Abstract
To evaluate the clinical outcome of three different local antibiotic delivery materials, used as bone defect fillers after excision of chronic osteomyelitis.
We reviewed all patients receiving Collagen Fleece with Gentamicin (Septocoll E)(n=74), Calcium Sulphate with Tobramycin pellets (Osteoset T)(n=166) or Calcium Sulphate/Hydroxyapatite biocomposite with Gentamicin (Cerament G)(n=73) for dead space filling after resection of C-M Stage III and IV chronic osteomyelitis. Data was collected on patient comorbidities, operation details, microbiology, postop complications and need for plastic surgery or external fixation. All operations were performed by two surgeons. All patients had similar systemic antibiotic therapy and rehabilitation.
Primary outcomes were recurrence rate, fracture rate and wound leakage rate.
All three groups had very similar mean age and range, microbiological cultures, need for free muscle flaps or local flaps, proportion of femur, tibia and upper limb bones and use of external fixation. There were small differences in the proportion of C-M Class B hosts and anatomic Type IV cases, between the groups. All patients were followed up for at least one year. Mean follow-up was 1.75 years for Septocoll E, 1.96 years for Osteoset T and 1.78 years for Cerament G.
After surgery, there were fewer prolonged wound leaks with Cerament G (leakage persisting for more than 2 weeks). Fracture rates and infection recurrence were twice as common with Osteoset T compared with Cerament G at between one and two years after operation (see Table).
The use of a biocomposite material delivering local aminoglycoside was associated with lower recurrence rates and few wound problems, compared with collagen or calcium sulphate alone. This may reflect the higher levels of antibiotic in the defect and controlled release profile. The improved recurrence rate was despite a higher percentage of compromised Class B hosts.
