitating large series for study. We assessed factors related with patients, implant characteristics, and quality of the hip reconstruction to better identify their influence on the THA dislocation rate. Material and Methods. Dislocations in 2,732 THAs performed between 2001 and 2016 were assessed with regard to factors related with the patient (gender, age, preoperative diagnosis, lumbar pathology); the implant (femoral head size, bearing surface, stem offset, femoral head/neck ratio); and the surgical technique (approach, cup and stem position, and abductor mechanism reconstruction). Regression analysis was used for different risk factors and Kaplan-Meier for survival analysis. Results. After ERAS implementation, opioid consumption decreased for hospital day one (49.5MME to 35.4MME; p=0.000) and overall hospitalization (79.5MME to 59.5MME; p=0.000). Average LOS decreased (57.84hrs to 51.87hrs; p=0.011), blood transfusion rate was unchanged (4.25% to 3.81%; p=0.725), and disposition to home over skilled nursing facility increased (80.4% to 82.5%; p= 0.022). Unplanned return-to-hospital encounters were unchanged (8.51% to 8.88%; p=0.8486). Readmission trended up during postoperative days 0–30 and trended down during postoperative days 31–90. (1.42% to 2.96%; p=0.1074) and (1.21% to 0.85%; p=0.5748), respectively. There were 92 dislocations (3.4%), of these, 62 were treated conservatively (2.3%) and 30 surgically (1.1%). Survivorship analysis for dislocation was 96.0% (95% CI:95.0–97.0) at 17 years. Among patient-related factors, greater age (p=0.001), lower activity level (p=0.001) and lumbar fusion (p<0.001) were associated with a higher dislocation rate. Among implant-related factors, a ceramic-on-ceramic THA (p<0.001) and a femoral size of 32 or 36 mm in diameter had lower dislocation rates. With regards to surgical technique, a greater acetabular abduction angle (p=0.001) and a greater distance to the hip anatomic center (p=0.006) had higher dislocation rates. A cup position outside Lewinnek´s safe zone (p<0.001) and the abductor mechanism window (p<0.001) also had a higher dislocation rate. Multivariate analysis revealed that only significant lumbar pathology (p=0.001) and lumbar fusion (p<0.001) were significant dislocation-related factors among patient-related factors. Poor reconstruction of the hip rotation (p=0.035), a cup position outside of Lewinnek's safe zone (p<0.001) and the abductor mechanism window (p<0.001) were significantly associated with a higher dislocation risk among surgical technique-associated factors. Conclusions. Significant lumbar spine pathology increases the rate of dislocation. A proper reconstruction of the hip, including appropriate cup position and rotation centre reconstruction of the hip are essential to decrease the risk of dislocation after primary THA. The weakness of the abductor muscles is also an important cause for dislocation

Aims

It is common practice for patients to have postoperative blood tests after total joint replacement (TJR). However, there have been significant improvements in perioperative care with arthroplasty surgery, and a drive to reduce the length of stay (LOS) and move towards day-case TJR. We should reconsider whether this intervention is necessary for all patients.

Aims

Psychoeducative prehabilitation to optimize surgical outcomes is relatively novel in spinal fusion surgery and, like most rehabilitation treatments, they are rarely well specified. Spinal fusion patients experience anxieties perioperatively about pain and immobility, which might prolong hospital length of stay (LOS). The aim of this prospective cohort study was to determine if a Preoperative Spinal Education (POSE) programme, specified using the Rehabilitation Treatment Specification System (RTSS) and designed to normalize expectations and reduce anxieties, was safe and reduced LOS.

Aims

We aim to evaluate the usefulness of postoperative blood tests by investigating the incidence of abnormal results following total joint replacement (TJR), as well as identifying preoperative risk factors for abnormal blood test results postoperatively, especially pertaining to anaemia and acute kidney injury (AKI).

Introduction

The enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) concept in arthroplasty surgery has led to a reduction in postoperative length of stay in recent years. Patients with prolonged length of stay (PLOS) add to the burden of a strained NHS. Our aim was to identify the main reasons.