Abstract
Background:
GeneXpert, a new, rapid molecular diagnostic test is recommended as the first line investigation for suspected pulmonary TB in areas of high HIV prevalence or drug resistance, yet it has not been validated for the diagnosis of musculoskeletal TB.
Aim:
The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of GeneXpert for extraspinal musculoskeletal TB.
Methods:
GeneXpert was performed on 32 tissue samples of prospectively enrolled patients with suspected osteoarticular TB. Biopsy sites included ankles (4), femurs (3), feet (2), hips (9), knees (5), shoulders (6), and elbows (3). The diagnostic accuracy was compared to a reference standard of tissue in liquid culture.
Results:
The GeneXpert showed 100% sensitivity and specificity when compared to TB cultures. The test results were available on day 2 for the GeneXpert test, compared to an average of 40 days for cultures.