Abstract
Although the vast majority of fractures of the proximal femur will heal with well-done internal fixation, occasionally failure of fixation will occur. Having effective salvage options is important to restore function and minimise complications. In general, it is logical to separate salvage options into those for fractures of the femoral neck, and those for fractures of the intertrochanteric region. Additionally, patient age and remaining bone stock should be considered.
Femoral neck fracture fixation failure salvage, young patients: All efforts are focused on preserving the native femoral neck. Valgus producing osteotomy is typically indicated, and can be successful even with small patches of AVN.
Femoral neck fracture fixation failure salvage, older patients: Total hip arthroplasty is generally most predictable. Be prepared for very poor bone quality. Supplement uncemented acetabular component with multiple screws. Be prepared to cement femoral component, if necessary.
Intertrochanteric fracture fixation failure salvage, young patients: Repeat internal fixation attempts with fixed angle devices (such as a 95-degree blade plate) and bone grafting generally preferred. Avoid varus of proximal fragment and target inferior femoral head bone.
Intertrochanteric fracture fixation failure salvage, older patients: Total hip arthroplasty preferred. Long stems to bypass femoral shaft stress risers and “calcar replacement” stems may be necessary due to proximal bone defects. Trochanteric fixation must be stable. Results are generally good but trochanteric complaints are common.
