Abstract
The incidence of rupture of an Achilles tendon constitutes 0,01–0,02%. The infection of the Achilles tendon after operativ repair is a very rare but severe complication. In this study we examined the functional outcome after radical debridement of the Achilles tendon.
From 2009 to 2014 we treated 26 patients (22 male, 4 female) with an infection oft he Achilles tendon. In 24 cases the infection was caused after suture of the tendon, in 2 cases the infection was caused by an open injury. The average age was 46,8 (21 to 75). The number of operations the patient had to undergo before admitted to our hospital was 23, in average (with an range from 0 to 9 operations). We performed a radical debridement and the insertion of a local antibiotic carrier. In all cases an at least subtotal resection of the Achilles tendon was necessary. In 10 cases we found Staphylococcus aureus, in 4 cases atleast 2 different types of bacteria. In 2 cases we detected E.coli, in 1 case Enterococcus faecalis and 1 case Bacteroides fragiles. In 6 cases we didn´t succeed in identifying a bacteria despite of a hisological report describing a severe infection.
In all cases we achieved a long-lasting stop of the infection. We succeed in 22 cases with just one operation. In 2 cases we had to perform several surgeries(3 Operations and 7 operations) due to extended soft tissue damage of the lower leg and the necessity of a free flap. 22 patients are mobilized in normal shoes, 2 in orthopedic shoes. Because of the building of scartissue we didn´t find a serious impairment of the function despite a subtotal resection of the tendon. The plantar flexion was possible against resistance with reduced strength. Further operative measure such as replacement with other tendons were not required.
In order o obtain a durable stop of the infection it is decisive to operate radical. All infected tissue has to be removed. Even a subtotal resection of the Achilles tendon leads to0 a satisfactory functional outcome.
